Climatology of easterly wave disturbances over the tropical South Atlantic

A 21-yr climatology of Easterly Waves Disturbances (EWDs) over the Tropical South Atlantic (TSA) has been examined using data from the European Centers for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF) interim reanalysis (ERAI) and satellite data. This includes the frequency distribution of EWDs and their interannual variability. The large-scale environment associated with EWDs has been investigated for the coastal region of Northeast Brazil (NEB) for the rainy (April-August) season using a composite analysis. To better understand the life cycle of EWDs, an automated tracking scheme has been used to track vorticity centers associated with the EWDs in the ERAI data. EWDs were first identified in ERAI, resulting in 518 observed cases. These were found to show notable interannual variability with around 16-40 episodes by year and with average lifetime of 4-6 days. Of the identified EWDs, 97% reached the coast of NEB, of which 64% were convective in nature and 14% moved across the NEB region and reached the Amazon. The annual occurrence of EWDs seems to be lower (higher) during El Niño (La Niña). The monthly occurrence of EWDs shows higher activity in the rainy season. EWDs originate in association with five types of system: cold fronts, convective clusters from the west coast of Africa, Intertropical Convergence Zone and Tropical Upper Tropospheric Cyclonic Vortices. The composite analysis presents strong relative vorticity (RV) and divergence anomalies at low levels, as well as in the vertical profiles of relative humidity and vertical velocity (omega). The precipitation composites show that the EWDs propagate between the TSA and NEB and contribute at least 60% of the total rainfall over the east coast of NEB throughout the rainy season

Prospecto analítico da cadeia produtiva do palmito de pupunheira (Bactris gasipaes) no Estado do Pará.

Publicado também: FRAZÃO, D. A. C.; HOMMA, A. K. O; VIÉGAS, I. de J. M. (Ed.). Contribuição ao desenvolvimento da fruticultura na Amazônia. Belém, PA: Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, 2006. p. 639-644

Influência da adição de soro de queijo minas frescal de cabra na aceitação de bebidas lácteas sabor chocolate preparadas com leite de cabra.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a aceitação de bebidas lácteas sabor chocolate preparadas com leite de cabra e soro de queijo minas frescal caprino, visando o aproveitamento do soro proveniente da produção de queijos. Pode-se concluir que as variações de percentual de soro de queijo das bebidas lácteas sabor chocolate avaliadas não são percebidas pelo consumidor, levando em conta os aspectos sensoriais estudados. A bebida que recebeu o maior percentual de soro (tratamento A) foi a melhor avaliada sensorialmente e com relação à intenção de compra, mostrando que a estratégia de aproveitamento do soro de queijos caprinos na fabricação de bebidas lácteas é eficiente

Agronomic performance of BRS Melodia seedless table grape grafted onto different rootstock.

The seedless table grape ‘BRS Melodia’ stands out for its pink color and the special flavor of red berries, which make for commercial classification as gourmet type grapes. Cultivation of this new table grape cultivar is expanding in the São Francisco Valley, in the Brazilian Northeast region. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the rootstock on vigor, on yield components, and on physicochemical characteristics of ‘BRS Melodia’ grapes grown under the semi-arid tropical conditions of the São Francisco Valley. The experiment was carried out under irrigated cultivation in a commercial area in the municipality of Casa Nova, Bahia, Brazil, from 2021 to 2023. Treatments consisted of the rootstocks 101-14 MgT, IAC 313, IAC 572, IAC 766, Paulsen 1103, Ramsey, SO4, and Teleki 5C in a randomized block experimental design with four replications. There was no effect of the rootstock on the following variables: branch and leaf fresh matter, sprouting percentage, total soluble solids content (SS), titratable acidity (TA), and SS/TA ratio. ‘BRS Melodia’ grapevines had high vigor regardless of the rootstock used. The Ramsey rootstock led to reduced bud fertility compared to IAC 572 and IAC 766. As the vines advanced in age, the rootstocks IAC 572 and IAC 766 provided the highest yields and number of clusters per vine. The physicochemical characteristics of the ‘BRS Melodia’ grapes meet the standards required for commercialization on all the rootstocks used

Danos causados por bovinos em diferentes espécies arbóreas recomendadas para sistemas silvipastoris.

Três espécies arbóreas foram avaliadas quanto aos danos causados por bovinos em pastejo em um sistema silvipastoril implantado na região subtropical do Brasil. As espécies Schinus terebinthifolius (Raddi), Grevillea robusta (A. Cunn. ex R.Br) e Eucalyptus dunnii (Maiden), foram plantadas em linhas simples, arranjadas em 14 m x 3 m, para comporem um sistema agrossilvipastoril. Durante os primeiros três anos a área foi utilizada para produção de grãos em sistema de cultivo em aléias (silviagrícola). Após 41 meses do plantio das árvores, o gado foi introduzido pela primeira vez na área. Cinco classes de intensidade de danos foram estabelecidas: sem dano, baixa, média, alta e extrema. Os danos causados à casca do tronco das árvores no sistema foram maiores do que os causados às copas. As árvores de S. terebinthifolius foram as mais danificadas pelos bovinos. A manutenção de S. terebinthifolius em sistema silvipastoril não é recomendada pelo dano que o gado impõe às árvores

Effects of high intensity interval training on neuro-cardiovascular dynamic changes and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by high-fat diet in rats

This research was supported by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technologic Development (CNPq) (Grant number: 474116/2008-5) and Carlos Chagas Filho Foundation for Research Support in the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) (Grant number: E-26/ 111.732/2011), both received by Eliete Bouskela. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Bilayer mucoadhesive buccal film for mucosal ulcers treatment: development, characterization, and single study case

The formation of mucosal ulcers is an end result of epithelial damage, and it occurs due to some specific causes, such as trauma, aphthous stomatitis, lichen planus and lichenoid reactions, cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy and radiation, and drug-induced hypersensitivity reactions and malignant settings. This study focused on films for target drug delivery with respect to the treatment of the diseases of the oral mucosa, specifically mucositis. The results of a single clinical study as a pre-experimental design was performed and followed up to the outcome until 30 days. The polymeric film was prepared in a mucoadhesive bilayer structure: the basal layer with lidocaine HCl had a faster release than the apical layer with benzydamine HCl and N-acetyl-cysteine. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and SEM characterized the physical–chemical and morphological properties. The cell viability and cytotoxicity were evaluated in cell line MCF7. The transport mechanism of the solvent (swelling) and the drugs in the basal or apical layer (drug release) was explained with mathematical models. To evaluate the effect of movement inside the mouth, the folding endurance was determined. The mucoadhesive bilayer film is biologically safe and stimulates cellular proliferation. A single study in vivo demonstrated the therapeutic effect of the mucoadhesive bilayer film in buccal mucositis.The authors express their gratitude to financial support from CAPES/PROSUP-Brazil; Sao Paulo Research Foundation 2011/21219-5; Sao Paulo Research Foundation. 2018/13432-0; Sao Paulo Research Foundation. 2018/11350-6; National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) 425271/2016-1.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Fertilidade de gemas de seleções de uvas sem sementes no Vale do São Francisco.

O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar o índice de fertilidade de gemas de cinco seleções de melhoramento de uvas de mesa em dois ciclos de produção no Vale do São Francisco