The energy source of the interplanetary medium and the heliosphere

The activity of the interplanetary medium arises from occasional transient outbursts of the active corona and, for the most part, from the interaction of fast and slow streams in the solar wind. The basic driver is the heat input to the corona, both transient and steady. The fast streams issue from coronal holes where the heat input may be Alfven waves with root mean squared (rms) fluid velocities of nearly 100 km/sec or may be wholly or in part the waves refracted into the hole from neighboring active regions. If the latter, then the character of the wind from the coronal hole depends upon the proximity and vigor of active regions, with significant differences between the polar and low altitude solar wind. In any case, there is no observational support for any of these ideas, so that the primary cause of the wind from the Sun, as well as any other similar star is not without mystery. It is to be hoped that ground-based observations together with the input from the Solar Optical Telescope and the International Solar Polar Mission may in time succeed in clearing up some of the basic questions

STRUCTURING DIVERSITY: CHIEF DIVERSITY OFFICES AS STRUCTURAL RESPONSES TO A CULTURAL ISSUE

Aim/Purpose Higher education has faced increasing perceptions, mainly by students, of unwelcoming campus racial and diversity climates. As a result, during the past decade, there has been a peak in the inaugurations of chief diversity officers. Yet, little is known about how these offices are established. Background This study explores and describes the emergence of the chief diversity office at two research-intensive universities. Methodology This study utilizes a qualitative case study to answer the research questions. Contribution The study provides new knowledge about the impetuses that prompt the formation of chief diversity officers. Further, the findings inform the higher education community about the establishment of chief diversity offices at two universities that might help institutions inaugurate new offices. Findings Findings illustrated that the formation of the chief diversity office at these research universities represented structural responses to cultural issues on campus. Recommendations for Practitioners A recommendation for practitioners is to consider a thorough assessment of the campus climate as a means to prompt the formation of a chief diversity office. The structural attributes of the realized unit should be directly associated with the specific context of the respective campus. Recommendation for Researchers Recommendations for researchers are to empirically address social identity when examining chief diversity officers and to further investigate job and work attitudes, such as organizational commitment or burnout, in these leaders. Impact on Society Present day colleges and universities are the most diverse in history. Considering changing demographics, it is important to understand how institutions are structurally responding to diversity on campus. Future Research Future research might investigate the nuanced ways in which institutions of higher education are inaugurating new offices and appointing new diversity leaders. Considering the distinct aspects of diversity, scholars might explore the salient skills or relevant background experiences that colleges and universities are seeking in these new leaders

Tax Problems Presented by the Tennessee Constitution

Although the North Carolina Constitution of 1776 had no specific tax provision, the draftsmen of Tennessee\u27s Constitution of 1796 initiated a standard which reflected the creed of the frontier. These pioneers thought that every free man should contribute something to the support of the government and those with more ability should contribute more. The ability of the citizen was measured by the quantity of land and the number of slaves, which provided roughly a fair differentiation. Everyone had a similar log cabin; one lot in a settlement was worth about the same as another; one cleared acre was the equal of another where land was plentiful and only the best taken. The equality of the frontier made the standard workable and fair

On Greek Row: Diversity, Socially Responsible Leadership and Fraternity and Sorority Membership

This study uses the Wabash National Study of Liberal Arts Education to examine the relationship between diversity experiences and socially responsible leadership among college fraternity and sorority members. Results suggest that college diversity experiences are positively associated with socially responsible leadership for these student groups