49 research outputs found

    The packing density and the coordination number of regular spherical packing

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    The article shows the receiving of density equation of regular spherical packing functioning as an effective coordination number and dimension of space on the basis of six-dimensional physical space determinatio

    Simulation of the coordination number of random sphere packing

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    Given article presents a generalized equation for calculating the average coordination number from the density of a random sphere packing, supplemented by a dependence on the threshold value of the interparticle distance in two- and three-dimensional spaces. It is shown that the calculation of the average coordination numbers according to the proposed equation gives an unambiguous correspondence between the simulated, calculated and experimental data for threshold values of more than 1.02 particle diameters. An explanation of the weak dependence of the average coordinate number on the packing density for small threshold values of the interparticle distance is given in this wor

    Mathematical model of coordination number of spherical packing

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    The article considers a mathematical model of the coordination number, which allows obtaining an equation for multi component spherical packing in the entire range of its change. The resulting model can be used in both 2-d and 3-d spaces. The concept of the coordination index is introduced as a function of the inter-particle distance related to a single particle located near the central particle. The model provides unambiguous compliance between the simulated and calculated data on the coordination numbers of the spherical packin

    Computer modeling of parameters of the electronic shell of the atom

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    In work results of computer modeling of parameters of an electron shell of atom such as orbital radiuses and constants of shielding are presented. It is shown that for atoms with completely filled electronic subshells, the dependence of the orbital radii from the nuclear charge (atomic number) can be described by application of a computing experiment, and to consider the received equations as a basis for extrapolation of data on orbital radiuses on all range of atomic numbers of elements what gives the chance of creation of the full scheme of dependence of orbital radii on charging number of the nucleus and calculation of the average size of ato

    Бпособ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ нСопрСдСлСнности аттСстованного значСния ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ стандартного ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Π°

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    This paper presents the results of a series of studies aimed at investigating the reference material (RM) of a multicomponent solution. An algorithm for estimating the uncertainty induced by the chemical element content in the RM is proposed taking into account the mass of the measurand in each component of the mixture. The results calculated according to the preparation procedure using the proposed algorithm were confirmed by the Monte Carlo method, while the elemental content in the mixture was confirmed via inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. The applicability of weighted mean estimates for characterizing an RM of a multicomponent solution is shown.Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ прСдставлСны Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ исслСдования стандартного ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Π° ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ раствора. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ нСопрСдСлСнности содСрТания химичСского элСмСнта Π² стандартном ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Π΅ с ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ массы элСмСнта Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ смСси. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ расчСтным способом ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡ€Π΅ приготовлСния с использованиСм ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΠ°, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠœΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π΅-ΠšΠ°Ρ€Π»ΠΎ, Π° содСрТания элСмСнтов Π² смСси ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎ-эмиссионной спСктромСтрии с ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ связанной ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠΎΠΉ. Показана Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ примСнимости ΡΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π²Π·Π²Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΊ для Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ стандартного ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Π° ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ раствора

    Π Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° эталонов сравнСния Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ² высокой чистоты

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    The article studies the development of transfer measurement standards in the form of high-purity metals (Ag, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ge, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, V, Zn). The evaluation of the mass fraction of the main component (MDOK) is performed by an indirect method (100 %o minus the sum of impurities). The impurity composition of the reference measurement standard materials was determined by mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma, reductive and oxidative melting using the State primary measurement standard of mass (molar) fraction and mass (molar) concentration of the component in liquid and solid substances and materials, based on coulometry, GET 176. The relative expanded uncertainty of MDOK (k = 2, P = 0,95) in the reference measurement standards was less, than 0,01 %o, in gravimetrically prepared solutions of the reference measurement standard it was less than 0,05 %o in most cases. The solutions of the reference measurement standards were used in the determination of certified values of metal mass fraction and mass concentration in reference materials for composition of mono-element solutions of approved types. The relative expanded uncertainty of certified values (k = 2, P = 0,95) of reference materials variedfrom 0,22 %o to 0,54 %o. Thus, it was demonstrated that metals can be used as reference measurement standards for storing a unit of the mass fraction of the main component and transferring it during characterization of reference materials for composition of solutions of the corresponding chemical elements. This work was performed within the research project Β«Research in the field of measurements of physicochemical composition and properties of substances, aimed at the development of State transfer measurement standards in the form of high-purity substances for reproduction and transfer of the units, characterizing chemical composition of solid substancesΒ» under the code Β«PurityΒ» (2015-2017) and research and development project Β«Research in the field of measurements ofphysicochemical composition and properties of substances, aimed at the development of State transfer measurement standards in the form of high-purity substances for reproduction and transfer of the units, characterizing the chemical composition of solid substances and the development of reference measurement proceduresΒ» under the code Β«Purity-2Β» in the field of physicochemical measurements of composition and properties of inorganic components in solid substances (metals and salts) and food safety indicators under the code Β«Purity-2bΒ» (2017-2019).Π‘Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΡ посвящСна Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ΅ эталонов сравнСния Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ² высокой чистоты (Ag, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ge, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, V, Zn). ΠžΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° массовой Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ основного ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π° (ΠœΠ”ΠžΠš) Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π° косвСнным способом (100 % минус сумма примСсСй). ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ состав ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² эталонов сравнСния ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ масс-спСктромСтрии с ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-связанной ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠΎΠΉ, Π²ΠΎΡΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ плавлСния с ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ГосударствСнного ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ эталона Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ† массовой (молярной) Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈ массовой (молярной) ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π° Π² ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΈ Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄Ρ‹Ρ… вСщСствах ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π°Ρ… Π½Π° основС ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ Π“Π­Π’176. ΠžΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠœΠ”ΠžΠš (k=2, P=0,95) Π² эталонах сравнСния составила ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ 0,01 %, Π² гравимСтричСски ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… растворах эталона сравнСния - ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π΅ 0,05 % Π² Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΡˆΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Π²Π΅ случаСв. Растворы эталонов сравнСния Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ аттСстованных Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ массовой Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈ массовой ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ² Π² стандартных ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†Π°Ρ… состава моноэлСмСнтных растворов ΡƒΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ². ΠžΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ аттСстованных Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ (k=2, P=0,95) стандартных ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†ΠΎΠ² составила ΠΎΡ‚ 0,22% Π΄ΠΎ 0,54%ΠΎ. Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, Π±Ρ‹Π»Π° продСмонстрирована Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ использования ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ² Π² качСствС эталонов сравнСния для хранСния Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ массовой Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ основного ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ стандартных ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†ΠΎΠ² состава растворов ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… химичСских элСмСнтов. Π Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π° Π²Ρ‹ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π° Π² Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ… Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½ΠΎ-ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Β«ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ исслСдований Π² области ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ„ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-химичСского состава ΠΈ свойств вСщСств ΠΏΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ΅ государствСнных эталонов сравнСния Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ высокочистых вСщСств для воспроизвСдСния ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ† Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½, Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… химичСский состав Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄Ρ‹Ρ… вСщСств» ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΡˆΠΈΡ„Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ «Чистота» (2015-2016 Π³Π³.) ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ-конструкторской Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Β«ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ исслСдований Π² области ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Ρ„ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-химичСского состава ΠΈ свойств вСщСств ΠΏΠΎ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ΅ государствСнных эталонов сравнСния Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ высокочистых вСщСств для воспроизвСдСния ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π°Ρ‡ΠΈ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ† Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½, Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… химичСский состав Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΈΡ… вСщСств ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ° Ρ€Π΅Ρ„Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉΒ», ΡˆΠΈΡ„Ρ€ «Чистота-2Β» Π² области Ρ„ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-химичСских ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ состава ΠΈ свойств нСорганичСских ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² Π² Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€Π΄Ρ‹Ρ… вСщСствах (ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π»Π»Ρ‹ ΠΈ соли) ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΈΡ‰Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ бСзопасности» ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ ΡˆΠΈΡ„Ρ€ΠΎΠΌ «Чистота-2Π±Β» (2017-2019 Π³Π³.)

    Alumosilicate ceramic proppants based on natural refractory raw materials

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    The sintering-strengthening effect of the additions of the highly ferrous bauxite (with Fe[2]O[3] content of 20-25 % in the calcined state) in the compositions with refractory clays was established. It was found that in the temperature range 1350-1500°C the additions of bauxite in amounts of 10-40% have a fluxing effect due to the iron oxide introduced with bauxite in compositions with clay. An increasing the bauxite additive in the amount of 50-70% ensures its strengthening effect by increasing the total content of the mullite of the prismatic habit in the firing products of composites with clay. Preliminary clay and bauxite calcination at 900 °Б and an increase in the content of bauxite additive up to 50-70% in compositions with clay allow to produce aluminosilicate proppants with a bulk density of 1.62-1.65 g/сm{3} and compressive strength up to 52 MPa

    НовыС Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΡ‹ оцСнивания значСния аттСстуСмой характСристики стандартных ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†ΠΎΠ² вСщСств ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² способом ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ»Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ аттСстации

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    In this work, algorithms for the characterization of reference materials are developed based on the data model of an interlaboratory experiment containing hidden uncertainties. These algorithms make it possible to evaluate hidden uncertainties, and, taking into account these estimates, adjust the data and obtain an agreed value of the certified characteristics. The Monte Carlo method was used to study the properties of estimates of hidden uncertainties, as well as the study of new algorithms in comparison with traditional ones.Π’ настоящСй Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ Π½Π° основС ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ»Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ экспСримСнта, содСрТащих скрытыС нСопрСдСлСнности, Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Ρ‹ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΡ‹ Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ стандартных ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ скрытыС нСопрСдСлСнности ΠΈ с ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ этих ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΊ ΡΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ согласованноС Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ аттСстуСмой характСристики. ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠœΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Π΅-ΠšΠ°Ρ€Π»ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ исслСдованиС свойств ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΊ скрытых нСопрСдСлСнностСй, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ исслСдованиС Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌΠΎΠ² Π² сравнСнии с Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ

    ΠŸΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π°Ρ рСфСрСнтная ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ массовой Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈ молярной ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ†ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ° Π² биологичСских ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π°Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ масс-спСктромСтрии с ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΏΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Π±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ

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    The establishment and control of the metrological characteristics of the determination of trace elements in biological materials is an urgent task due to the wide application of these measurements in medical laboratory diagnostics. In the course of the research, the process of developing a primary reference procedure for measuring the mass fraction and molar concentration of copper and zinc in biological materials by isotope dilution mass spectrometry is presented. The optimal conditions for sample preparation and measurements by isotope dilution and mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma are determined in order to increase the accuracy. The sources of uncertainty are studied; the contribution of each source to the uncertainty budget is estimated. During the certification of the developed measurement procedure, the following metrological characteristics were determined: the measurement range of the mass fraction of copper and zinc is from 1 βˆ™ 10–6 to 1,5 βˆ™ 10–3 %, the measurement range of the molar concentration of copper and zinc is from 2 to 20 Β΅mol/dm3, the relative expanded measurement uncertainty of the mass fraction of copper is (7.1–7.5) %, the relative expanded uncertainty of the mass fraction of zinc is (8.9–9.2) %, the relative expanded uncertainty of the molar concentration of copper is 8.8 %, the relative expanded uncertainty of the molar concentration of zinc is 8.6 %.The developed procedure is intended to establish the metrological characteristics of reference materials for the composition of lyophilized blood serum and reconstituted lyophilized blood serum, control the accuracy of the measurement results obtained using other procedures (methods) of measuring similar values, perform high-precision measurements of mass fractions and molar concentrations of copper and zinc in lyophilized blood serum and reconstituted lyophilized blood serum for referee purposes.УстановлСниС ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ мСтрологичСских характСристик опрСдСлСния микроэлСмСнтов Π² биологичСских ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π°Ρ… являСтся Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°Π΄Π°Ρ‡Π΅ΠΉ Π² силу ΡˆΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ примСнСния этих ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π² мСдицинской Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ диагностикС.Π’ Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ исслСдования прСдставлСн процСсс Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ€Π΅Ρ„Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ массовой Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈ молярной ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ†ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ° Π² биологичСских ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Π°Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ масс-спСктромСтрии с ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΏΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Π±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ. ΠžΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ условия ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ разбавлСния ΠΈ масс-спСктромСтрии с ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-связанной ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠΎΠΉ с Ρ†Π΅Π»ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ точности. Π˜Π·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ источники нСопрСдСлСнности, ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½Π΅Π½ Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄ ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ источника Π² Π±ΡŽΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ нСопрСдСлСнности. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ аттСстации Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ мСтрологичСскиС характСристики: Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ массовой Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ†ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΡ‚ 1 βˆ™ 10–6 Π΄ΠΎ 1,5 βˆ™ 10–3 %, Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ молярной ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ†ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ° ΠΎΡ‚ 2 Π΄ΠΎ 20 мкмоль/Π΄ΠΌ3, ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ массовой Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ –  (7,1–7,5) %, ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ массовой Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Ρ†ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ° –  (8,9–9,2) %, ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ молярной ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ –  8,8 %, ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ Ρ€Π°ΡΡˆΠΈΡ€Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ молярной ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ†ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ° –  8,6 %.Разработанная ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Π° для установлСния мСтрологичСских характСристик стандартных ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ†ΠΎΠ² состава Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ сыворотки ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΈ восстановлСнной Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ сыворотки ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ, контроля ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… с использованиСм Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊ (ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²) ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½, выполнСния высокоточных ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ массовых Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ молярных ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ†ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ° Π² Π°Ρ€Π±ΠΈΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… цСлях Π² Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ сывороткС ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΈ восстановлСнной Π»ΠΈΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ сывороткС ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ
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