Response of potential cucurbit rootstocks against Meloidogyne spp

the Cucurbita hybrids, usually used as cucurbit rootstocks, are susceptible to Meloidogyne. Its cultivation increases the nematode population densities at similar levels than ungrafted cucumber or melon crops, and higher 'Ievels than watermelon.Postprint (published version

Grafting melons onto potential cucumis spp. rootstocks

Cucumís melo is an economically importar]t crop. Its culture is hampered by differen t types of soil stresses. Grafting melons onto different resistant cucurbits belonging to the genera, Cucurbíta, Lagenaría, Luffa, etc. have been successfully used to avoid these problems. However, me Ion quality has been nega.tively modified as a consequence of grafting. In general, variation in fruit shape, seed cavity and sugar content have been observed. The use of rootstocks more genetically c\oser to the melon scions could be useful to obtain fru i ts with better quality from melon grafted plantsPostprint (published version

Resistance to melon vine decline derived from Cucumis melo spp. agrestis: genetic analysis of root structure and root response.

Melon vine decline is a major soilborne disease that causes severe economic losses around the world

Liquid–liquid equilibrium of the Ucon 50-HB5100/sodium citrate aqueous two-phase systems

The phase diagrams of Ucon 50-HB5100/sodium citrate aqueous two-phase systems were determined at 5, 20 and 40 ◦C. Two medium pHs 5.20 and 8.20 were assayed. The binodal curves were satisfactorily described using a four-parameter sigmoidal equation. The two-phase area was expanded by increasing both pH and temperature. The reliability of the measured tie line compositions was ascertained by correlation equations given by Othmer–Tobias and Bancroft.VALNATURACONICETALFA II-0440-FA-Exchange programme between Universities of the European Union and Latin Americ

Liquid-liquid equilibrium and partitioning features of bovine trypsin in Ucon 50 HB5100 /sodium citrate aqueous two phase systems

The phase diagrams of Ucon 50-HB-5100, a non-ionic random copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide (EOPO) and sodium citrate aqueous two-phase systems were determined at different pHs (5.20 and 8.20) and temperatures (5, 20 and 40º C). The binodal curves were determined by refractive index and enzymatic assay of the solution and described using a four-parameter sigmoidal equation, the reliability of the measured tie line compositions was ascertained by correlation equations given by Othmer Tobias and Bancroft. The two-phase area was expanded by increasing both pH and temperature. The partitioning of bovine trypsin and a-chymotrypsin, proteases of similar physico-chemical properties was investigated in order to evaluate the applicability of partitioning as a putative method to isolate from pancreas and to obtain any information about their partitioning mechanism. The effect of different factors such as pH, tie line length and the presence of an inorganic salt on the protein partition coefficient were analyzed.Se caracterizaron las curvas binomiales correspondientes a los sistemas bifásicos acuosos formados por Ucon 50-HB-5100, un copolímero al azar de óxido de etileno y óxido de propileno (EOPO) y citrato de sodio a diferentes pHs (5,20 y 8,20) y temperaturas (5, 20 y 40º C). Las curvas binomiales se obtuvieron por determinación del índice de refracción y ensayos enzimáticos de las soluciones correspondientes; las composiciones de las líneas de unión se corroboraron por las ecuaciones propuestas por Othmer Tobias y Bancroft. El aumento del pH y la temperatura condujeron a un aumento del área bifásica. También se ensayó el comportamiento de reparto de dos proteasas tripsina y α-quimotripsina con el objetivo de emplear los principios de partición como método de aislamiento y purificación de Tripsina a partir de páncreas bovino y de obtener información acerca del mecanismo de partición de la misma. Se analizó el efecto del pH, longitud de la línea de unión y presencia de sales inorgánicas sobre el coeficiente de partición de las enzimas

First report of neocosmospora falciformis Causing Wilt and Root Rot of Muskmelon in Spain

‘Cantaloupe’ and ‘Piel de Sapo’ are melon (Cucumis melo L.) varieties cultivated in Spain. In 2018, during a pathogens survey in experimental fields of Valencia and Alicante provinces (southeast Spain), wilt and root rot of melon plants were detected in grafted and ungrafted plants. Disease incidence ranged from 10% (Alicante) to 45% (Valencia). Symptoms included yellowing and wilting of leaves, rotting at the stem base and upper root, and collapse of the entire plant. Samplings were conducted from severely decayed and dead plants. Fragments (0.5 to 1 cm) from rotted lower stems and roots were surface disinfected for 1 min in 1.5% NaOCl, washed twice with sterilized distilled water, and plated onto potato dextrose agar (PDA) with streptomycin sulfate (0.5 g/liter). Plates were incubated at 25°C in the dark for 3 to 5 days. Mycelia resembling Fusarium were isolated and characterized by morphological and molecular methods. Based on their adpressed beige mycelia, growth in concentric rings, and absence of sporodochia, colonies growing on PDA and Spezieller Nährstoffarmer agar were preliminary identified as belonging to the Fusarium solani species complex. On PDA, colonies were white-greyish to pale-cream growing in concentric rings with beige reverse after 6 days. No sporodochia were observed. Macroconidia were slender, falcate, hyaline, ..

RNA-seq transcriptome analysis provides candidate genes for resistance to Tomato leaf cur New Delhi virus in melon

[EN] Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) emerged in the Mediterranean Basin in 2012 as the first DNA bipartite begomovirus (Geminiviridae family), causing severe yield and economic losses in cucurbit crops. A major resistance locus was identified in the wild melon accession WM-7 (Cucumis melo kachri group), but the mechanisms involved in the resistant response remained unknown. In this work, we used RNA-sequencing to identify disease-associated genes that are differentially expressed in the course of ToLCNDV infection and could contribute to resistance. Transcriptomes of the resistant WM-7 genotype and the susceptible cultivar Piñonet Piel de Sapo (PS)(C. melo ibericus group) in ToLCNDV and mock inoculated plants were compared at four time points during infection (0, 3, 6, and 12 days post inoculation). Different gene expression patterns were observed over time in the resistant and susceptible genotypes in comparison to their respective controls. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ToLCNDV-infected plants were classified using gene ontology (GO) terms, and genes of the categories transcription, DNA replication, and helicase activity were downregulated in WM-7 but upregulated in PS, suggesting that reduced activity of these functions reduces ToLCNDV replication and intercellular spread and thereby contributes to resistance. DEGs involved in the jasmonic acid signaling pathway, photosynthesis, RNA silencing, transmembrane, and sugar transporters entail adverse consequences for systemic infection in the resistant genotype, and lead to susceptibility in PS. The expression levels of selected candidate genes were validated by qRT-PCR to corroborate their differential expression upon ToLCNDV infection in resistant and susceptible melon. Furthermore, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) with an effect on structural functionality of DEGs linked to the main QTLs for ToLCNDV resistance have been identified. The obtained results pinpoint cellular functions and candidate genes that are differentially expressed in a resistant and susceptible melon line in response to ToLCNDV, an information of great relevance for breeding ToLCNDV-resistant melon cultivars.This work was supported by grants AGL201785563-C2-1-R and RTA2017-00061-C03-03 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by "ERDF A way of making Europe," by grant PID2020-116055RB-C21 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033; and by PROMETEO projects 2017/078 and 2021/072 (to promote excellence groups) by the Conselleria d'Educacio, Investigacio, Cultura i Esports (Generalitat Valenciana).Sáez-Sánchez, C.; Flores-León, A.; Montero-Pau, J.; Sifres, A.; Dhillon N.P.S:; López, C.; Picó, B. (2022). RNA-seq transcriptome analysis provides candidate genes for resistance to Tomato leaf cur New Delhi virus in melon. Frontiers in Plant Science. 12:1-26. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.7988581261

Ecological, genetic and evolutionary drivers of regional genetic differentiation in Arabidopsis thaliana

Background: Disentangling the drivers of genetic differentiation is one of the cornerstones in evolution. This is because genetic diversity, and the way in which it is partitioned within and among populations across space, is an important asset for the ability of populations to adapt and persist in changing environments. We tested three major hypotheses accounting for genetic differentiation—isolation-by-distance (IBD), isolation-by-environment (IBE) and isolation-by-resistance (IBR)—in the annual plant Arabidopsis thaliana across the Iberian Peninsula, the region with the largest genomic diversity. To that end, we sampled, genotyped with genome-wide SNPs, and analyzed 1772 individuals from 278 populations distributed across the Iberian Peninsula. Results: IBD, and to a lesser extent IBE, were the most important drivers of genetic differentiation in A. thaliana. In other words, dispersal limitation, genetic drift, and to a lesser extent local adaptation to environmental gradients, accounted for the within- and among-population distribution of genetic diversity. Analyses applied to the four Iberian genetic clusters, which represent the joint outcome of the long demographic and adaptive history of the species in the region, showed similar results except for one cluster, in which IBR (a function of landscape heterogeneity) was the most important driver of genetic differentiation. Using spatial hierarchical Bayesian models, we found that precipitation seasonality and topsoil pH chiefly accounted for the geographic distribution of genetic diversity in Iberian A. thaliana. Conclusions: Overall, the interplay between the influence of precipitation seasonality on genetic diversity and the effect of restricted dispersal and genetic drift on genetic differentiation emerges as the major forces underlying the evolutionary trajectory of Iberian A. thaliana

Práctica de Aprendizaje Profundo en la Asignatura de Tecnología para Sistemas Inteligentes

[ES] En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de una práctica llevada a cabo por los alumnos de la asignatura Tecnología para Sistemas Inteligentes, impartida en el Grado de Ingeniería Informática (Universitat Politècnica de València, Campus d¿Alcoi). La práctica desarrolla una aplicación de reconocimiento de voz en el que un sistema Arduino se entrena para que pueda discriminar entre unos pocos comandos y actuar en consecuencia. Los alumnos tienen que grabar los ficheros con su propia voz para entrenar el modelo y compartir entre ellos las muestras con la intención de mantener una base de datos lo suficientemente representativa.Molina Picó, A.; Jordán-Núñez, J.; Micó-Vicent, B. (2021). Práctica de Aprendizaje Profundo en la Asignatura de Tecnología para Sistemas Inteligentes. Compobell. 29-32. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/191320293

Characterization of Artifact Influence on the Classification of Glucose Time Series Using Sample Entropy Statistics

[EN] This paper analyses the performance of SampEn and one of its derivatives, Fuzzy Entropy (FuzzyEn), in the context of artifacted blood glucose time series classification. This is a difficult and practically unexplored framework, where the availability of more sensitive and reliable measures could be of great clinical impact. Although the advent of new blood glucose monitoring technologies may reduce the incidence of the problems stated above, incorrect device or sensor manipulation, patient adherence, sensor detachment, time constraints, adoption barriers or affordability can still result in relatively short and artifacted records, as the ones analyzed in this paper or in other similar works. This study is aimed at characterizing the changes induced by such artifacts, enabling the arrangement of countermeasures in advance when possible. Despite the presence of these disturbances, results demonstrate that SampEn and FuzzyEn are sufficiently robust to achieve a significant classification performance, using records obtained from patients with duodenal-jejunal exclusion. The classification results, in terms of area under the ROC of up to 0.9, with several tests yielding AUC values also greater than 0.8, and in terms of a leave-one-out average classification accuracy of 80%, confirm the potential of these measures in this context despite the presence of artifacts, with SampEn having slightly better performance than FuzzyEn.The Czech partners were supported by DROIKEM000023001 and RVOVFN64165. No funding was received to support this research work by the Spanish partners.Cuesta Frau, D.; Novák, D.; Burda, V.; Molina Picó, A.; Vargas-Rojo, B.; Mraz, M.; Kavalkova, P.... (2018). Characterization of Artifact Influence on the Classification of Glucose Time Series Using Sample Entropy Statistics. Entropy. 20(11):1-18. https://doi.org/10.3390/e20110871S118201