496 research outputs found
Crystal structure and magnetic properties of some MM’X pnictides investigated by neutron diffraction and magnetisation measurements
In order to analyse the magnetic structure and to point out potential relationships between the structural parameters and magnetic behaviour, an in situ powder diffraction experiments were investigated for three specific compounds and systems MM'X. The study was carried out also by using magnetisation measurements. These investigations are supported by electronic structural calculations analyses carried out in parallel to this work.In order to analyse the magnetic structure and to point out potential relationships between the structural parameters and magnetic behaviour, an in situ powder diffraction experiments were investigated for three specific compounds and systems MM'X. The study was carried out also by using magnetisation measurements. These investigations are supported by electronic structural calculations analyses carried out in parallel to this work
Bougainville autonomy - Implications for Governance and Decentralisation
The founding and guiding principles for the
establishment, operation and development
of the Autonomous Bougainville Government
(ABG) are contained in the Bougainville Peace
Agreement. Insofar as they are concerned with
political/constitutional/institutional reform,
they represent an attempt to transform and
channel previous, violent conflicts into
political processes and institutions (Bachler
n.d.; cf. Widner 2005 and Ghai 2004). They
are, therefore, concerned with governance
– the process by which society collectively
attempts to solve problems, maintain public
order and meet other shared needs – and not
just government – one of the main instruments
used for such purposes (Osborne and Gaebler
1993:24; cf. Wolfers 2006a:4). This is made
clear by the way in which the arrangements
for Bougainville autonomy are embodied
together as but one of three pillars in a much
broader Agreement, concerned with autonomy,
a guaranteed referendum on Bougainville’s
political future, and weapons disposal. In fact,
the three pillars themselves are only part of
an Agreement which also provides an amnesty for persons convicted and immunity from
prosecution for offences committed during the
Bougainville conflict, and a commitment by
former combatant groups to disband and work
through a unified set of administrative and
political structures – the ABG. The broader
concern with governance expressed in the
attention the Agreement gives to weapons
disposal, amnesty and reconciliation is given
additional, clear expression in the provisions
dealing with the referendum, which state
that the timing of the referendum in the 5-
year window allowed, 10-15 years after the
establishment of the ABG – that is, between
2015 and 2020 – will be determined by reference
to weapons disposal and good governance
(in the case of the latter, defined with regard
to internationally accepted standards as
they are applicable and implemented in the
circumstances of Bougainville and the rest of
Papua New Guinea).AusAI
Bayesian earthquake dating and seismic hazard assessment using chlorine-36 measurements (BED v1)
Over the past twenty years, analyzing the abundance of the isotope chlorine-36 (36Cl) has emerged as a popular
tool for geologic dating. In particular, it has been observed that 36Cl measurements along a fault plane can be used to study
the timings of past ground displacements during earthquakes, which in turn can be used to improve existing seismic hazard
assessment. This approach requires accurate simulations of 36Cl accumulation for a set of fault-scarp rock samples, which
are 5 progressively exhumed during earthquakes, in order to infer displacement histories from 36Cl measurements. While the
physical models underlying such simulations have continuously been improved, the inverse problem of recovering displacement
histories from 36Cl measurements is still mostly solved on an ad-hoc basis. The current work resolves this situation by providing
a MATLAB implementation of a fast, automatic, and flexible Bayesian Markov-chain Monte Carlo algorithm for the inverse
problem, and provides a validation of the 36Cl approach to inference of earthquakes from the demise of the Last Glacial
10 Maximum until present. To demonstrate its performance, we apply our algorithm to a synthetic case to verify identifiability,
and to the Fiamignano and Frattura faults in the Italian Apennines in order to infer their earthquake displacement histories and
to provide seismic hazard assessments. The results suggest high variability in slip rates for both faults, and large displacements
on the Fiamignano fault at times when the Colosseum and other ancient buildings in Rome were damaged
Magnetic structure of CeRhIn under magnetic field
The magnetically ordered ground state of CeRhIn at ambient pressure and
zero magnetic field is an incomensurate helicoidal phase with the propagation
vector =(1/2, 1/2, 0.298) and the magnetic moment in the basal plane of
the tetragonal structure. We determined by neutron diffraction the two
different magnetically ordered phases of CeRhIn evidenced by bulk
measurements under applied magnetic field in its basal plane. The low
temperature high magnetic phase corresponds to a sine-wave structure of the
magnetization being commensurate with =(1/2, 1/2, 1/4). At high
temperature, the phase is incommensurate with =(1/2, 1/2, 0.298) and a
possible small ellipticity. The propagation vector of this phase is the same as
the one of the zero-field structure.Comment: 4 Figure
Foreign Policy and the Ideology of Post-ideology: The Case of Matteo Renzi’s Partito Democratico
The post-communist Italian Left has experienced a long phase of ideational misalignment between ideas placed at different levels, as a qualified discursive institutionalist approach demonstrates. Background public philosophies have often clashed with post-communist political ideology, while foreign policy programmes have often contradicted specific policies. Under the leadership of Matteo Renzi, however, the PD is now experiencing a moment of remarkable ideational consistency. Rather than being founded on entirely new premises, this new consensus folds old elements into new ones and shows all the defining traits of post-ideology. Yet, by espousing post-ideology, Renzi is making an ultimately ideological move whose limitations may soon start to show
Belief aggregation in financial markets and the nature of price fluctuations
We present a model of financial markets, where the belief of the market, expressed by a normal distribution over asset returns, is formed by aggregating in a dynamically consistent way individual subjective beliefs of the market participants, which are likewise assumed to follow normal distributions. We apply this model to a market of traders with standard CARA preferences with the aim of identifying an intrinsic source of price fluctuations. We find that asset prices depend on both Gaussian parameters mean and variance of the market belief, but argue that the latter changes slower than the former. Consequently, price fluctuations are dominated by the covariance matrix of the market participants’ subjective beliefs about expected asset returns
Negotiating safe sex among women of Afro-Surinamese and Dutch Antillean descent in the Netherlands
Decreased olfactory discrimination is associated with impulsivity in healthy volunteers
In clinical populations, olfactory abilities parallel executive function, implicating shared
neuroanatomical substrates within the ventral prefrontal cortex. In healthy individuals, the relationship
between olfaction and personality traits or certain cognitive and behavioural characteristics remains
unexplored. We therefore tested if olfactory function is associated with trait and behavioural impulsivity
in nonclinical individuals. Eighty-three healthy volunteers (50 females) underwent quantitative
assessment of olfactory function (odour detection threshold, discrimination, and identifcation). Each
participant was rated for trait impulsivity index using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale and performed
a battery of tasks to assess behavioural impulsivity (Stop Signal Task, SST; Information Sampling
Task, IST; Delay Discounting). Lower odour discrimination predicted high ratings in non-planning
impulsivity (Barratt Non-Planning impulsivity subscale); both, lower odour discrimination and detection
threshold predicted low inhibitory control (SST; increased motor impulsivity). These fndings extend
clinical observations to support the hypothesis that defcits in olfactory ability are linked to impulsive
tendencies within the healthy population. In particular, the relationship between olfactory abilities and
behavioural inhibitory control (in the SST) reinforces evidence for functional overlap between neural
networks involved in both processes. These fndings may usefully inform the stratifcation of people at
risk of impulse-control-related problems and support planning early clinical interventions
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