Fito-hormônios no desenvolvimento vegetativo e germinação das sementes de sorgo sacarino.

Com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de doses e das épocas de aplicação de diferentes reguladores de crescimento no sorgo sacarino e sua influência sobre o desenvolvimento da planta e a germinação das sementes produzidas, foi instalado em setembro de 2011, em Sete Lagoas, MG, Brasil, na Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, um experimento em casa de vegetação com três ingredientes ativos comerciais (trinexapac-ethyl, paclobutrazol e daminozida), testando-se seis doses para cada produto em duas épocas de aplicação ao longo do ciclo. Observou-se que o ingrediente trinexapac-ethyl foi o mais efetivo na redução do desenvolvimento vegetativo das plantas de sorgo sacarino, quando aplicado duas vezes ao longo do ciclo da cultura, mas com grave prejuízo sobre a qualidade das sementes produzidas

New retrieval of BrO from SCIAMACHY limb: an estimate of the stratospheric bromine loading during April 2008

We present a new retrieval of stratospheric BrO (bromine monoxide) from channel 2 SCIAMACHY (SCanning Imaging Absorption spectrometer for Atmospheric CHartographY) limb observations. Retrievals are shown to agree with independent balloon observations to within one standard deviation of the retrieval noise. We retrieve BrO profiles for all of April 2008, and apply simulated [BrO]/[Br_y] (bromine monoxide : stratospheric inorganic bromine) ratios to estimate the stratospheric Br_y loading. We find 23.5 ± 6 ppt Br, suggesting 7 ppt Br from short-lived bromocarbons to be at the high end of the current best estimate (3–8 ppt). The 6 ppt Br uncertainty estimate is dominated by the 21% uncertainty in the simulated [BrO] / [Br_y] ratio due to propagation of errors from the underlying chemical kinetics

Age-Dependent Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in the NF-κB/c-Rel Knockout Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease

Non-motor symptoms are frequently observed in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and precede the onset of motor deficits by years. Among them, neuropsychiatric symptoms, including anxiety, depression, and apathy, are increasingly considered as a major challenge for patients with PD and their caregivers. We recently reported that mice lacking the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/c-Rel protein (c-rel–/– mice) develop an age-dependent PD-like pathology and phenotype characterized by the onset of non-motor symptoms, including constipation and hyposmia, starting at 2 months of age, and motor deficits at 18 months. To assess whether c-rel–/– mice also suffer from neuropsychiatric symptoms, in this study we tested different cohorts of wild-type (wt) and c-rel–/– mice at 3, 6, 12, and 18–20 months with different behavioral tests. Mice lacking c-Rel displayed anxiety and depressive-like behavior starting in the premotor phase at 12 months, as indicated by the analysis with the open field (OF) test and the forced swim test with water wheel (FST), respectively. A deficit in the goal-oriented nesting building test was detected at 18–20 months, suggesting apathetic behavior. Taken together, these results indicate that c-rel–/– mice recapitulate the onset and the progression of PD-related neuropsychiatric symptoms. Therefore, this animal model may represent a valuable tool to study the prodromal stage of PD and for testing new therapeutic strategies to alleviate neuropsychiatric symptoms

Curvas de maturação de cultivares de sorgo sacarino.

Nos últimos anos houve um aumento expressivo no interesse pelo sorgo sacarino como cultura alternativa e complementar à cana-de-açúcar na obtenção de etanol como biocombustível. Devido a este fato, existe a necessidade de se analisar as propriedades do sorgo afim de se atender às demandas da agroindustria. No presente trabalho buscou-se desenvolver e analisar curvas de maturação para três cultivares de sorgo sacarino em oito epocas de amostragem. Os resultados mostram que houve diferença significativa para cultivares e épocas de colheita para todas as variáveis analisadas (p≤0,01). Quanto aos teores de açúcares, a cultivar BRS508 apresentou as maiores médias para as variáveis ART, ATR e AT. As cultivares XBSW80147 e Sugargraze apresentaram menor período de utilização industrial e menores teores de açúcares redutores totais e açúcares totais recuperáveis

The occurrence of two morphologically similar Chaetozone (Annelida: Polychaeta: Cirratulidae) species from the Italian seas: Chaetozone corona Berkeley & Berkeley, 1941 and C. carpenteri McIntosh, 1911

The present study reports the spread of the cirratulids Chaetozone corona Berkeley & Berkeley, 1941 and Chaetozone carpenteri McIntosh, 1911 in the Western Central Adriatic Sea, off the coasts of Pescara (Italy). The two species were collected between 2014 and 2016 from soft bottom stations (at depths from 16.5 to 130 m) where the environment was more or less disturbed due to fishing activities. One specimen of C. corona was found also off the coast of Calafuria (Livorno, Italy), representing the first record of this species in the Tyrrhenian Sea. Chaetozone carpenteri could be a native species present in the Mediterranean for a long time but rarely recorded because of taxonomic confusion. Chaetozone corona was already known from the eastern Mediterranean Sea (except from the Adriatic Sea), where it is considered an established alien species. Our results extend the geographic range of these two cirratulid species, providing some information on their ecology and habitat preference. We also suggest a likely vector of spread of C. corona from the easternmost part of the Mediterranean towards the study area. The finding of reproducing specimens of C. corona and C. carpenteri supports the hypothesis that these two species have found a suitable habitat in the Western Central Adriatic Sea, and there will become well established. Although nothing suggests that C. corona would be invasive, it may, however, compete with native species. These findings also seem particularly relevant in order to improve the knowledge of Mediterranean biodiversity