SPATIAL YIELD RISK ISSUES: COMPARING YIELD RISK ACROSS REGION, CROP AND AGGREGATION METHOD

Crop yield risk analysis is difficult since historic field level yields are often not available. Spatially aggregated yield data are available, however, but aggregation distortion for farm level analysis may exist. This paper addresses how much aggregation distortion to expect and offers some adjustment solutions across crops and production regions.Risk and Uncertainty,

Comparison of Nursing Staff Calculation Based on the TIME and Motion Study and Douglas Method

Introduction: The increase of the quality of service requires human resource with good quality and quantity. In health service, nursing staff need can be calculated by using many methods, such as Gillies method, ratio method, nursing workshop method, Thailand and Philippine method, Nina method, and Douglas method. Besides those six methods, nursing staff need can be calculated by calculating worktime and workload. This method is called Time and Motion Study. Douglas method is used to calculate nursing staff need at IRNA Bedah A Dr. Soetomo Hospital. The objective of this study was to compare the calculation of nursing staff need using Douglas method and Time and Motion Study. Method: This study used descriptive design with observational approach. Samples, taken by total sampling, were 12 nurses at IRNA Bedah A Dr. Soetomo hospital for Time and Motion Study and all patients at IRNA Bedah A. Data for Douglas method were collected by using classification of patient's dependence into 3 categories, i.e; self care, partial care, and total care. Data for Time and Motion Study were collected by using observation of nurse's activities and calculate nurse's worktime and nurse's workload. The results showed that according to Douglas method, IRNA Bedah A needed 16 nurses, and according to Time and Motion Study, IRNA Bedah A needed 14 nurses. The mean of patient's dependence in one week was 13 patients with self care, 3 patients with partial care, and 4 patients with total care. Result: Total productive time of the nurses at IRNA Bedah A was 3.83 hours in the morning, 2.37 hours in the afternoon, and 5.25 hours at night. Nurse's workload at IRNA Bedah A was 34.62%. Analysis: It can be concluded that calculation by using method Douglas shows that IRNA Bedah A needs more nurses compared with calculation by using Time and Motion Study. Discussion: Time and Motion Study is more effective than Douglas method to calculate nursing staff need. Most patients at IRNA Bedah A is self care. Most nurse's activity at IRNA Bedah A is non-productive activity. Most of the nurse's activities at IRNA Bedah A have done based on the standard of procedure. Nurse's workload at IRNA Bedah A is underload

Evaluasi Program Konversi Minyak Tanah Ke Lpg (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) Di Kelurahan Tembalang, Kec. Tembalang, Kota Semarang

Kerosene to LPG program in Kelurahan Tembalang is a program of the central government. This program is an effort by the government to address the heightened oil prices and depleting the availability. World oil prices are rising, affecting the size of the state budget for it, the government convert kerosene to LPG. In addition, the abundant presence of LPG in Indonesia and has not been used optimally. Kerosene to LPG is intended for the middle class and small kerosene users.The purpose of this study was to evaluate and analyze the conversion program from kerosene to LPG in Kelurahan Tembalang, so it can be seen that the impact occurred, success factors, barriers, and recommendations of the program further. The evaluation program is based on indicators by William N Dunn which include: equity, adequacy, and accuracy and indicators according to a LAN that includes: input, output, outcome, benefits and impacts. In this study, researchers used a snowball sampling technique. Data collection method used is in-depth interview techniques, observation and study documentation.This study suggests that the conversion program from kerosene to LPG in Kelurahan Tembalang has both positive and negative. The positive effect is caused by the public convenience and saving of expenditure, while the negative effects are elderly people who are afraid to use LPG 3 kg. Kerosene to LPG in Kelurahan Tembalang running less successful because most of the middle above the target program and the people are reluctant to use LPG. Inhibiting factor is the lack of monitoring of the government, the state of society with poor conditions, 3 kg LPG price in excess of HET

Pengaruh Pengetahuan Keuangan, Sikap Keuangan dan Kepribadian Terhadap Perilaku Manajemen Keuangan Pada Pelaku UMKM Sentra Tenun Ikat Kecamatan Kota Soe Kabupaten TTS

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) pengaruh Pengetahuan Keuangan terhadap Perilaku Manajemen Keuangan pada pelaku UMKM Sentra Tenun Ikat Kecamatan Kota Soe Kabupaten TTS, (2) pengaruh Sikap Keuangan terhadap Perilaku Manajemen Keuangan pada Pelaku UMKM Sentra Tenun Ikat Kecamatan Kota Soe Kabupaten TTS, (3) pengaruh Kepribadian terhadap Perilaku Manajemen Keuangan pada Pelaku UMKM Sentra Tenun Ikat Kecamatan Kota Soe Kabupaten TTS, (4) dan pengaruh Pengetahuan Keuangan, Sikap Keuangan, dan Kepribadian terhadap Perilaku Manajemen Keuangan pada Pelaku UMKM Sentra Tenun Ikat Kecamatan Kota Soe Kabupaten TTS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) terdapat pengaruh positif Pengetahuan Keuangan terhadap Perilaku Manajemen Keuangan pada pelaku UMKM Sentra Tenun Ikat Kecamatan Kota Soe Kabupaten TTS dengan thitung (4,619) lebih besar daripada ttabel yaitu (2,034) dan nilai signifikansinya lebih kecil dari 0,05 yaitu 0,000, (2) terdapat pengaruh positif Sikap Keuangan terhadap Perilaku Manajemen Keuangan pada pelaku UMKM Sentra Tenun Ikat Kecamatan Kota Soe Kabupaten TTS dengan thitung (3,557) lebih besar daripada ttabel (2,034) dan nilai signfikansinya lebih kecil dari 0,05 yaitu 0,001, (3) terdapat pengaruh positif Kepribadian terhadap Perilaku Manajemen Keuangan pada pelaku UMKM Sentra Tenun Ikat Kecamatan Kota Soe Kabupaten TTS dengan thitung (2,732) lebih besar dari ttabel yaitu (2,034) dan nilai signifikansinya lebih kecil dari 0,05 yaitu 0,010, (4) terdapat pengaruh positif Pengetahuan Keuangan, Sikap Keuangan, dan Kepribadian terhadap Perilaku Manajemen Keuangan pada pelaku UMKM Sentra Tenun Ikat Kecamatan Kota Soe Kabupaten TTS dengan Fhitung (15,948) lebih besar daripada Ftabel (2,89) dan nilai signifikansinya lebih kecil daripada 0,05 yaitu 0,000

THE EFFECT OF THE POP-UP BOOK AKU DAN GIGIKU ON BLOOD PRESSURE IN CHILDREN AGED 4–6 YEARS

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the pop-up book Aku dan gigiku as an intervention strategy in reducing anxiety in young children before dentaltreatment.Methods: 78 children aged 4–6 years were randomly divided into two groups: An intervention group with the pop-up book intervention and a control group without the pop-up book intervention. They were placed in a waiting room, and their blood pressure was measured. The experimental design of this clinical research was statistically analyzed using independent t-tests to compare decreased blood pressure between the intervention and control groups.Results: The result of the study revealed that there was a statistically significant difference in decreased blood pressure with the intervention of the pop-up book Aku dan gigiku. As dental anxiety leads to undesirable distresses, it generates physiological changes such as blood pressure. Interventions should thus be undertaken to reduce dentalanxiety, and the pop-up book is an example of an intervention medium as it educates children and presents interesting illustrations.Conclusion: The pop-up book Aku dan gigiku thus appears to be an effective method in reducing anxiety in children aged 4–6 years when used as an intervention strategy before dental treatment.Â