Promoting Open Science Principles and Primenjena psihologija (Applied Psychology)

At its heart, “open science” is a simple matter of sharing key parts of the research process that are traditionally not shared. These include detailed methods, protocols, and other materials needed to conduct the work: detailed analytical steps or code used for data analysis, the raw data collected during an investigation, and preliminary drafts of the manuscript. A default towards not sharing may be for many reasons, but for many years, the largest reason is that it was simply not possible to share raw data before online publication became the standard. That status quo became embedded in lab culture, and simply changing the status quo in a community as decentralized as the scientific community is always going to be a slow process. The fact that sharing more details about the process of scientific research represents a possible risk for the researcher, in a system where only statistically significant findings are publishable (Dickersin 1990; Komukai, Sugita, and Fujimoto 2023) and where others are not required to share their materials, makes it all the more challenging to move beyond the current state. By presenting activities at the Center of Open Science and efforts by the Primenjena psihologija editorial board, we appeal to our readers and fellow researchers to embrace the open science practice and use the examples provided in this special issue as a guidance for their future scientific endeavors

Visualize to explore: Towards a different model of scientific information retrieval with emphasis on legume research

In the era of ubiquitous computing and academic hyperproduction, researchers are often encountered with the problem of information overload. Scientific information retrieval systems such as Google Scholar or commercial bibliographic databases, usually display search results as textual lists. This form of representation is suitable for typical browsing tasks, but not for thorough search and exploration. Textual search interfaces usually do not provide users with the appropriate feedback on some relevant aspects of scientific communication, such as the relevance of used terminology, authors' field of expertise, or patterns of collaboration among institutions. This paper presents the basic features of the SCIndeks Visual Search, an alternative information retrieval system which implements different visualization techniques for presenting search results, with a specific emphasis upon publications, scientists and institutions related to legume research. Multidimensional scaling and conceptual maps model were used to visualize the relationships among descriptors and authors of scientific papers dealing with legumes referred in the Serbian Citation Index. The system of visual search was not designed to replace the existing information retrieval model, but rather to enrich the users' information retrieval experience, especially in the case of specific exploration tasks, such as resolving typical vocabulary problems (e.g. polysemy), or analyzing collaboration networks among researchers. Several examples are given to illustrate the advantages of visual search model in the field of legume research and agricultural sciences in general. The authors point out possible benefits of the information visualization as a mediator between the user's query and search results, i.e. between user's information need and information space of the document corpus, anticipating a significant enhancement of mutual awareness of each other’s achievements in various topics of legume research

And now for something completely pea (Pisum sativum L.) fferent: It’s... Legumes in “Monty Python’s Flying Circus”!

Legumes have played a significant part in human diets from the very dawn of mankind and it is no wonder they entered culture in various ways. In the most recent times, legumes have become present in comedy television programmes, such as “Mr. Bean” by Rowan Atkinson. “Monty Python’s Flying Circus” is a widely known British comedy programme, where legumes appeared in numerous sketches. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was mentioned in the famous sketch “Spam” by a waitress, portrayed by Terry Jones, as an ingredient of a meal called “Spam, Spam, Spam, Spam, Spam, Spam, Spam, Baked Beans, Spam, Spam, Spam and Spam”. They were also immortalised by Terry Gilliam, who was devouring them laying on a sofa and constantly asking for more in the sketch “Most Awful Family in Britain”, with notorious and almost unintelligible screams “I want more beans!’’. However, the most surrealistic appearance of legumes in “Monty Python’s Flying Circus” surely was in the episode “Dennis Moore” in which this highwayman, portrayed by John Cleese, robbed the rich, while driving in a coach called ‘Lupin Express’, took all the plants of garden lupin (Lupinus pollyphylus Lindl.) they had hidden, brought them to a family of the poor, being convinced lupins were what they essentially needed to survive, eventually buried the whole interior of their house with this beautiful, multicoloured ornamental species and finally realized he should have provided them with money or food. There is a possibility that the appearance of garden lupin in this sketch is historically inaccurate, since it almost certain took place in late 18th century, while garden lupin arrived in England from North America in the 1820s; but, does reality matters at all in something like Monty Python’s Flying Circus

Open access practice in personality research: a bibliometric perspective

The primary aim of this study was to investigate the structure and dynamics of current research in personality psychology, with a particular focus on open access (OA) practices. A set of 57296 research articles in personality psychology indexed in the Scopus database were analyzed based on their online accessibility: closed (39523), green OA (8770), gold OA (4506), bronze OA (2704), and hybrid gold OA (1793). Although the proportion of OA articles in the overall sample was relatively modest (31%), there has been a consistent upward trend since 2012. Notably, the most significant increase was observed in the proportion of gold OA articles, whereas the number of deposited articles (green OA), not otherwise freely available online, experienced a decline. The knowledge domain of non-OA articles in personality psychology can be broadly delineated into five clusters: (Big Five) personality traits, personality disorders, emotion regulation, Dark Triad/Tetrad, and psychometrics. The emergence of COVID-19 as a “hot” research topic resulted with significant differences in the knowledge domain of non-OA and OA articles. Co-authorship network analysis revealed that authors from Western countries act as the central hub in personality research, though this centrality diminishes when only gold OA articles were taken into account. Gold OA articles performed the worst on most impact and outreach metrics except one, significantly surpassed by green OA articles. As a takeaway, it may be said that although you may need a significant amount of money to do the research, you don’t need it to make your research open and make an impact

Experimental Investigations of the Flow Uniformity and Jet Development on the Free Jet Calibration Wind Tunnel

Results of experimental investigations of the flow uniformity and axisymmetric jet development on the free jet wind calibration tunnel are presented in this paper. At the outlet of calibration tunnel a profiled Witoshinsky nozzle is located, with outlet diameter of D = 145 mm. Flow uniformity measurement for 34 flow regimes was conducted, in the jet cross-section located at horizontal distance of x = 30 mm from the outlet of the nozzle. Velocity profile measurements were performed with Pitot probes. Based on the measurement results for the calibration tunnel, it can be concluded that flow is uniform to within ± 1 % across the test section with radius of 58-60 mm. In addition, development of the jet in the near-field region (0 < s/D < 4.828) is investigated by measurements of mean velocity profile in several streamwise cross-sections for four different regimes. Axisymmetric nature of the jet is proved. It was also shown that velocity profiles in the jet core are uniform, as well as that the jet geometry does not depend on the air flow velocity. This confirms calibration possibilities of this free jet calibration wind tunnel for velocity probes of various types

Nutritional and motor ability status of first- and second- grade students

Abstract Nutritional status is a relevant indicator of optimal growth and development, as well as the health status of children. Since nutritional status can influence the expression of children’s motor capacities, a study has been carried out in order to examine differences in motor abilities of children in relation to their nutritional status. The sample included 300 first- and second-grade students (132 boys, 168 girls). Students’ motor literacy and motor ability status was evaluated by reduced version of “EUROFIT” test battery, while nutritional status was evaluated based on the body mass index. IOTF criteria were used in order to assign participants into four distinctive groups – underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese. Differences between groups in motor ability status were tested by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. No significant differences were found between groups of a different nutritional status in most of the motor abilities, suggesting that BMI does not represent a high-quality predictor of motor abilities of children of lower elementary school grades

Triticum aestivum ir T. durum genetiniai parametrai kokybės technologinėms savybėms Serbijoje

Proteins are important in determining the nutritional value of wheat, and among them gluten determines the baking quality of bread wheat and pasta-making technological properties of wheat. By assessing genetic parameters of wheat quality traits, it is possible to elucidate potential for improvement. The plant material consisted of 30 genotypes of bread and durum wheat of worldwide origin. The trials were sown at three locations in Serbia during two vegetation seasons 2010-2011 and 2011-2012. Protein content, wet gluten content, Zeleny sedimentation volume and deformation energy were determined by near infrared spectrometry. The objectives of this investigation were to assess: i) variability, components of variance, heritability in a broad sense (hb2)expected genetic advance for protein content, wet gluten content, Zeleny sedimentation volume and deformation energy; ii) associations between agronomic characteristics and protein content, wet gluten content, Zeleny sedimentation volume and deformation energy in order to determine indirect selection feasibility. In durum wheat, the highest coefficients of genetic and phenotypic variation (CVg and CVph) were recorded for deformation energy in bread wheat (18% and 18.4%, respectively), whereas the lowest values of 4.1% and 4.6% were shown for protein content. The relation genetic component of variance (σg2)/component of variance due to genotype × environment interaction (σge2) &lt; 1 was observed for protein content (3.2), wet gluten content (2.9) and deformation energy (3.9), and equal to one for Zeleny sedimentation volume, in bread wheat. In durum wheat, σge2/σg2&lt; 1 was detected for protein content (1.4), wet gluten content (1.5), Zeleny sedimentation volume (2.1) and deformation energy (1.4). Considering very high and high hb2 observed for deformation energy and Zeleny sedimentation volume (95.8% and 86.2%, respectively) in bread wheat, coupled with high genetic advance (36.3% and 28.1%, respectively), success from classical breeding can be anticipated. Grain thickness was strongly associated with Zeleny sedimentation volume, and to a lesser extent with protein content, wet gluten content and deformation energy in bread and durum wheat, and along with grain vitreousness in durum wheat, can serve for indirect selection

Influence of Ho doping on structural and magnetic behaviour of multiferroic BiFeO3

Magnetoelectric multiferroics, showing simultaneous ferroelectric and ferromagnetic ordering, have aroused wide attention in recent years, because they offer a wide range of potential applications in data storage media, spintronics and multi-state memories. The influence of Ho doping on the crystal structure and magnetic properties of bismuth ferrite (BFO) nanopowders was investigated. BiFeO3 and Bi1-xHoxFeO3 ultrafine nanopowders were synthesized by the hydrothermal method. Here we use simple, low-cost and energy-saving hydrothermal method, which has advantages over the conventional methods. The diffraction pattern was recorded at room temperature and atmospheric pressure in the absence of any reheating of the sample. A fitting refinement procedure using the Rietveld method was performed which showed the incorporation of Ho3+ ions in the BiFeO3 crystal lattice, where they substitute Bi3+ ions. All the samples belong to R3c space group. In addition, theoretical investigation using bond valence calculations have been performed in order to mimic pure and Ho doped BiFeO3 compounds produced in the experiment. Various BFO polymorphs were investigated as function of holmium concentration and final optimization of crystal structures has been performed on ab initio level using Density Functional Theory (DFT). Magnetic behaviour of synthesized materials was investigated by SQUID magnetometer in wide temperature interval (2–800 K). Splitting between the zero-field-cooled and fieldcooled magnetization curves becomes more pronounced as the Ho concentration is increased, pointing to the development of weak ferromagnetic moment, which is usually connected with uncompensated spins or spin canting. Hysteresis loops show the same fact, attaining higher magnetization with more Ho included, and becoming wider, i.e. magnetically harder.V Serbian Ceramic Society Conference : program and the book of abstracts; June 11-13, 2019; Belgrad

Laser ablation and chemical synthesis of bicomponent ZnO nanoparticles

The bicomponent nano particles draw attention of the researchers because introducing the second component into the crystal lattice of the nanoparticle we can tune physical properties of the material. One of the simplest and fastest method for synthesis of various bicomponent nanoparticles is by pulsed lasers ablation of the bulk material in water. For the synthesis of our bicomponent nanoparticles we use twostep process. The first step is to deposit a thin film of metal onto ZnO substrate using pulsed laser deposition in vacuum (PLD). The second step is to produce colloidal solution of nanoparticles by laser ablation in water (LAL) of metal coated ZnO. The ablating target was then scanned with laser beam in order to avoid heating of the target and to produce the high yield of bicomponent nanoparticles. The obtained nanoparticles were characterized using UV-VIS, XPS, SEM and XRD diagnostics. The second process that we used for synthetizing bicomponent zinc oxide nanoparticles was self-propagating room temperature reaction of zinc nitrate with sodium hydroxide with addition of (x=1; 3 and 5%) of AgNO3. The chemical composition of the produced nanoparticles is Zn1−xAgxO (x=0.01;0.05 and 0.05). After the reaction, obtained powder was calcinated at 1100 °C for 4 h in a furnace. The diffraction patterns were recorded at room temperature and atmospheric pressure in the absence of any re-heating of the samples. From the XRD spectra we found that no second phase were formed in the samples, the ions of silver are embedded into the crystal lattice of the nanoparticles. The bicomponent nanoparticles produced with these two methods are tested for the photocatalytic activity. We used UV lamp for irradiation of nanoparticle and organic dye (methylene blue – MB) mixture in a cuvette. The nanoparticles synthetized with both methods show good photocatalytic activity for degradation of organic dye

DIJAGNOZA HLAMIDIJALNE INFEKCIJE

Chlamydial infection affects young, sexually active persons. As the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection in the world, Chlamydia can lead to severe consequences in reproductive system, including chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy and tubal factor infertility. On the other hand, although in large number of women the immune response is capable of removing the pathogen, infection can ascendently spread to the upper reproductive tract where can develop into persistent infection. Diagnostic procedures for detecting chlamydial infection include direct and indirect methods. Localized acute infections are detected by direct pathogen detection using cell culture, tests for qualitative detection of antigens, hybridization tests and nucleic acid amplification tests. When the infection has passed on the upper genital tract, especially in the case of a developed persistent infection, the diagnosis is usually made by indirect methods - the detection of antibodies to chlamydial antigens. Direct pathogen detection in patient material is necessary for the diagnosis of an acute chlamydial infection. Of all direct diagnostic tests, nucleic acid amplification tests are the only tests recommended by European and American Center for Disease Control and Prevention which can be used for the diagnosis of an acute chlamydial infection. These tests are recommended for their high sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic speed. Indirect serological tests which detect immune response or antibodies specific to chlamydial antigens are recommended for the detection of persistent chlamydial infection. Serum samples are relatively easy to collect, while tissue samples from the place of persistent infection are often hard to reach or unavailable.Publishe