Coordinative Entities: Forms of Organizing in Data Intensive Science

Scientific collaboration is a long-standing subject of CSCW scholarship that typically focuses on the development and use of computing systems to facilitate research. The research presented in this article investigates the sociality of science by identifying and describing particular, common forms of organizing that researchers in four different scientific realms employ to conduct work in both local contexts and as part of distributed, global projects. This paper introduces five prototypical forms of organizing we categorize as coordinative entities: the Principal Group, Intermittent Exchange, Sustained Aggregation, Federation, and Facility Organization. Coordinative entities as a categorization help specify, articulate, compare, and trace overlapping and evolving arrangements scientists use to facilitate data intensive research. We use this typology to unpack complexities of data intensive scientific collaboration in four cases, showing how scientists invoke different coordinative entities across three types of research activities: data collection, processing, and analysis. Our contribution scrutinizes the sociality of scientific work to illustrate how these actors engage in relational work within and among diverse, dispersed forms of organizing across project, funding, and disciplinary boundaries

Gendering Bodies in Preschool: The Importance of the Interconnectedness of Race, Class, and Gender

The methods through which children learn to identify with a gender and its ascribed roles in United States society have been documented thoroughly in both psychology and sociology. Although there are many researchers who agree that gender roles are limiting, stereotypical expressions of gender, they exist and continued to be learned by children, nevertheless. How are children\u27s gender roles enforced? Why do children continue to grow up knowing what to attribute as masculine or feminine ? One interesting way that stereotypical gender roles are enforced is through processes that gender children\u27s bodies

Confined Animals and Public Environment.

4 p

Gendering Bodies in Preschool: The Importance of the Interconnectedness of Race, Class, and Gender

The methods through which children learn to identify with a gender and its ascribed roles in United States society have been documented thoroughly in both psychology and sociology. Although there are many researchers who agree that gender roles are limiting, stereotypical expressions of gender, they exist and continued to be learned by children, nevertheless. How are children\u27s gender roles enforced? Why do children continue to grow up knowing what to attribute as masculine or feminine ? One interesting way that stereotypical gender roles are enforced is through processes that gender children\u27s bodies

Global GMO Policy

The genetically modified organisms (GMOs) global policy landscape shows one of divergence not convergence. The United States stands on one side as strong advocates for GMOs through approval and production, while the European Union, on the other side, applies the precautionary principle to GMOs as they appear to be more cautious with GMO production. Due to this polarization, other countries are able to more easily develop their own unique policies, mostly falling somewhere in between the leniency towards approval of the United States and the rigidity towards approval of the European Union

Legal Aspects of Odor and Dust from Feedlots.

4 p

Feedlot Odor.

2 p

Development of a severe local storm prediction system: A 60-day test of a mesoscale primitive equation model

The progress and problems associated with the dynamical forecast system which was developed to predict severe storms are examined. The meteorological problem of severe convective storm forecasting is reviewed. The cascade hypothesis which forms the theoretical core of the nested grid dynamical numerical modelling system is described. The dynamical and numerical structure of the model used during the 1978 test period is presented and a preliminary description of a proposed multigrid system for future experiments and tests is provided. Six cases from the spring of 1978 are discussed to illustrate the model's performance and its problems. Potential solutions to the problems are examined

Ion implantation and low-temperature epitaxial regrowth of GaAs

Channeling and transmission electron microscopy have been used to investigate the parameters that govern the extent of damage in ion‐implanted GaAs and the crystal quality following capless furnace annealing at low temperature (∼400 °C). The implantation‐induced disorder showed a strong dependence on the implanted ion mass and on the substrate temperature during implantation. When the implantation produced a fully amorphous surface layer the main parameter governing the regrowth was the amorphous thickness. Formation of microtwins after annealing was observed when the initial amorphous layer was thicker than 400 Å. Also, the number of extended residual defects after annealing increased linearly with the initial amorphous thickness and extrapolation of that curve predicts good regrowth of very thin (<400 Å) GaAs amorphous layers produced by ion implantation. A model is presented to explain the observed features of the low‐temperature annealing of GaAs