Post mortem magnetic resonance imaging in the fetus, infant and child: A comparative study with conventional autopsy (MaRIAS Protocol)

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Minimally invasive autopsy by post mortem magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has been suggested as an alternative for conventional autopsy in view of the declining consented autopsy rates. However, large prospective studies rigorously evaluating the accuracy of such an approach are lacking. We intend to compare the accuracy of a minimally invasive autopsy approach using post mortem MR imaging with that of conventional autopsy in fetuses, newborns and children for detection of the major pathological abnormalities and/or determination of the cause of death.</p> <p>Methods/Design</p> <p>We recruited 400 consecutive fetuses, newborns and children referred for conventional autopsy to one of the two participating hospitals over a three-year period. We acquired whole body post mortem MR imaging using a 1.5 T MR scanner (Avanto, Siemens Medical Solutions, Enlargen, Germany) prior to autopsy. The total scan time varied between 90 to 120 minutes. Each MR image was reported by a team of four specialist radiologists (paediatric neuroradiology, paediatric cardiology, paediatric chest & abdominal imaging and musculoskeletal imaging), blinded to the autopsy data. Conventional autopsy was performed according to the guidelines set down by the Royal College of Pathologists (UK) by experienced paediatric or perinatal pathologists, blinded to the MR data. The MR and autopsy data were recorded using predefined categorical variables by an independent person.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Using conventional post mortem as the gold standard comparator, the MR images will be assessed for accuracy of the anatomical morphology, associated lesions, clinical usefulness of information and determination of the cause of death. The sensitivities, specificities and predictive values of post mortem MR alone and MR imaging along with other minimally invasive post mortem investigations will be presented for the final diagnosis, broad diagnostic categories and for specific diagnosis of each system.</p> <p>Clinical Trial Registration</p> <p><a href="http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01417962">NCT01417962</a></p> <p><b>NIHR Portfolio Number: </b>6794</p

Declarações de nascidos mortos no município de São Paulo: avaliação descritiva do preenchimento Stillbirths registers in the municipality of São Paulo: a descritive approach to fillingout of registration forms

OBJETIVOS: estudar as informações contidas nas Declarações de Nascidos Mortos (DNM) no município de São Paulo, Brasil. MÉTODOS: a partir das Declarações de Nascidos Mortos, disponibilizadas pela Fundação Sistema Estadual de Análise de Dados Estatísticos (FSEADE), estudou-se a proporção de preenchimento dos registros utilizando um Índice de Preenchimento de Dados (IPD), o que possibilitou a comparação entre os anos: 2001, 2002, 2003 (n=6722). Incluíram-se as variáveis com IPD maior que 10%, relativas à mãe (idade, escolaridade, paridade, local de residência, tipo de parto) e às referentes ao feto (peso, idade gestacional e causa básica). RESULTADOS o componente absoluto da natimortalidade pouco se alterou nos dois primeiros períodos e caiu levemente no último. A variável sexo foi preenchida em 98% (maior IPD), seguida pela informação do local de residência: 82,9% e número de gestações: 70%. As informações menos disponíveis foram às relativas à idade e escolaridade materna, 20,0 e 16,7% respectivamente. A causa básica do óbito foi registrada em 46,7%, enquanto o peso fetal em 37% e o tipo de parto em 25,3%. CONCLUSÕES: os dados mostram que a dificuldade em se incorporar este indicador de saúde ao conjunto dos tradicionais deve-se, em parte, à heterogeneidade no preenchimento dos campos da DNM.<br>OBJECTIVES: to study the information contained in Stillbirth Registers (SBRs) in the Municipality of São Paulo. METHODS: the adequacy of the filling out of SBR forms was assessed on the basis of the SBRs (6722) made available by the FSEADE (Foundation for Statistical Data Analysis System), using a Data Completion Index (DCI), making it possible to compare the three years studied (2001-3). Variables relating to the mother and the fetus were included where the DCI was greater than 10%. Education, parity, place of residence, birth type, for the mother and weight, gestational age and underlying cause of death, for the fetus. RESULTS: the absolute stillbirth component changed little in the first two of the three years, falling slightly in the third. The variable most frequently registered was sex (98%), followed by place of residence (82.9%) and parity (70%). The data least often registered were those relating to the mother's age and schooling, 20.0% and 16.7%, respectively. The underlying cause was recorded in 46.7%, fetal weight in 37% and type of birth in 25.3%. CONCLUSIONS: the data demonstrate that the difficulty encountered in incorporating this health indicator into the traditional set of indicators is in part due to the inadequacy of the data provided on the SBR form

Análise da qualidade da informação sobre causa básica de óbitos neonatais registrados no Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade: um estudo para Maceió, Alagoas, Brasil, 2001-2002 Quality of information analysis on basic causes of neonatal deaths recorded in the Mortality Information System: a study in Maceió, Alagoas State, Brazil, 2001-2002

A análise da qualidade da informação sobre causas de óbitos neonatais no Brasil é extremamente relevante, permitindo verificar a magnitude de óbitos passíveis de redução e subsidiar políticas adequadas à sua diminuição. Esse estudo objetivou avaliar a confiabilidade e validade do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM) na discriminação da causa básica de óbitos neonatais e definir percentuais de causas redutíveis. Foram analisadas causas básicas dos óbitos neonatais precoces hospitalares de Maceió, Alagoas, comparando as causas dos prontuários ao SIM, aferindo confiabilidade e validade. Para análise de redutibilidade compararam-se as classificações da Fundação SEADE e de Wigglesworth modificadas. Predominaram causas maternas nos prontuários e de transtornos respiratórios nas declarações de óbito e SIM. O percentual de óbitos redutíveis pode ser bem superior ao detectado no SIM, devido às imprecisões no preenchimento das declarações de óbito. De acordo com o SIM, os maiores problemas residem no diagnóstico e tratamento precoce de causas neonatais. Todavia, os resultados evidenciaram que os problemas mais prementes relacionam-se a falhas no pré-natal e descontrole de doenças.<br>Analysis of the quality of information on basic causes of neonatal deaths in Brazil is crucially important, since it allows one to estimate how many deaths are avoidable and provide support for policies to decrease neonatal mortality. The current study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Mortality Information System (MIS) for discriminating between basic causes of neonatal deaths and defining percentages of reducible causes. The basic causes of early neonatal deaths in hospitals in Maceió, Alagoas State, were analyzed, and the causes recorded in medical records were compared to the MIS data in order to measure reliability and validity. The modified SEADE Foundation and Wigglesworth classifications were compared to analyze the capacity for reduction of neonatal mortality. Maternal causes predominated in the medical records, as compared to respiratory disorders on the death certificates and in the MIS. The percentage of avoidable deaths may be much higher than observed from the MIS, due to imprecision in completing death certificates. Based on the MIS, the greatest problems are in early diagnosis and treatment of neonatal causes. However, the results show that the most pressing problems relate to failures in prenatal care and lack of control of diseases