Comment to the paper : Collapse of the vortex-lattice inductance and shear modulus at the melting transition in untwinned YBa2_2Cu3_3O7_7, by Matl \QTR{em}{et al.}

In a recent paper, Matl et al present a high-frequency study of the complex resistivity of a pinned vortex lattice in YBaCuO . They focus on the inductive-to-resistive transition which is investigated as a function of temperature at a constant field $B_0=2$ T, so that the transition is associated with the vanishing of vortex pinning strength. To our view, their conclusions rely on a rather brittle experimental body and the collapse of C66 results from an involved analysis of the finite frequency corrections to $\rho (\omega)$. These corrections are not necessary since the complex frequency spectrum has been previously interpreted by the two modes model, first proposed for low Tc materials. We think that it is more adequate to interpret the present data and should be at least considered.Comment: 4pages tex. submitted to PR

Magnon Broadening Effect by Magnon-Phonon Interaction in Colossal Magnetoresistance Manganites

In order to study the magnetic excitation behaviors in colossal magnetoresistance manganites, a magnon-phonon interacting system is investigated. Sudden broadening of magnon linewidth is obtained when a magnon branch crosses over an optical phonon branch. Onset of the broadening is approximately determined by the magnon density of states. Anomalous magnon damping at the brillouine zone boundary observed in low Curie temperature manganites is explained.Comment: 4 pages incl. 4 figs. New e-mail: [email protected]

Role of Orbital Degeneracy in Double Exchange Systems

We investigate the role of orbital degeneracy in the double exchange (DE) model. In the $J_{H}\to\infty$ limit, an effective generalized ``Hubbard'' model incorporating orbital pseudospin degrees of freedom is derived. The model possesses an exact solution in one- and in infinite dimensions. In 1D, the metallic phase off ``half-filling'' is a Luttinger liquid with pseudospin-charge separation. Using the $d=\infty$ solution for our effective model, we show how many experimental observations for the well-doped ($x\simeq 0.3$) three-dimensional manganites $La_{1-x}Sr_{x}MnO_{3}$ can be qualitatively explained by invoking the role of orbital degeneracy in the DE model.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Hall Effect of La2/3(Ca,Pb)1/3MnO3 Single Crystals near the Critical Temperature

The Hall resistivity rho_{xy} of a La_{2/3}(Ca,Pb)_{1/3}MnO_3 single crystal has been measured as a function of temperature and field. The overall behavior is similar to that observed previously in thin-films. At 5 K, rho_{xy} is positive and linear in field, indicating that the anomalous contribution $R_S$ is negligible. However, the effective carrier density in a free electron model is n_{eff}=2.4 holes/Mn, even larger than the 0.85-1.9 holes/Mn reported for thin-films and far larger than the 0.33 holes/Mn expected from the doping level. As temperature increases, a strong, negative contribution to rho_{xy} appears, that we ascribe to R_S. Using detailed magnetization data, we separate the ordinary (\propto B) and anomalous (\propto M) contributions. Below T_C, R_S \propto rho_{xx}, indicating that magnetic skew scattering is the dominant mechanism in the metallic ferromagnetic regime. At and above the resistivity-peak temperature, we find that rho_{xy}/rho_{xx}M is a constant, independent of temperature and field. This implies that the anomalous Hall coefficient is proportional to the magnetoresistance. A different explanation based on two fluid model is also presented.Comment: revtex, 11 pages, 4 figure

Breakdown of the lattice polaron picture in La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 single crystals

When heated through the magnetic transition at Tc, La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 changes from a band metal to a polaronic insulator. The Hall constant R_H, through its activated behavior and sign anomaly, provides key evidence for polaronic behavior. We use R_H and the Hall mobility to demonstrate the breakdown of the polaron phase. Above 1.4Tc, the polaron picture holds in detail, while below, the activation energies of both R_H and the mobility deviate strongly from their polaronic values. These changes reflect the presence of metallic, ferromagnetic fluctuations, in the volume of which the Hall effect develops additional contributions tied to quantal phases.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, final version to appear in Phys. Rev. B Rapi

Quantum Spin Pump in S=1/2 antiferromagnetic chains -Holonomy of phase operators in sine-Gordon theory-

In this paper, we propose the quantum spin pumping in quantum spin systems where an applied electric field ($E$) and magnetic field ($H$) cause a finite spin gap to its critical ground state. When these systems are subject to alternating electromangetic fields; $(E,H)=(\sin\frac{2\pi t}{T},\cos\frac{2\pi t}{T})$ and travel along the {\it{loop}} $\Gamma_{\rm{loop}}$ which encloses their critical ground state in this $E$-$H$ phase diagram, the locking potential in the sine-Gordon model slides and changes its minimum. As a result, the phase operator acquires $2\pi$ holonomy during one cycle along $\Gamma_{\rm{loop}}$, which means that the quantized spin current has been transported through the bulk systems during this adiabatic process. The relevance to real systems such as Cu-benzoate and ${\rm{Yb}}_4{\rm{As}}_3$ is also discussed.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, to be published in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 74 (2005) no. 4. Typos corrected in the revised versio

Collapse of the vortex-lattice inductance and shear modulus at the melting transition in untwinned YBa2Cu3O7\rm YBa_2Cu_3O_7

The complex resistivity $\hat{\rho}(\omega)$ of the vortex lattice in an untwinned crystal of 93-K $\rm YBa_2Cu_3O_7$ has been measured at frequencies $\omega/2\pi$ from 100 kHz to 20 MHz in a 2-Tesla field $\bf H\parallel c$, using a 4-probe RF transmission technique that enables continuous measurements versus $\omega$ and temperature $T$. As $T$ is increased, the inductance ${\cal L}_s(\omega) ={\rm Im} \hat{\rho}(\omega)/ \omega$ increases steeply to a cusp at the melting temperature $T_m$, and then undergoes a steep collapse consistent with vanishing of the shear modulus $c_{66}$. We discuss in detail the separation of the vortex-lattice inductance from the `volume' inductance, and other skin-depth effects. To analyze the spectra, we consider a weakly disordered lattice with a low pin density. Close fits are obtained to $\rho_1(\omega)$ over 2 decades in $\omega$. Values of the pinning parameter $\kappa$ and shear modulus $c_{66}$ obtained show that $c_{66}$ collapses by over 4 decades at $T_m$, whereas $\kappa$ remains finite.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures, Phys. Rev. B, in pres

Evidence for charge localization in the ferromagnetic phase of La_(1-x)Ca_(x)MnO_3 from High real-space-resolution x-ray diffraction

High real-space-resolution atomic pair distribution functions of La_(1-x)Ca_(x)MnO_3 (x=0.12, 0.25 and 0.33) have been measured using high-energy x-ray powder diffraction to study the size and shape of the MnO_6 octahedron as a function of temperature and doping. In the paramagnetic insulating phase we find evidence for three distinct bond-lengths (~ 1.88, 1.95 and 2.15A) which we ascribe to Mn^{4+}-O, Mn^{3+}-O short and Mn^{3+}-O long bonds respectively. In the ferromagnetic metallic (FM) phase, for x=0.33 and T=20K, we find a single Mn-O bond-length; however, as the metal-insulator transition is approached either by increasing T or decreasing x, intensity progressively appears around r=2.15 and in the region 1.8 - 1.9A suggesting the appearance of Mn^{3+}-O long bonds and short Mn^{4+}-O bonds. This is strong evidence that charge localized and delocalized phases coexist close to the metal-insulator transition in the FM phase.Comment: 8 pages, 8 postscript figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Charge Transport in Manganites: Hopping Conduction, the Anomalous Hall Effect and Universal Scaling

The low-temperature Hall resistivity \rho_{xy} of La_{2/3}A_{1/3}MnO_3 single crystals (where A stands for Ca, Pb and Ca, or Sr) can be separated into Ordinary and Anomalous contributions, giving rise to Ordinary and Anomalous Hall effects, respectively. However, no such decomposition is possible near the Curie temperature which, in these systems, is close to metal-to-insulator transition. Rather, for all of these compounds and to a good approximation, the \rho_{xy} data at various temperatures and magnetic fields collapse (up to an overall scale), on to a single function of the reduced magnetization m=M/M_{sat}, the extremum of this function lying at m~0.4. A new mechanism for the Anomalous Hall Effect in the inelastic hopping regime, which reproduces these scaling curves, is identified. This mechanism, which is an extension of Holstein's model for the Ordinary Hall effect in the hopping regime, arises from the combined effects of the double-exchange-induced quantal phase in triads of Mn ions and spin-orbit interactions. We identify processes that lead to the Anomalous Hall Effect for localized carriers and, along the way, analyze issues of quantum interference in the presence of phonon-assisted hopping. Our results suggest that, near the ferromagnet-to-paramagnet transition, it is appropriate to describe transport in manganites in terms of carrier hopping between states that are localized due to combined effect of magnetic and non-magnetic disorder. We attribute the qualitative variations in resistivity characteristics across manganite compounds to the differing strengths of their carrier self-trapping, and conclude that both disorder-induced localization and self-trapping effects are important for transport.Comment: 29 pages, 20 figure

Orbital ferromagnetism and anomalous Hall effect in antiferromagnets on distorted fcc lattice

The Berry phase due to the spin wavefunction gives rise to the orbital ferromagnetism and anomalous Hall effect in the non-coplanar antiferromagnetic ordered state on face centered cubic (fcc) lattice once the crystal is distorted perpendicular to (1,1,1) or (1,1,0)- plane. The relevance to the real systems $\gamma$-FeMn and NiS$_2$ is also discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure