Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Leaf Area Estimation Using Allometric Model

Abstract: Allometric relationship (LA = aL W , where a, b and c are the parameters) was fitted between bc the true leaf area and extreme linear measurements viz. length and width of groundnut (Arachis hypogeae L.) leaves to obtain the total leaf area without having to make the time-consuming area measurements directly. Groundnut (var. CO2) was raised at Coconut research station, Aliyar Nagar, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore from which one hundred and twenty seven leaves were randomly selected at flowering stage. The allometric relationship between true leaf area and extreme linear measurements were fitted by ordinary least square (OLS) method. The predicted allometric model for the leaf area of groundnut was TLAm = 0.8955 L W . Also, using the same extreme linear 1.0842 0.7569 measurements and true leaf area, average 'K' factor was determined as 0.821 to use in the estimation of leaf area by using the formula TLAm = k * L * W. Both the model's predictability was tested for their validity using R and chi square tests. The allometric model fitted well to predict the true leaf area by 94%.

Growth Characters, Physiological Parameters, Yield Attributes and Yield as Influenced by the Confectionery Groundnut Varieties and Plant Population

Abstract: Field experiments were conducted at Coconut Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Aliyar Nagar during Rabi 2002-'03 and Kharif 2003. The treatment consisted of four groundnut varieties viz., TG 41, TG 42, CO 3 and VRI 2 and four plant spacing viz., 30 x 10, 30 x 15, 45 x 10 and 45 x 15 cm. The results indicated that the variety VRI 2 had the highest LAI, CGR and DMP as compared to other varieties. The highest total chlorophyll content was noticed with TG 42 and the lowest values were observed with VRI 2. The highest RGR, soluble protein content and nitrate reductase activity were observed with CO 3 during both the seasons whereas; TG 41 groundnut variety registered the highest NAR than that of other varieties. With regard to yield attributes viz., hundred kernel weight, shelling percentage and SMK percentage were highest with TG 41 groundnut variety and the next best variety was CO 3 during both the seasons of study. Regarding plant spacing, wider spacing of 45 x 15 cm significantly had the highest CGR and RGR. With respect to LAI, DMP, NAR, peg to pod per cent and pod yield, the closer spacing of 30 x 10 cm significantly had the highest values during both the seasons

A bibliometric analysis of the Journal of Agrometeorology (JAM) from 2008 to 2022

A quantitative analysis of scientific articles published in the Journal of Agrometeorology (JAM) between 2008 and 2022 was conducted using a variety of scientometric indicators. Various metrics were utilized to examine aspects including yearly research output, highly referenced sources, author rankings, contributions and profiles, cooperation trends, highly contributing nations, most cited papers, commonly searched keywords and worldwide collaboration mapping. This study employs biblioshiny for analysis and only looks at data that is available in Scopus database. With an h-index (17), a g-index (21) and 3238 total citations across the study period, the journal demonstrated considerable influence. With the greatest number of research publications (n=46) and the greatest number of citations (236), Pandey V stands out among other authors. In terms of the number of papers and citations, India emerged as the leading nation, with the Punjab Agricultural University in the lead with 744 publications. Four clusters were found by co-citation network analysis, with Allen RG being the most quoted author among them. The study also highlighted the fact that Indian authors worked together the most. This analysis is important for assessing the influence of the JAM and offers insightful information about noteworthy research trends and developments in the scientific community

Optimizing Establishment Methods and Weed Management Practices on Growth, Yield and Economics of Maize under Irrigated Condition

To study the performance of different crop establishment techniques and weed management practices on growth, yield attributes, yield and economics of maize hybrid, field experiment was conducted during Summer 2023 season.The treatment comprised of different sowing methods viz., pneumatic precision planter, manual rotary dibbler and manual dibbling and these treatments were compared with varied weed management practices such as pre-emergence (PE) application with atrazine 50 %  WP @ 0.75 kg ha-1 at 3 DAS + power weeding at 20 and 40 DAS, pre-emergence (PE) application with atrazine 50 % WP @ 0.75 kgha-1 at 3 DAS + hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS and pre-emergence (PE) application with atrazine 50 %  WP @ 0.75 kg ha-1 at 3 DAS + early post-emergence (EPoE) application with topramezone 33.6 % SC @ 25.2 g ha-1 at 20 DAS. The results revealed that manual dibbling under conventional levelled ridges and furrows and pre-emergence application of atrazine 50 % WP @ 0.75 kg ha-1 at 3 DAS through drone followed by power weeding at 20 and 40 DAS recorded the highest vigour index, root length, volume  and biomass. Early field emergence was noticed with manual dibbling under ridges and furrows which wasfollowed by pneumatic precision planter. However, higher LAI was recorded under manual rotary dibbler followed by pneumatic precision planter. Pre-emergence application of atrazine 50 % WP @ 0.75 kgha-1 at 3 DAS + hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS had significantly less weed density and dry weight and the next best treatment was pre-emergence application with atrazine 50 % WP @ 0.75 kg ha-1 at 3 DAS + power weeding at 20 and 40 DAS. Significantly higher grain and stover yieldwas obtained under manual rotary dibbler treatment which was at par with pneumatic precision planter. Highest net returns and benefit cost ratio were observed with manual rotary dibbler followed by atrazine 50 % WP @ 0.75 kg ha-1 at 3 DAS + power weeding at 20 and 40 DAS

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Evaluation of castor pistillate lines and analysis of mode of inheritance for resistance to Fusarium wilt disease in castor (Ricinus communis L.)

Castor is an industrially economic and valuable oilseed crop cultivated worldwide. There is a constant upsurge in demand for its oil. But wilt caused by Fusarium spp. is a devastating disease that severely affects the productivity depending upon the crop stage. Stable high yielding pistillate lines serve as donors in heterosis breeding programme and for further biotechnological advancements. Genetic characterization of wilt resistance indicated the role of duplicate dominant epistasis in YTP 1 × TMV 5, complementary epistasis in DPC 9 × JP 65 and JP 65 × SKI 215, duplicate recessive epistasis in YRCP 1 × DPC 9. Monogenic recessive nature of wilt resistance was reported in other four cross combinations viz., YRCP 2 × JP 65, SKP 84 × JP 65, YRCP 2 × DPC 9 and YRCP 2 × SKP 84. Magnified images taken using LED phase contrast microscope portrayed the presence of microconidia and macroconidia and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image analysis showed the presence of intact internal cell structures in resistant check (48−1) while the cell structures were disturbed with mycelial growth in the susceptible check (JI 35). Among 21 pistillate lines screened, seven viz., DPC 9, DPC 16, SKP 84, JP 96, GEETA, M 574 and M 619–1 were resistant. By screening P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1F1 (P1) and BC1F1 (P2) generations of eight crosses under field and pot test method, the stable pistillate line DPC 9 was found to be wilt resistant. F1 generation plants expressed 100% susceptibility indicating the recessive nature of wilt resistance. JP 65 × SKI 215 and YRCP 1 × DPC 9 showed the minimum incidence comparing other F2 populations. The backcross (YRCP 1 × DPC 9) × DPC 9 was found to possess the lowest wilt incidence compared to other populations under field and green house condition. Hence the identified lines could be better used to develop wilt resistant high yielding hybrid and for further identifying and introgressing genomic regions conferring wilt resistance to high yielding popular variety through linkage/QTL mapping technique

An Insight into the Physico-chemical Properties of Soil under Rice-based Cropping Systems

An experiment was conducted with seven cropping systems T1 (Rice – Rice), T2 (Rice – (Green gram / Black gram), T3 (Rice - Cotton), T4 (Rice – Sesame), T5 (Rice – Maize), T6 (Rice – Dhaincha), T7 (Rice – Rice – Rice) during the rabi season (October to January), 2021-2022. At the post-harvest stage, samples were collected from several cropping systems in the experimental plot. In the Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India, cropping systems were examined for physico-chemical analysis. Cropping systems differed in physicochemical properties as a result of soil variance. Rice - (green gram/black gram) has better nutrient status than other farming systems. Rice-rice-rice was found to have lower nutrient status

A green synthesis of benzimidazoles

1152-1156Various 2-substituted benzimidazole derivatives in moderate to good yield have been prepared in a one-pot reaction by condensation of o-phenylenediamine and an aldehyde in the presence of ammonium chloride as a catalyst at 80-90°C. The reaction is green and economically viable

Crystal structure of 3′-(1H-indole-3-carbonyl)-1′-methyl-2-oxo-4′-(4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)spiro[indoline-3,2′-pyrrolidine]-3′-carbonitrile

In the title compound, C31H22N4O4, the pyrrolidine ring adopts a twist conformation on the N—CH2 bond. The indolin-2-one and the 1H-indole rings are nearly planar (r.m.s. deviations = 0.06 and 0.011 Å, respectively) and are inclined to one another by 34.19 (9)°. The chromene ring system is also nearly planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.029 Å). It is almost normal to the 1H-indole ring system, with a dihedral angle of 88.71 (8)°, and is inclined to the indolin-2-one ring system by 72.76 (8)°. In the crystal, molecules are linked via N—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming slabs parallel to (10-1). The slabs are linked by C—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional structure

Nutrient Management Strategies for Groundnut-blackgram Cropping Sequences

Aims: To refine nutrient management practices for the groundnut-blackgram cropping sequence, focusing on enhancing both yield and quality. Study Design:  The experiment was conducted in a split-plot design with three replications. Place and Duration of Study: Regional Research Station in Vridhachalam during the Kharif and rabi season of 2016-17. Methodology: The experimental encompassed various nutrient levels applied to groundnut in the main plots: M1-Control, M2-100% RDF, M3-125% RDF, and M4-150% RDF. Additionally, different nutrient levels were applied to the blackgram subplot: S1-Control, S2-50% RDF, S3-75% RDF, and S4-100% RDF. Results: Analysis of the results indicated that use of 125% RDF in groundnut significantly provide higher pod yield (2657 kg/ha). However, the control group recorded a significantly lower pod yield. Subsequent blackgram seed yield was notably influenced by inorganic fertilizers applied to the preceding groundnut crop. In blackgram, the application of 75% RDF resulted in a higher number of pods per plant (34.6), No. of branches/plant (7.8) and seed yield (823 kg/ha). This performance was comparable to the application of 100% RDF Conclusion: These findings underscore the importance of optimizing nutrient management practices, particularly the combination of 125% RDF for groundnut, to enhance pod yield, while the application of 75% RDF demonstrated positive effects on subsequent blackgram seed yield