14 research outputs found
Noble gases, stable isotopes, and radiocarbon as tracers of flow in the Dakota aquifer, Colorado and Kansas
A suite of chemical and isotope tracers (dissolved noble gases, stable isotopes of water, radiocarbon, and CI) have been analyzed along a flow path in the Dakota aquifer system to determine likely recharge sources, ground water residence times, and the extent of mixing between local and intermediate flow systems, presumably caused by large well screens. Three water types were distinguished with the tracers, each having a very different history. Two of the water types were found in south-eastern Colorado where the Dakota is poorly confined. The tracer data suggest that the first group recharged locally during the last few thousand years and the second group was composed of ground water that recharged earlier during a cooler climate, presumably during the last glacial period (LGP) and mixed aged water. The paleotemperature record archived in this groundwater system indicates that south-eastern Colorado was about 5°C cooler during the LGP than during the late Holocene. Similar temperature changes derived from dissolved noble gases in other aquifer systems have been reported earlier for the south-western United States. The third water type was located down gradient of the first two in the confined Dakota in western and central Kansas. Groundwater residence time of this water mass is on the order of 104-105 yrs and its recharge location is near the Colorado and Kansas border down gradient of the other water types. The study shows the importance of using multiple tracers when investigating ground water systems
Erosion by Standardisation: Is ISO/IEC 29134:2017 on Privacy Impact Assessment Up to (GDPR) Standard?
This chapter examines the interplay between the GDPR and parallel private regulation in the form of privacy-related standards adopted by the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO). Focusing on the understanding of ‘risks' in the GDPR and ISO respective ecosystems, it compares the GDPR requirement for Data Protection Impact Assessments (DPIAs) with ISO/IEC 29134:2017, a private standard on Privacy Impact Assessment explicitly referred to by EU Data Protection Authorities as relevant in the context of DPIA methods. The resulting gap analysis identifies and maps misalignments, critically reflecting on whether the parallel form of ISO regulation, in the context of DPIAs, could support or rather blurs GDPR's objective to protect fundamental rights by embracing a risks-based approach.status: Published onlin
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Healthcare providers in the English National Health Service: public, private or hybrids?
In recent years it has been noted that boundaries between public and private providers of many types of welfare
have become blurred. This paper uses three dimensions of publicness to analyse this blurring of boundaries
in relation to providers of healthcare in England. The authors find that, although most care is still funded
and provided by the state, there are significant additional factors in respect of ownership and social control
which indicate that many English healthcare providers are better understood as hybrids. Furthermore, the
authors raise concerns about the possible deleterious effects of diminishing aspects of publicness on English
healthcare. The most important of these is a decrease in accountabilit
Sanierung von VARIEL-Stahlbeton-Raumzellen Abschlussbericht
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