2,351 research outputs found
Heat transfer coefficients from Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids flowing in laminar regime in a helical coil
This study aimed to carry out experimental work to obtain, for Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, heat transfer coefficients, at constant wall temperature as boundary condition, in fully developed laminar flow inside a helical coil. The Newtonian fluids studied were aqueous solutions of glycerol, 25%, 36%, 43%, 59% and 78% (w/w) and the non-Newtonian fluids aqueous solutions of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), a polymer, with concentrations 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4% and 0.6% (w/w) and aqueous solutions of xanthan gum (XG), another polymer, with concentrations 0.1% and 0.2% (w/w). According to the rheological study performed, the polymer solutions had shear thinning behavior and different values of elasticity. The helical coil used has internal diameter, curvature ratio, length and pitch, respectively: 0.004575 m, 0.0263, 5.0 m and 11.34 mm. The Nusselt numbers for the CMC solutions are, on average, slightly higher than those for Newtonian fluids, for identical Prandtl and generalized Dean numbers. As outcome, the viscous component of the shear thinning polymer tends to potentiate the mixing effect of the Dean cells. The Nusselt numbers of the XG solutions are significant lower than those of the Newtonian solutions, for identical Prandtl and generalized Dean numbers. Therefore, the elastic component of the polymer tends to diminish the mixing effect of the Dean cells. A global correlation, for Nusselt number as a function of Péclet, generalized Dean and Weissenberg numbers for all Newtonian and non-Newtonian solutions studied, is presented
New methods to reconstruct and the energy of gamma-ray air showers with high accuracy in large wide-field observatories
Novel methods to reconstruct the slant depth of the maximum of the
longitudinal profile (\Xmax) of high-energy showers initiated by gamma-rays as
well as their energy () are presented. The methods were developed for
gamma rays with energies ranging from a few hundred GeV to TeV. An
estimator of \Xmax is obtained, event-by-event, from its correlation with the
distribution of the arrival time of the particles at the ground, or the signal
at the ground for lower energies. An estimator of is obtained,
event-by-event, using a parametrization that has as inputs the total measured
energy at the ground, the amount of energy contained in a region near to the
shower core and the estimated \Xmax.
Resolutions about and about for,
respectively, \Xmax and at energies are obtained,
considering vertical showers. The obtained results are auspicious and can lead
to the opening of new physics avenues for large wide field-of-view gamma-ray
observatories. The dependence of the resolutions with experimental conditions
is discussed.Comment: 11 pages; 15 figures, to appear in EPJ
Experimental observation of fractional topological phases with photonic qudits
Geometrical and topological phases play a fundamental role in quantum theory.
Geometric phases have been proposed as a tool for implementing unitary gates
for quantum computation. A fractional topological phase has been recently
discovered for bipartite systems. The dimension of the Hilbert space determines
the topological phase of entangled qudits under local unitary operations. Here
we investigate fractional topological phases acquired by photonic entangled
qudits. Photon pairs prepared as spatial qudits are operated inside a Sagnac
interferometer and the two-photon interference pattern reveals the topological
phase as fringes shifts when local operations are performed. Dimensions and were tested, showing the expected theoretical values.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
Gravitational diffraction radiation
We show that if the visible universe is a membrane embedded in a
higher-dimensional space, particles in uniform motion radiate gravitational
waves because of spacetime lumpiness. This phenomenon is analogous to the
electromagnetic diffraction radiation of a charge moving near to a metallic
grating. In the gravitational case, the role of the metallic grating is played
by the inhomogeneities of the extra-dimensional space, such as a hidden brane.
We derive a general formula for gravitational diffraction radiation and apply
it to a higher-dimensional scenario with flat compact extra dimensions.
Gravitational diffraction radiation may carry away a significant portion of the
particle's initial energy. This allows to set stringent limits on the scale of
brane perturbations. Physical effects of gravitational diffraction radiation
are briefly discussed.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, RevTeX4. v2: References added. Version to appear
in Phys. Rev.
Produção de sementes genéticas de arroz irrigado na Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, na safra 2010/2011.
O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever e apresentar os resultados do processo atual de produção de sementes genéticas de arroz na Embrapa Arroz e Feijão na safra 2010/2011
LATTES: A new gamma-ray detector concept for South America
Currently the detection of Very High Energy gamma-rays for astrophysics rely on the measurement of the Extensive Air Showers (EAS) either using Cherenkov detectors or EAS arrays with larger field of views but also larger energy thresholds. In this talk we present a novel hybrid detector concept for a EAS array with an improved sensitivity in the lower energies (~ 100 GeV). We discuss its main features, capabilities and present preliminary results on its expected perfomances and sensitivities.This wide field of view experiment is planned to be installed at high altitude in South America making it a complementary project to the planned Cherenkov telescope experiments and a powerful tool to trigger further observations of variable sources and to detect transients phenomena
- …