Geographic variation in quantitative skull traits in the genus Myoprocta Thomas, 1903 (Rodentia, Dasyproctidae) and its taxonomic implications

The genus Myoprocta Thomas, 1903 includes two living species of medium-sized caviomorph rodents of the family Dasyproctidae, the red acouchi, Myoprocta acouchy (Erxleben 1777), and the green acouchi, Myoprocta pratti Pocock 1913. Whereas some recent revisionary work has considered both species to be allopatrically distributed, other reports suggest that both taxa co-occur in eastern Colombia. In this contribution, I revaluate some qualitative and quantitative skull traits within Myoprocta to clarify its taxonomy and distribution. Multivariate analyses of quantitative skull characters support the distinction between M. acouchy and M. pratti, contradicting the findings of some previous authors. Based on these results and the examination of ~100 skins, I concur with the hypothesis that the two species are allopatrically distributed.Fil: Teta, Pablo Vicente. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; Argentin

Notes on the taxonomy of mountain viscachas of the genus Lagidium Meyen 1833 (Rodentia: Chinchillidae)

El género Lagidium Meyen 1833 incluye más de 20 formas nominales, la mayoría de ellas basadas en uno o dos ejemplares, descriptas entre finales del siglo XVIII y principios del XX. Revisiones posteriores redujeron este número a tres o cuatro especies, dependiendo del autor. Más recientemente, el uso de técnicas moleculares ha demostrado que esos números tampoco son representativos de la diversidad real de este género. Lagidium viscacia (Molina 1782) es un taxón ampliamente distribuido, con poblaciones desde el oeste de Bolivia hasta el sur de Argentina y Chile. Sin embargo, su variación morfológica y geográfica no ha sido evaluada con metodologías modernas y series extensas de ejemplares. En este trabajo se revisaron > 100 individuos, incluyendo pieles y cráneos colectados principalmente en Argentina. Se realizaron análisis multivariados (i. e., análisis de componentes principales, discriminantes) sobre un subconjunto de 55 ejemplares adultos agrupados según su procedencia geográfica y a partir de 16 medidas cráneo-dentarias. En los análisis de componentes principales y discriminantes se registró una superposición moderada entre individuos de distintas localidades del sur de Argentina por un lado y del noroeste de Argentina, oeste de Bolivia y norte de Chile por el otro. La coloración externa, a pesar de ser muy variable, mostró una predominancia de tonos grises hacia el sur de Argentina y amarillentos hacia el noroeste. Los especímenes del sur de Argentina, aquí referidos como L. moreni, se distinguieron por su mayor tamaño general, sus nasales más anchos y expandidos en su mitad anterior y por tener la raíz dorsal del proceso cigomático del maxilar angosta. Por el contrario, los ejemplares del noroeste de Argentina, que aquí optamos por mantener dentro del concepto de L. viscacia, poseen un menor tamaño general, los nasales angostos y sin expansiones y la raíz dorsal del proceso cigomático del maxilar ancha.Mountain viscachas of the genus Lagidium Meyen 1833 are medium-to-large hystricomorph rodents (1.5 -- 3 kg) that live in rocky outcrops from Ecuador to southern Argentina and Chile. Lagidium includes more than 20 nominal forms, most of them based on one or two individuals, which were first described during the 18th and 20th. Subsequent revisions reduced the number of species to three to four, depending upon the author. Within the genus, Lagidium viscacia (Molina, 1782) is the most widely distributed species, with populations apparently extended from western Bolivia to southern Argentina and Chile. We reviewed > 100 individuals of Lagidium, including skins and skulls, most of them collected in Argentina. We performed multivariate statistical analysis (i. e., principal component analysis [PCA], discriminant analysis [DA]) on a subset of 55 adult individuals grouped according to their geographical origin, using 16 skull and tooth measurements. In addition, we searched for differences in cranial anatomy across populations. PCA and DA indicate a moderate overlap between individuals from southern Argentina, on one hand, and northwestern Argentina, western Bolivia and northern Chile, on the other. The external coloration, although variable, showed a predominance of gray shades in southern Argentina and yellowish gray in northwestern Argentina. Specimens of southern Argentina were characterized by their bigger overall size, nasals expanded in its front half, and narrow dorsal root of the zygomatic process of the maxillary, while those of northwestern Argentina were smaller, with nasals lacking expansions and the dorsal root of the zygomatic process of the maxillary broad. Our study provides coincident results from quantitative and qualitative morphology that allow us to clearly differentiate southern Argentinean populations of Lagidium viscacia from those of northwestern Argentina and western Bolivia. The oldest available name for the populations from southern Argentina, sometimes referred as L. boxi, is moreni, a taxon with an unclear type locality. The status of the populations from northwestern Argentina and western Bolivia is relatively more complex, since at least eight nominal forms were described from this general area and because our sampling is far from being extensive. In addition, is also unclear if these populations correspond to one or more species, as well as their degree of differentiation from L. viscacia s. s. Without analyzing topotypes of all nominal forms and adequate samples across the entire distribution range, it is premature to put forward a formal taxonomic proposal; as such, at this moment we prefer to maintain those populations from northwestern Argentina, western Bolivia and central Chile under L. viscacia.Fil: Teta, Pablo Vicente. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; ArgentinaFil: Lucero, Sergio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; Argentin

Mammalia, Didelphimorphia and Rodentia, southwest of the province of Mendoza, Argentina

We documented terrestrial micromammal assemblages at five localities of southwestern Mendoza province, Argentina. We added new localities for several of the most uncommon small mammal species of this region (e.g. Loxodontomys micropus and Tympanoctomys barrerae). Two main groups of terrestrial non-volant micromammals are represented in southwestern province of Mendoza: one group is related to the South American arid diagonal, and includes species typically adapted to the xeric environments of the Monte Desert; a second group includes Patagonian and High Andean species. Some Patagonian species reached in the study area their northernmost distributional records (e.g. Abrothrix longipilis, A. olivaceus, Chelemys macronyx, Loxodontomys micropus).Fil: Pardiñas, Ulises Francisco J.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; ArgentinaFil: Teta, Pablo Vicente. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Udrizar Sauthier, Daniel Edgardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; Argentin

Effect of environmental factors on the abundance variations of two native rodents in agricultural systems of Buenos Aires, Argentina

Our aim was to assess the effect of environmental factors on short temporal abundance variations of the two most abundant native rodents of agricultural agroecosystems, Akodon azarae and Calomys laucha. We conducted a 3-year longitudinal sampling of rodents, and recorded meteorological data such as temperature and precipitation, predation rate by Leopardus geoffroyi, Tyto furcata and Athene cunicularia, vegetation cover and height, characteristics of cropfields and their borders. The effect of these factors on rodent abundance was evaluated through generalized linear mixed models. Abundance variations of both rodent species were explained by characteristics of both cropfields and their borders. At the studied temporal scale, meteorological variables did not have a direct effect on abundance variations, but probably influenced through vegetation characteristics and were expressed in seasonal variations. For A. azarae there was also an effect of predation by L. geoffroyi (positive) and T. furcata (negative), while predation by A. cunicularia did not contribute to explain abundance variations of any species.Fil: Guidobono, Juan Santiago. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Cueto, Gerardo Ruben. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Teta, Pablo Vicente. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”; ArgentinaFil: Busch, Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires; Argentin

Morphology, taxonomy and zoogeography of Argentinean mammals: A tribute to José Yepes

Esta sección especial de la Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales nueva serie coincide con el 90 aniversario de la incorporación del Dr. José Yepes (1897-1976) al frente de la Colección Nacional de Mastozoología. En esta introducción, repasamos el contenido de los trabajos que componen la presente sección, con la cual pretendemos rendirle homenaje a esta notable -pero a la vez poco conocida- figura de la mastozoología en Argentina.This special section of the Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales nueva serie coincides with the 90th anniversary of the incorporation of Dr. José Yepes (1897-1976) at the head of the Colección Nacional de Mastozoología. In this introduction, we review the content of the contributions that make up this section, with which we intend to honor this remarkable - although at the same time little known - figure of the mammalogy in Argentina.Fil: Cassini, Guillermo Hernán. Universidad Nacional de Luján; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”; ArgentinaFil: Teta, Pablo Vicente. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”; Argentin

First report on the diet of the common barn owl (<i>tyto alba</i>) from Ñeembucú Department, Paraguay

Se documentan los hábitos alimentarios de la Lechuza de Campanario (<i>Tyto alba</i>) en el sur de Paraguay, sobre la base de 35 egagrópilas recolectadas en la ciudad de Pilar, departamento Ñeembucú (26°52'S, 58°23'O). La dieta estuvo compuesta mayormente por roedores muroideos, con porcentajes menores de marsupiales, murciélagos y aves. Los sigmodontinos <i>Holochilus chacarius</i> y <i>Oligoryzomys sp</i>. representaron conjuntamente más del 59% de las presas consumidas. La amplitud de nicho trófico, estimada a partir del Índice de Levins, fue de 4.14. El promedio geométrico del peso de las presas consumidas fue de 81.24 g.We report the food habits of the Common Barn Owl (<i>Tyto alba</i>) in Pilar, Ñeembucú Department, Paraguay (26°52'S, 58°23'O). By inspecting 35 pellets we found 107 prey items. The diet consisted mainly of muroid rodents, with low frequencies of marsupials, bats, and birds. The sigmodontines <i>Holochilus chacarius</i> and <i>Oligoryzomys sp</i>. were the main prey species, accounting for more than 59% of the total prey items. Levins´s Index of food niche breadth was 4.14, and the geometric mean prey weight was 81.24 g

Uncovering the species diversity of subterranean rodents at the end of the World: three new species of Patagonian tuco-tucos (Rodentia, Hystricomorpha, Ctenomys)

Ctenomys Blainville 1826 is one of the most diverse genera of South American caviomorph rodents. Currently, six species of this genus are reported from Patagonia, south of 42◦S. In this contribution, we assessed the taxonomic status of several populations from eastern and central Chubut province, northern Patagonia. Based on phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences, morphology assessment (qualitative and quantitative), and previously published karyological data, we describe three new species of this genus, one formed by two subspecies, endemic to northern Patagonia. In addition, we include C. coyhaiquensis Kelt and Gallardo 1994 into the synonymy of C. sericeus J.A. Allen 1903. Finally, we discussed the need for additional integrative approaches, including field collection of specimens, to better understand the diversity of this highly speciose rodent genus.Fil: Teta, Pablo Vicente. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; ArgentinaFil: D Elía, Guillermo. Universidad Austral de Chile; Chil

Ctenomys conoveri Osgood, 1946 (Rodentia, Ctenomyidae), a new mammal for Argentina

Se presenta el primer registro de Ctenomys conoveri Osgood, 1946 (Rodentia, Ctenomyidae) para Argentina a partir de un ejemplar colectado en río Itiyuro (22°30 ‘S, 63° 30‘O), Tonono, Salta, en 1950. La especie era previamente conocida del sur de Bolivia y el oeste Paraguay. Se desconoce la situación actual de las poblaciones argentinas, si es que todavía existen. El nuevo registro destaca lanecesidad de realizar nuevos relevamientos mastozoológicos en el Chaco Seco.We present the first record for Ctenomys conoveri Osgood, 1946 (Rodentia, Ctenomyidae) for Argentina from a specimen collected at Itiyuro river (22 ° 30 ‘S, 63 ° 30’O), Tonono, Salta, in 1950. This species was previously known for southern Bolivia and western Paraguay. The current status of the Argentine populations, if they still exist, is unknown. This new record highlights the need for conducting new mammalogical surveys in the Dry Chaco.Fil: Teta, Pablo Vicente. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ; ArgentinaFil: Ríos, Sergio Daniel. Secretaría Nacional de Cultura. Departamento de Arqueología y Paleontología; Paraguay. Museo Nacional de Historia Natural del Paraguay; Paragua

The taxonomic status of Oligoryzomys brendae Massoia, 1998 (Rodentia, Cricetidae), with comments on the availability of this name

Oligoryzomys brendae was poorly described by Massoia in 1998 to include populations of the large form of Oligoryzomys that inhabits the Yungas and high altitudinal grasslands of northwestern Argentina, which were previously referred as O. longicaudatus, O. stolzmanni, O. destructor or Oligoryzomys sp. Contrary to some interpretations, we state that the name O. brendae is available, given that it fully accomplishes the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. We also present morphologic and genetic evidence showing that this taxon represents a distinct species and provide an emended diagnosis and re-description of it. In addition, the evidence at hand indicates that O. brendae is the only large-sized species of Oligoryzomys inhabiting northwestern Argentina.Fil: Teta, Pablo Vicente. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico; ArgentinaFil: Jayat, Jorge Pablo. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto de Ecología Regional. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto de Ecología Regional.; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Chilecito; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Ortiz, Pablo Edmundo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Correlación Geológica. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo. Departamento de Geología. Cátedra Geología Estructural. Instituto Superior de Correlación Geológica; ArgentinaFil: D'elía, Guillermo. Universidad Austral de Chile; Chil

Systematic position of Akodon (Abrothrix) kermacki and A. (Ab.) magnus (Rodentia, Cricetidae) from the plio-pleistocene of Southeastern Buenos Aires, Argentina

The taxonomic status of the fossil sigmodontine rodents Akodon (Abrothrix) kermacki Reig 1978 and A. (Ab.) magnus Reig 1987 (PlioPleistocene, Buenos Aires Province) was revised. Based on molar morphology and other cranial traits of the type specimens, and considering the current defi nition of the Abrotrichini, we suggest that both taxa are not member of this tribe. These fossil forms are preliminarily referred to Akodontini, pending of further studies for a fi nal taxonomic identity. In addition, some biogeographical considerations about the Abrotrichini evolution based on this new taxonomic scenario are presented.O status taxonômico dos roedores sigmodontinos fósseis Akodon (Abrothrix) kermacki Reig 1978 e A. (Ab.) magnus Reig 1987 (Plio-Pleistoceno, Província de Buenos Aires) foi estudado. A morfologia dos molares e outras características da anatomia craniana sugerem que ambos os táxons não são Abrotrichini, pelo menos esta tribo está composta atualmente. Preliminarmente, ambas as formas extintas são incluídas na tribo Akodontini. Entretanto, mais estudos são necessários para testar esta interpretação. Além disso, são apresentadas algumas considerações biogeográfi cas sobre a evolução dos Abrotrichini baseadas neste novo cenário taxonômico.Fil: Teta, Pablo Vicente. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico; ArgentinaFil: Pardiñas, Ulises Francisco J.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico; ArgentinaFil: Ortiz, Pablo Edmundo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Instituto Superior de Correlación Geológica. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo. Departamento de Geología. Cátedra Geología Estructural. Instituto Superior de Correlación Geológica; Argentin