332 research outputs found
Influence of taste sensitivity in diet choices and obesity among children.
Introduction: The prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity in Portugal is about 35% (Rito et al., 2012). Lifestyle and dietary habits are important risk factors for weight gain. Food choice and acceptance greatly relies on food perception. The evaluation of taste sensitivity in children and its relation to dietary choices and Body Mass Index (BMI) will be important in a context of obesity prevention. Nonetheless, methodologies for accessing taste sensitivity in children needs to be optimized and adjusted and in Portugal there is not an established protocol.
Objectives: To test and optimize a protocol for sweet and bitter taste sensitivity, in Portuguese children, adapted from a protocol already used in German children (Knof et al., 2011).
Methods: 20 children, 12 boys and 8 girls, with ages between 8 and 10 years old, were presented with 5 concentrations of sweet (3 – 16 g/L sucrose) and 5 concentrations of bitter taste solutions (0,05 – 0,25 g/L caffeine) and asked for selected the ones perceived as different from water.
Results: Test conditions, both the type of presentation and time of tests, resulted for children with the ages tested. For sweet taste, the number and range of concentrations from test solutions appeared to be adequate in the age group between 8 and 10 years. For bitter taste in 80% of children the answers were not consensual with the range of concentrations.
Conclusions: The results from the present work suggest that the concentrations used for access bitter taste sensitivity in children from other countries are not sensed by Portuguese children, showing the importance of adjusting adequate concentrations according to sociocultural habits. This may be possible being due to the complex pathway for bitter taste transduction
The Okavango; a river supporting its people, environment and economic development
The Okavango basin comprises the Cuito and Cubango active catchment areas in Angola, in addition to the Kavango–Okavango non-active catchment in northern Namibia and Botswana. The Okavango River water and its ecosystem resources are critically important sources of livelihoods for people in the basin. Pressures from livelihoods and development are already impacting on the environment. These pressures may increase in the future due to the rapid increase in population, the peace process and associated resettlement activities in Angola, and major development initiatives in Botswana and Namibia. For instance, possible future increase in water abstraction from the Okavango River may affect the long-term environmental sustainability of the Okavango Delta by minimizing channel shifting and thereby reducing spatial biodiversity. The paper argues that while conservation of the natural environment is critical, the pressing development needs must be recognized. The reduction of poverty within the basin should be addressed in order to alleviate adverse effects on the environment. The paper recommends that the development of sustainable tourism and community-based natural resource management initiatives may be appropriate strategies for reaching the Millennium Development Goals of poverty alleviation and achievement of environmental sustainability in the Okavango Basin. These initiatives have a comparative advantage in this area as demonstrated by the performance of the existing projects
SIMULAÇÃO DA HIDRODINÂMICA E DISPERSÃO DE POLUENTES COM MONITORAMENTO VIRTUAL NO RIO MATAPI - AP
No presente trabalho foram realizadas simulações numéricas, para um ciclo de maré semidiurna, do escoamento de um trecho do rio Matapi, afluente do rio Amazonas, próximo às cidades de Santana e Macapá. O objetivo geral foi avaliar o comportamento espacial e temporal do escoamento e de potenciais fontes poluentes na foz do rio Matapi e confluência com o rio Amazonas. O trecho em questão envolve o Distrito Industrial de Santana, região de potencial ocorrência de derrames de compostos poluentes. Foram simuladas as condições dos escoamentos naturais causadas por movimentos de marés e que influenciam fortemente o comportamento dos constituintes passivos da água. Os resultados são apresentados na forma de campos hidrodinâmicos em regime transiente e campos de concentração de poluentes associados aos primeiros. As informações são úteis para observar a permanência de poluentes no trecho e devem servir de base para o planejamento de disposição de águas residuárias industriais nessa região, o que envolve as áreas de engenharia sanitária, engenharia ambiental e saúde pública. A compreensão da permanência dos poluentes permite estabelecer áreas críticas da zona estuarina já poluídas ou sob risco de poluição
SIMULAÇÃO DA HIDRODINÂMICA E DISPERSÃO DE POLUENTES COM MONITORAMENTO VIRTUAL NO RIO MATAPI - AP
No presente trabalho foram realizadas simulações numéricas, para um ciclo de maré semidiurna, do escoamento de um trecho do rio Matapi, afluente do rio Amazonas, próximo às cidades de Santana e Macapá. O objetivo geral foi avaliar o comportamento espacial e temporal do escoamento e de potenciais fontes poluentes na foz do rio Matapi e confluência com o rio Amazonas. O trecho em questão envolve o Distrito Industrial de Santana, região de potencial ocorrência de derrames de compostos poluentes. Foram simuladas as condições dos escoamentos naturais causadas por movimentos de marés e que influenciam fortemente o comportamento dos constituintes passivos da água. Os resultados são apresentados na forma de campos hidrodinâmicos em regime transiente e campos de concentração de poluentes associados aos primeiros. As informações são úteis para observar a permanência de poluentes no trecho e devem servir de base para o planejamento de disposição de águas residuárias industriais nessa região, o que envolve as áreas de engenharia sanitária, engenharia ambiental e saúde pública. A compreensão da permanência dos poluentes permite estabelecer áreas críticas da zona estuarina já poluídas ou sob risco de poluição
Dextrocardia with situs solitus and inversion apex-basis axis in lesser anteater (Tamandua tetradactyla): case report
No increase in fluctuating asymmetry in ground beetles (Carabidae) as urbanisation progresses
Community structure and comparative analysis of the woody component of a cerrado remnant in Southeastern Brazil
Isolation and screening for plant growth-promoting (PGP) actinobacteria from Araucaria angustifolia rhizosphere soil
The effects of introducing the Amazonian squirrel monkey on the behavior of the northeast marmoset
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