Produção de biocompostos com atividade antimicrobiana de Streptomyces sp. ante isolados de mastite caprina

Actinomicetos são um dos principais produtores de enzimas, vitaminas e metabólitos secundários, destacando-se o gênero Streptomyces, o qual tem uma ampla capacidade de produção de antibióticos eficazes no combate a diferentes microrganismos, entre eles o Staphylococcus sp. Em virtude dessa eficiência no combate a patógenos, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produção de metabólitos com atividade antimicrobiana produzidos por 67 Streptomyces isolados de liquens da região amazônica, ante isolados de mastite caprina (Staphylococcus aureus) do estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. Foi utilizado um planejamento fatorial para avaliar a influência das fontes de carbono (glicose) 0%, 0,5% e 1% e de nitrogênio (farinha de soja) 1%, 2,5% e 4% na produção dos antimicrobianos, bem como das variáveis pH, biomassa e atividade antimicrobiana. Dos Streptomyces estudados, o DPUA 1566 foi o que se destacou por formação de halos de inibição entre 18 e 26mm ante os isolados de mastite caprina. Foi possível verificar que a fonte de carbono inibiu a produção de antimicrobianos quando submetidos a uma concentração de glicose de 1%; com a retirada desta, os Streptomyces apresentaram uma elevada capacidade de produção de metabólitos com atividade antimicrobiana tendo potencial para o tratamento de mastite caprina

Implementation of a Brazilian Cardioprotective Nutritional (BALANCE) Program for improvement on quality of diet and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events: A randomized, multicenter trial

Background: Appropriate dietary recommendations represent a key part of secondary prevention in cardiovascular disease (CVD). We evaluated the effectiveness of the implementation of a nutritional program on quality of diet, cardiovascular events, and death in patients with established CVD. Methods: In this open-label, multicenter trial conducted in 35 sites in Brazil, we randomly assigned (1:1) patients aged 45 years or older to receive either the BALANCE Program (experimental group) or conventional nutrition advice (control group). The BALANCE Program included a unique nutritional education strategy to implement recommendations from guidelines, adapted to the use of affordable and regional foods. Adherence to diet was evaluated by the modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index. The primary end point was a composite of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular death, cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, stroke, myocardial revascularization, amputation, or hospitalization for unstable angina. Secondary end points included biochemical and anthropometric data, and blood pressure levels. Results: From March 5, 2013, to Abril 7, 2015, a total of 2534 eligible patients were randomly assigned to either the BALANCE Program group (n = 1,266) or the control group (n = 1,268) and were followed up for a median of 3.5 years. In total, 235 (9.3%) participants had been lost to follow-up. After 3 years of follow-up, mean modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index (scale 0-70) was only slightly higher in the BALANCE group versus the control group (26.2 ± 8.4 vs 24.7 ± 8.6, P <.01), mainly due to a 0.5-serving/d greater intake of fruits and of vegetables in the BALANCE group. Primary end point events occurred in 236 participants (18.8%) in the BALANCE group and in 207 participants (16.4%) in the control group (hazard ratio, 1.15; 95% CI 0.95-1.38; P =.15). Secondary end points did not differ between groups after follow-up. Conclusions: The BALANCE Program only slightly improved adherence to a healthy diet in patients with established CVD and had no significant effect on the incidence of cardiovascular events or death. © 2019 The Author