58 research outputs found
Optimization of Bell's Inequality Violation For Continuous Variable Systems
Two mode squeezed vacuum states allow Bell's inequality violation (BIQV) for
all non-vanishing squeezing parameter . Maximal violation occurs at
when the parity of either component averages to zero. For a
given entangled {\it two spin} system BIQV is optimized via orientations of the
operators entering the Bell operator (cf. S. L. Braunstein, A. Mann and M.
Revzen: Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf68}, 3259 (1992)). We show that for finite
in continuous variable systems (and in general whenever the dimensionality of
the subsystems is greater than 2) additional parameters are present for
optimizing BIQV. Thus the expectation value of the Bell operator depends, in
addition to the orientation parameters, on configuration parameters.
Optimization of these configurational parameters leads to a unique maximal BIQV
that depends only on The configurational parameter variation is used
to show that BIQV relation to entanglement is, even for pure state, not
monotonic.Comment: An example added; shows that the amount of Bell's inequality
violation as a measure of entanglement is doubtfu
Influence of eNOS gene polymorphism on cardiometabolic parameters in response to physical training in postmenopausal women
The health-promoting effects of exercise training (ET) are related to nitric oxide (NO) production and/or its bioavailability. The objective of this study was to determine whether single nucleotide polymorphism of the endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) gene at positions -786T>C, G894T (Glu298Asp) and at the variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) Intron 4b/a would interfere with the cardiometabolic responses of postmenopausal women submitted to physical training. Forty-nine postmenopausal women were trained in sessions of 30-40 min, 3 days a week for 8 weeks. Genotypes, oxidative stress status and cardiometabolic parameters were then evaluated in a double-blind design. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure values were significantly reduced after ET, which was genotype-independent. However, women without eNOS gene polymorphism at position -786T>C (TT genotype) and Intron 4b/a (bb genotype) presented a better reduction of total cholesterol levels (-786T>C: before = 213 ± 12.1, after = 159.8 ± 14.4, Δ = -24.9% and Intron 4b/a: before = 211.8 ± 7.4, after = 180.12 ± 6.4 mg/dL, Δ = -15%), and LDL cholesterol (-786T>C: before = 146.1 ± 13.3, after = 82.8 ± 9.2, Δ = -43.3% and Intron 4b/a: before = 143.2 ± 8, after = 102.7 ± 5.8 mg/dL, Δ = -28.3%) in response to ET compared to those who carried the mutant allele. Superoxide dismutase activity was significantly increased in trained women whereas no changes were observed in malondialdehyde levels. Women without eNOS gene polymorphism at position -786T>C and Intron 4b/a showed a greater reduction of plasma cholesterol levels in response to ET. Furthermore, no genotype influence was observed on arterial blood pressure or oxidative stress status in this population.85586
Resposta da soja Ă adubação com zinco em solo com teores acima do nĂvel crĂtico
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a resposta da soja a estratĂ©gias de adubação com zinco, em Latossolo com disponibilidade inicial do micronutriente acima do nĂvel crĂtico. O experimento consistiu em 16 tratamentos com diferentes combinaçÔes de fontes, doses e formas de aplicação de Zn. Foram avaliados a produtividade da soja e os teores de Zn no solo, nas folhas e nos grĂŁos. A fertilização com Zn aumentou a produtividade da soja, mesmo em solo com teor do micronutriente acima do nĂvel crĂtico. A resposta Ă adubação varia de acordo com as estratĂ©gias de aplicação de zinco. HĂĄ indĂcios de que o nĂvel crĂtico de Zn no solo deve ser revisto
Hypersurface-Invariant Approach to Cosmological Perturbations
Using Hamilton-Jacobi theory, we develop a formalism for solving
semi-classical cosmological perturbations which does not require an explicit
choice of time-hypersurface. The Hamilton-Jacobi equation for gravity
interacting with matter (either a scalar or dust field) is solved by making an
Ansatz which includes all terms quadratic in the spatial curvature.
Gravitational radiation and scalar perturbations are treated on an equal
footing. Our technique encompasses linear perturbation theory and it also
describes some mild nonlinear effects. As a concrete example of the method, we
compute the galaxy-galaxy correlation function as well as large-angle microwave
background fluctuations for power-law inflation, and we compare with recent
observations.Comment: 51 pages, Latex 2.09 ALBERTA THY/20-94, DAMTP R94/25 To appear in
Phys. Rev.
NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics
Xenarthrans â anteaters, sloths, and armadillos â have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with 24 domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, ten anteaters, and six sloths. Our dataset includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data-paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the south of the USA, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to its austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n=5,941), and Cyclopes sp. has the fewest (n=240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n=11,588), and the least recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n=33). With regards to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n=962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n=12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other datasets of Neotropical Series which will become available very soon (i.e. Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans dataset
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