Eclampsia in Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital: A five-year review

No Abstract

Clients' reasons for prenatal ultrasonography in Ibadan, South West of Nigeria

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Prenatal ultrasonography has remained a universal tool but little is known especially from developing countries on clients' reasons for desiring it. Then aim was to determine the reasons why pregnant women will desire a prenatal ultrasound.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>It was a cross-sectional survey of consecutive 222 women at 2 different ultrasonography facilities in Ibadan, South-west Nigeria.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The mean age of the respondents was 30.1 ± 4.5 years. The commonest reason for requesting for prenatal ultrasound scans was to check for fetal viability in 144 women (64.7%) of the respondents, followed by fetal gender determination in 50 women (22.6%. Other reasons were to check for number of fetuses, fetal age and placental location. Factors such as younger age, artisans profession and low level of education significantly influenced the decision to check for fetal viability on bivariate analysis but all were not significant on multivariate analysis. Concerning fetal gender determination, older age, Christianity, occupation and gravidity were significant on bivariate analysis, however, only gravidity and occupation remained significant independent predictor on logistic regression model. Women with less than 3 previous pregnancies were about 4 times more likely to request for fetal sex determination than women with more than 3 previous pregnancies, (OR 3.8 95%CI 1.52 – 9.44). The professionals were 7 times more likely than the artisans to request to find out about their fetal sex, (OR 7.0 95%CI 1.47 – 333.20).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This study shows that Nigerian pregnant women desired prenatal ultrasonography mostly for fetal viability, followed by fetal gender determination. These preferences were influenced by their biosocial variables.</p

Research misconduct in the fields of ethics and philosophy: researchers’ perceptions in Spain

This is the Author’s Original Manuscript (AOM) (also called a “preprint”) sent to review to Science and Engineering Ethics on 11/10/2020. The final version of the article was published online at SEE on 21/01/2021. The online version is available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-021-00278-wEmpirical studies have revealed a disturbing prevalence of research misconduct in a wide variety of disciplines, although not, to date, in the areas of ethics and philosophy. This study aims to provide empirical evidence on perceptions of how serious a problem research misconduct is in these two disciplines in Spain, particularly regarding the effects that the model used to evaluate academics’ research performance may have on their ethical behaviour. The methodological triangulation applied in the study combines a questionnaire, a debate at the annual meeting of scientific association, and in-depth interviews. Of the 541 questionnaires sent out, 201 responses were obtained (37.1% of the total sample), with a significant difference in the participation of researchers in philosophy (30.5%) and in ethics (52.8%); 26 researchers took part in the debate and 14 interviews were conducted. The questionnaire results reveal that 91.5% of the respondents considered research misconduct to be on the rise; 63.2% considered at least three of the fraudulent practices referred to in the study to be commonplace, and 84.1% identified two or more such practices. The researchers perceived a high prevalence of duplicate publication (66.5%) and self-plagiarism (59.0%), use of personal influence (57.5%) and citation manipulation (44.0%), in contrast to a low perceived incidence of data falsification or fabrication (10.0%). The debate and the interviews corroborated these data. Researchers associated the spread of these misconducts with the research evaluation model applied in Spain

Obstetrics and gynaecology residents’ knowledge of the informed consent process and its practice in their training institutions

Introduction: The ethical principle of autonomy as expressed in the practice of informed consent is a core tenet of clinical practice and good patient physician relationship.Aim: The aim was to identify specific gaps in the knowledge of trainee obstetricians and gynecologists in Nigeria about the informed consent process and its content. It also sought to describe the practice of informed consent in their respective institutions.Materials and Methods: A survey of Residents in obstetrics and gynecology attending the revision course of the Faculty of obstetrics and gynecology of the national postgraduate medical college was done to determine their knowledge of the informed consent process and its practice in their institutions.Results: None of the residents was able to give responses that contained all five conditions for informed consent to be valid. Furthermore, only 3 (2.22%) Residents mentioned that the name of the surgeon to perform the surgery should be part of the information provided to patients during the informed consent process. Similarly, only 8 (5.93%) mentioned that consequences of not having the surgery should be part of the informed consent process. The concept of the ‘emancipated minor’ being competent to give consent was known by 38% of the residents.Conclusion: Although Residents in obstetrics and gynecology in Nigeria have some knowledge of the informed consent process, this knowledge is deficient in key areas such as competence to give consent, content and scope of information to be disclosed to patients for surgery. There is a need to teach residents the rudiments of informed consent and bioethics in general.Keywords: Informed consent, obstetric and gynecological procedure, residents’ knowledg

How Many Physicians Prescribe Quinine For The Treatment Of Malaria In The First Trimester Of Pregnancy?

Introduction: Every year a minimum of 30 million women living in malaria endemic regions of the world become pregnant. In Nigeria, about 23.7% of these pregnant women have malaria parasites in their blood. The national policy for the treatment of malaria in pregnancy recommends Quinine as the drug of choice for the treatment of malaria in the first trimester.Aims: This study evaluated the prescription pattern for treatment of malaria in the first trimester by physicians in Delta State and factors associated with physician's willingness to prescribe Quinine.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire based study of physicians attending the Delta State Annual General Meeting.Results: Chloroquine was the drug of choice for treating malaria in the first trimester by 40.2 % of doctors. This was followed by Quinine (19.6%), and Amodiaquine (14.7%). Fansidar and Artesunate were prescribed by 8.8% and 6.9% of Doctors respectively. Fifty-seven (56%) doctors indicated that they have prescribed Quinine during the first trimester as treatment for malaria. The fear of quinine causing miscarriage was a significant consideration affecting the prescription of quinine. Most physicians prescribed quinine in lower doses.Conclusion: A lot of education needs to be done to make physicians follow the national malaria treatment policy.Keywords: Quinine, malaria, first trimester, Physician

A comparison of booked and unbooked patients with ruptured uterus in a referral hospital in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria

No Abstract. Nigerian Journal of Medicine Vol. 16 (2) 2007: pp.129-13

Relationship between knowledge of HIV/AIDS and sexual behaviour among in-school adolescents in Delta State, Nigeria

Objective: To determine if there is any correlation between the knowledge of HIV/AIDS among in-school adolescents in Delta state of Nigeria and their sexual behaviour. Method: A questionnaire based descriptive study of randomly selected secondary school students in Asaba, Delta state. Results: A total of 437 students were recruited for the study. About 47% of respondents had good knowledge of HIV/AIDS. The electronic media were their main sources of information. Fifty-eight percent had been sexually initiated but only 10% were currently sexually active. About 73% of the males and 58% of the females reported condom use in their last sexual act. Seventy-three percent of the students that had poor knowledge of HIV/AIDS had ever had sex compared with 69.5% of students with good knowledge. Similarly 45.6% of students with poor knowledge used condom compared with 58.8% who had good knowledge. However these observed differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Knowledge of HIV/AIDS by in-school adolescents in Asaba has not significantly influenced their sexual behavior. Program planners should explore and integrate other factors that could impact positively on adolescent sexual behavior. Keywords: in-school adolescents, knowledge of HIV, sexual behavior, Nigeria Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice Vol. 9(1) 2006: 37-3

The Management Of Menopause By Nigerian Gynaecologists.

No Abstract. Ebonyi Medical Journal Vol. 7 (1&2) 2008: pp. 47-4

The demographic characteristics and health seeking behaviour of unbooked patients in Irrua specialist teaching hospital

Background: The Obstetric outcome of the patients who receive antenatal care and deliver at the Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital is reasonably satisfactory. Our major challenges arise from unbooked emergencies. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of unbooked patients in the Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, their clinical presentation, their demographic characteristics as well as their obstetric outcome. Methods: A structured proforma was used to collect relevant information over a one-year period from patients' case notes, theatre records and labour ward records. Results: During the study period, unbooked patients constituted 14.7% of all deliveries. They had a higher proportion of teenagers (