Liste des rapporteurs en 2013 et 2014

La revue Travail et emploi remercie les rapporteurs qui ont contribué à l’évaluation des projets d’article soumis en 2013 et 2014 Sarah ABDELNOUR Élisabeth ALGAVA Anne-Marie ARBORIO Christelle AVRIL Samia BADJI François BAFOIL Olivier BAGUELIN Muriel BARLET Isabelle BASZANGER Melika BEN SALEM Antoine BEVORT Sylvie BLASCO Géraldine BLOY Isabel BONI-LE GOFF Annie BORZEIX Gerhard BOSCH Stephen BOUQUIN Thomas BRODATY Cécile BROUSSE Anne-Sophie BRUNO Jean-Paul CADET José CALDERON Patrick CASTEL Sy..

Flexible Language Interoperability

Virtual machines raise the abstraction level of the execution environment at the cost of restricting the set of supported languages. Moreover, the ability of a language implementation to integrate with other languages hosted on the same virtual machine typically constrains the features of the language. In this paper, we present a highly flexible yet efficient approach to hosting multiple programming languages on an objectoriented virtual machine. Our approach is based on extending the interface of each class with language-specific wrapper methods, offering each language a tailored view of a given class. This approach can be deployed both on a statically typed virtual machine, such as the JVM, and on a dynamic virtual machine, such as a Smalltalk virtual machine. We have implemented our approach to language interoperability on top of a prototype virtual machine for embedded systems based on the Smalltalk object model, which provides interoperability for embedded versions of the Smalltalk, Java, and BETA programming languages

Survival of animal and human associated <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> in drinking water and biofilms

Land slugs are occasionally observed as contaminants in groundwater wells and drinking water treatment plants including storage tanks. Slugs may feed on carrion and feces, and they are potential vectors of pathogens such as Listeria monocytogenes. We isolated L monocytogenes from the pest slug Arion vulgaris and examined the persistence and survival of human- and slug-derived L. monocytogenes in groundwater-based drinking water and biofilms. L monocytogenes survival was evaluated using cultivation and cultivation-independent techniques. L monocytogenes remained culturable for 35-47 days in drinking water with first-order decay rates between 0.314 and 0.457 hr1 (T99 &gt;10 days). Attachment of L monocytogenes to filter sand delayed washout from drinking water filters and increased persistence 2-3-fold. Indigenous biofilms stimulated initial surface attachment 10-100-fold butL. monocytogenes declined more rapidly in drinking water biofilms compared with virgin filters not colonized by microorganisms. Grazing by protozoa likely attenuated L monocytogenes survival in some drinking water biofilms. A comparable survival pattern was observed for L monocytogenes and the fecal indicator bacterium E. coli. The study suggests that live L monocytogenes can persist for weeks as sessile organisms in groundwater-based drinking water supplies and may subsequently be released to the drinking water.</p