Somatoform Disorders [transtornos Somatoformes]

Patient with multiple medically unexplained symptoms are frequent health care users of both primary and advanced care. Dealing with such patients can be challenging for the physician, as it raises feeling of impotence and irritation. Moreover, clinically significant somatization leads to excessive costs due to excessive health care use, sophisticated diagnosis tests and ineffective treatments. The objective of this article is to review somatoform disorder concepts, its clinical presentations, relevant differential diagnosis and treatment strategies. © Copyright Moreira Jr. Editora.7011390394Schneider, A., Hörlein, E., Wartner, E., Schumann, I., Henningsen, P., Linde, K., Unlimited access to health care - Impact of psychosomatic co-morbidity on utilisation in German general practices (2011) BMC Fam Pract, 12, p. 51Brunoni, A.R., Transtornos mentais comuns na prática clínica (2008) Rev Med, 87 (4), pp. 251-263. , São Paulo. out-dezBarsky, A.J., Orav, E.J., Bates, D.W., Distinctive patterns of medical care utilization inpatients who somatize (2006) Med Care, 44 (9), pp. 803-811Fortes, S., Brasil M.A.A;, Campayo, J.G., Botega, N.J., Somatização (2006) Prática Psiquiátrica No Hospital Geral: Interconsulta e Emergência, pp. 305-324. , Botega NJ (org.) 2°ed - Porto Alegre: ArtmedLazzaro, C.D.S., Ávila, L.A., Somatização na prática médica (2004) Arq Ciênc Saúde, 11 (2). , abr-junRamadan, Z.B.A., Motta, T., Transtornos somatoformes e transtornos dissociativos (ou conversivos) (1995) Psiquiatria Básica, , Louzã NetoMotta TWang Y-PElkis H (org.) Porto Alegre: Artes MédicasCoelho, C.L.S., Ávila, L.A., Controvérsias sobre a somatização (2007) Rev. Psiquiatr. Clín., 34 (6), pp. 278-284Andrade, L., Walters, E.E., Gentil, V., Laurenti, R., Prevalence of ICD-10 mental disorders in a catchment area in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil (2002) Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol, 37 (7), pp. 316-325Fortes, S., Villano, L.A.B., Lopes, C.S., Nosological profile and prevalence of common mental disorders of patients seen at the at the Family Health Program units in Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro (2008) Rev Bras Psiquiatr, 30 (1), pp. 32-37Hakala, M., Vahlberg, T., Niemi, P.M., Karlsson, H., Brain glucose metabolism and temperament in relation to severe somatization (2006) Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, 60 (6), pp. 669-675Reed, G.M., Incorporação das perspectivas brasileiras e latino-americanas na classificação de transtornos mentais e comportamentais na CID-11 (2011) Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr., 33 (SUPPL. 1), pp. 1-2. , May(1993) Classificação de Transtornos Mentais e Do Comportamento Da CID-10: Descrições Clínicas e Diretrizes Diagnósticas, pp. 149-167. , Organização Mundial de Saúde. Porto Alegre: Artes MédicasLieb, R., Meinlschmidt, G., Araya, R., Epidemiology of the association between somatoform disorders and anxiety and depressive disorders: An update (2007) Psychosom Med, 69 (9), pp. 860-863Dalgalarrodo, P., (2000) Psicopatologia e Semiologia Dos Transtornos Mentais, , Porto Alegre: ArtmedAllet, J.L., Allet, R.E., Somatoform disorders in neurological practice (2006) Curr Opin Psychiatry, 19 (4), pp. 413-420Kaplan, H., Sadock, B.J., Sadock, V.A., (2007) Compêndio de Psiquiatria: Ciências Do Comportamento e Psiquiatria Clínica, pp. 686-738. , 9 ed. Porto Alegre: ArtmedHiller, W., Kroymann, R., Leibrand, R., Cebulla, M., Effects and cost-effectiveness analysis of inpatient treatment of somatoform disorders (2004) Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr, 72, pp. 136-146Kroenke, K., Efficacy of treatment for somatoform disorders: A review of randomized controlled trials (2007) Psychosom Med, 69 (9), pp. 881-888Seo, H.J., Sohi, M.S., Patkar, A.A., Masand, P.S., Pae, C.U., Desvenlafaxine succinate: A newer antidepressant for the treatment of depression and somatic symptoms (2010) Postgrad Med, 122 (1), pp. 125-138. , JanBeesdo, K., Hartford, J., Russel, J., Spann, M., Ball, S., Wittchen, H.U., The short- and long-term effect of duloxetine on painful physical symptoms in patients with generalized anxiety disorder: Results from three clinical trials (2009) J Anxiety Disord, 23 (8), pp. 1064-1071. , DecEpub 2009 Jul 14Stahl, S.M., (2010) Psicofarmacologia: Bases Neurocientíficas e Aplicaçõ es Práticas, , 3a ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara KooganHäuser, W., Fibromyalgia Syndrome: Classification, Diagnosis, and Treatment (2009) Dtsch Arztebl Int, 106 (23), pp. 383-391. , JunePexton, T., Moeller-Bertram, T., Schilling, J.M., Wallace, M.S., Targeting voltage-gated calcium channels for the treatment of neuropathic pain: A review of drug development (2011) Expert Opin Investig Drugs, 20 (9), pp. 1277-1284. , Sep(2000) Diagnostic and Stastistical Manual of Mental Disorders, , American Psychiatric Association. 4th ed. Text revision. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Associatio

The third international hackathon for applying insights into large-scale genomic composition to use cases in a wide range of organisms.

In October 2021, 59 scientists from 14 countries and 13 U.S. states collaborated virtually in the Third Annual Baylor College of Medicine & DNANexus Structural Variation hackathon. The goal of the hackathon was to advance research on structural variants (SVs) by prototyping and iterating on open-source software. This led to nine hackathon projects focused on diverse genomics research interests, including various SV discovery and genotyping methods, SV sequence reconstruction, and clinically relevant structural variation, including SARS-CoV-2 variants. Repositories for the projects that participated in the hackathon are available at https://github.com/collaborativebioinformatics

Static Clathrin Assemblies at the Peripheral Vacuole—Plasma Membrane Interface of the Parasitic Protozoan Giardia lamblia

Giardia lamblia is a parasitic protozoan that infects a wide range of vertebrate hosts including humans. Trophozoites are non-invasive but associate tightly with the enterocyte surface of the small intestine. This narrow ecological specialization entailed extensive morphological and functional adaptations during host-parasite co-evolution, including a distinctly polarized array of endocytic organelles termed peripheral vacuoles (PVs), which are confined to the dorsal cortical region exposed to the gut lumen and are in close proximity to the plasma membrane (PM). Here, we investigated the molecular consequences of these adaptations on the Giardia endocytic machinery and membrane coat complexes. Despite the absence of canonical clathrin coated vesicles in electron microscopy, Giardia possesses conserved PV-associated clathrin heavy chain (GlCHC), dynamin-related protein (GlDRP), and assembly polypeptide complex 2 (AP2) subunits, suggesting a novel function for GlCHC and its adaptors. We found that, in contrast to GFP-tagged AP2 subunits and DRP, CHC::GFP reporters have no detectable turnover in living cells, indicating fundamental differences in recruitment to the membrane and disassembly compared to previously characterized clathrin coats. Histochemical localization in electron tomography showed that these long-lived GlCHC assemblies localized at distinctive approximations between the plasma and PV membrane. A detailed protein interactome of GlCHC revealed all of the conserved factors in addition to novel or highly diverged proteins, including a putative clathrin light chain and lipid-binding proteins. Taken together, our data provide strong evidence for giardial CHC as a component of highly stable assemblies at PV-PM junctions that likely have a central role in organizing continuities between the PM and PV membranes for controlled sampling of the fluid environment. This suggests a novel function for CHC in Giardia and the extent of molecular remodeling of endocytosis in this species