Statistical Study of the Blue Straggler Properties in Galactic Globular Clusters

In this paper we report on the most significant results from a statistical analysis of the main properties of globular cluster blue straggler stars (BSS) extracted from the HST snapshot database of photometrically homogeneous CMDs (Piotto et al. 2002). The BSS relative frequency presents a significant anticorrelation with the collisional rate and with the cluster total absolute luminosity.Comment: 2 pages, 1 figure, A.S.P. Conf. Ser., in press in Vol. 296, 200

Observational Evidence of Multiple Stellar Populations in Globular Clusters

AbstractAn increasing number of photometric observations of multiple stellar populations in Galactic globular clusters is seriously challenging the paradigm of GCs hosting single, simple stellar populations. These multiple populations manifest themselves in a split of different evolutionary sequences as observed in the cluster color-magnitude diagrams. In this paper we will summarize the observational scenario

High resolution kinematics of galactic globular clusters. II. On the significance of velocity dispersion measurements

Small number statistics may heavily affect the structure of the broadening function in integrated spectra of galactic globular cluster centers. As a consequence, it is a priori unknown how closely line broadening measure- ments gauge the intrinsic velocity dispersions at the cores of these stel- lar systems. We have tackled this general problem by means of Monte Carlo simulations. An examination of the mode and the frequency distribution of the measured values of the simulations indicates that the low value measured for the velocity dispersion of M30 (Zaggia etal 1992) is likely a reliable estimate of the velocity dispersion at the center of this cluster. The same methodology applied to the case of M15 suggests that the steep inward rise of the velocity dispersion found by Peterson, Seitzer and Cudworth (1989) is real, although less pronounced. Large-aperture observa- tions are less sensitive to statistical fluctuations, but are unable to detect strong variations in the dispersion wich occur within the aperture itself.Comment: 6 pages, 8 figures upon request, Latex A&A style version 3.0, DAPD-20

Revising the ages of planet-hosting stars

This article aims to measure the age of planet-hosting stars (SWP) through stellar tracks and isochrones computed with the \textsl{PA}dova \& T\textsl{R}ieste \textsl{S}tellar \textsl{E}volutionary \textsl{C}ode (PARSEC). We developed algorithms based on two different techniques for determining the ages of field stars: \emph{isochrone placement} and \emph{Bayesian estimation}. Their application to a synthetic sample of coeval stars shows the intrinsic limits of each method. For instance, the Bayesian computation of the modal age tends to select the extreme age values in the isochrones grid. Therefore, we used the isochrone placement technique to measure the ages of 317 SWP. We found that $\sim6\%$ of SWP have ages lower than 0.5 Gyr. The age distribution peaks in the interval [1.5, 2) Gyr, then it decreases. However, $\sim7\%$ of the stars are older than 11 Gyr. The Sun turns out to be a common star that hosts planets, when considering its evolutionary stage. Our SWP age distribution is less peaked and slightly shifted towards lower ages if compared with ages in the literature and based on the isochrone fit. In particular, there are no ages below 0.5 Gyr in the literature.Comment: 16 pages, 18 figures. Accepted by A&

The red giant branches of Galactic globular clusters in the [(V-I)o,Mv] plane: metallicity indices and morphology

The purpose of this study is to carry out a thorough investigation of the changes in morphology of the red giant branch (RGB) of Galactic globular clusters (GGC) as a function of metallicity, in the V,I bands. To this aim, two key points are developed in the course of the analysis. (a) Using our photometric V,I database for Galactic globular clusters (the largest homogeneous data sample to date; Rosenberg et al. 1999) we measure a complete set of metallicity indices, based on the morphology and position of the red-giant branch. In particular, we provide here the first calibration of the S, DV_(1.1) and DV_(1.4) indices in the (V-I,V) plane. We show that our indices are internally consistent, and we calibrate each index in terms of metallicity, both on the Zinn & West (1984) and the Carretta & Gratton (1997) scales. Our new calibrations of the (V-I)o,g, DV_(1.2), (V-I)_(-3.0) and (V-I)_(-3.5) indices are consistent with existing relations. (b) Using a grid of selected RGB fiducial points, we define a function in the {(V-I)o,Mi,[Fe/H]} space which is able to reproduce the whole set of GGC giant branches in terms of a single parameter (the metallicity). As a first test, we show that the function is able to predict the correct trend of our observed indices with metallicity. The usage of this function will improve the current determinations of metallicity and distances within the Local Group, since it allows to easily map [(V-I)o,Mi] coordinates into {[Fe/H],Mi} ones. To this aim the ``synthetic'' RGB distribution is generated both for the currently used Lee et al. (1990) distance scale, and for the most recent results on the RR Lyr distance scale.Comment: 14 pages, 11 PS figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics, main journa

The relative ages of LMC old clusters, and the case of NGC 1841

Using archival HST/WFPC2 imaging of 7 LMC globular clusters, and following the methods outlined in our previous study, we have reached the tightest constrain so far on their age dispersion, which cannot be greater than ~ 0.5 Gyr. We also confirm earlier results that their average age is comparable to that of the metal-poor Galactic globulars. Evidence is also provided that NGC 1841 is younger than the rest of LMC globulars.Comment: 2 pages, 1 figure, requires newpasp.sty. To appear in "New Horizons in Globular Cluster Astronomy", Giampaolo Piotto, George Meylan, George Djorgovski and Marco Riello, ed

The first search for variable stars in the open cluster NGC 6253 and its surrounding field

This work presents the first high-precision variability survey in the field of the intermediate-age, metal--rich open cluster NGC 6253. Clusters of this type are benchmarks for stellar evolution models. Continuous photometric monitoring of the cluster and its surrounding field was performed over a time span of ten nights using the Wide Field Imager mounted at the ESO-MPI 2.2m telescope. High-quality timeseries, each composed of about 800 datapoints, were obtained for 250,000 stars using ISIS and DAOPHOT packages. Candidate members were selected by using the colour-magnitude diagrams and period-luminosity-colour relations. Membership probabilities based on the proper motions were also used. The membership of all the variables discovered within a radius of 8 arcmin from the centre is discussed by comparing the incidence of the classes in the cluster direction and in the surrounding field. We discovered 595 variables and we also characterized most of them providing their variability classes, periods, and amplitudes. The sample is complete for short periods: we classified 20 pulsating variables, 225 contact systems, 99 eclipsing systems (22 Beta Lyr type, 59 Beta Per type, 18 RS CVn type), and 77 rotational variables. The time-baseline hampered the precise characterization of 173 variables with periods longer than 4-5 days. Moreover, we found a cataclysmic system undergoing an outburst of about 2.5 mag. We propose a list of 35 variable stars (8 contact systems, 2 eclipsing systems, 15 rotational variables, 9 long-period variables and the cataclysmic variable) as probable members of NGC 6253.Comment: Astronomy and Astrophysics, in press. Extended version with tables and light curve