22 research outputs found

    Elektroosadzanie i charakterystyka nanokompozytowych powłok Ni/Al2O3

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    The composite coatings containing of nanocrystalline Ni matrix and hard nano-sized ?-Al2O3 were electrodeposited in a system with a rotating disk electrode. The bath composition (nickel salts and buffer concentration, presence of surface-active agents and inert particles) influence on kinetics of Ni electrodeposition as well as on structural properties (morphology, phase composition, texture, residual stresses) and microhardness of Ni/Al2O3 coatings has been investigated. SEM and TEM studies show more uniform arrangement of Al2O3 particles in the matrix, however a tendency to agglomeration is observed. Surfactant application to a saccharine containing bath effectively improves the dispersion of nanoparticles into the nickel matrix. The addition of Al2O3 particles results in decrease of the average Ni crystallite size. The introduction of additive into electrolyte solution resulted in change of stress character of composite coatings (from tensile to compressive). The microhardness of Ni matrix was enhanced (about 40%) due to incorporation of ceramic particles.Nanokrystaliczne powłoki kompozytowe z osnowa Ni zawierajace ceramiczna faze dyspersyjna w postaci -Al2O3 o rozmiarach nanometrycznych zostały elektroosadzone w układzie z wirujaca elektroda dyskowa. W pracy analizowano wpływ składu kapieli (zawartosc soli niklu, obecnosc zwiazków powierzchniowo-czynnych i czastek obojetnych) na kinetyke procesu elektroosadzania, jak równiez na własciwosci strukturalne (morfologie, skład fazowy, teksture, naprezenia własne) oraz mikrotwardosc powłok Ni/Al2O3. Badania wykonane za pomoca SEM i TEM wykazały, ze czastki Al2O3 sa w znacznym stopniu równomiernie rozmieszczone w osnowie, jednak z tendencja do aglomeracji. Dodanie srodka powierzchnio-czynnego do kapieli zawierajacej sacharyne zwiekszyło dyspersje nanoczastek w osnowie niklu. Stwierdzono, ze obecnosc czastek Al2O3 powoduje obnizenie wielkosci krystalitów osnowy Ni. Wprowadzenie dodatków do elektrolitu wpłyneło na zmiane charakteru naprezen własnych uzyskanych powłok, jak równiez na ich mikrotwardosc (wzrost o około 40%)

    Analysis of fracture of thin ceramic and carbon coatings by modeling and indentation experiments

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    Praca zawiera analizę deformacji i naprężeń prowadzących do niszczenia układów powłoka–podłoże przez odkształcenia plastyczne podłoża i pękanie twardych powłok. Do analizy wykorzystano obliczenia numeryczne metodą elementów skończonych oraz wyniki testów indentacyjnych. Badano powłoki ceramiczne TiN oraz węglowe a-C:H nałożone na stalowe podłoża. Określono obciążenia prowadzące do powstawania charakterystycznych form niszczenia oraz towarzyszący im stan naprężeń. Wpływ mikrostruktury powłok na powstawanie i propagację pęknięć badano z użyciem mikroskopii SEM i TEM.In article consideration about deformations and failure of coating-substrate system by plastic deformation of substrate and coatings fracture were presented. Analysis were based on FEM modelling and spherical microindentation results. Such complex analysis allow to determine critical loads and corresponding stress distribution leading to coatings fracture. Ceramic TiN and carbon a-C:H coatings deposited on X10CrNi 18-8 steel substrates were under consideration. It was found that tensile stress on the coatings surfaces, caused formation of first annular cracks, is ?R = 6.5 i 2.4 GPa for TiN and a-C:H coatings respectively. SEM and TEM microscopic investigations have shown great impact of coating microstructure on trough thickness crack propagation

    How to prepare bacteria with adsorbed nanoparticles for SEM and TEM observations

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    Properties of electrodeposited Ni-Mo coatings

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    W artykule przedstawiono badania powłok Ni-Mo osadzanych metodą elektrochemiczną. Analizowano właściwości mechaniczne i tribologiczne powłok Ni-Mo wytwarzanych przy gęstościach prądu osadzania z zakresu 0,5–5 A/dm2. Badane powłoki charakteryzują się twardością od 6,4 do 7,8 GPa oraz modułem sprężystości Younga 180–260 GPa. W zależności od stosowanych parametrów prądowych podczas osadzania uzyskane powłoki znacząco różniły się charakterem deformacji występujących na skutek odkształceń sprężysto-plastycznych lub kruchego pękania oraz odpornością na zużycie. Duże różnice we właściwościach powłok tłumaczono ich różną mikrostrukturą, którą wyznaczono z użyciem mikroskopii SEM i TEM.Mechanical and tribological properties of electrodeposited Ni-Mo coating were studied. Coatings of 30 žm thickness were deposited under different cathodic current densities 0.5-5 A/dm2 on steel disc substrates. Microhardness and Young's modulus of electrodeposits were measured by Vickers instrumented microindentation method. Tested coatings have a hardness from 6.4 to 7.8 GPa and Young's modulus of 180-260 GPa. Coatings show significantly different characters of deformation from elastic-plastic to brittle fracture that were found from spherical indentation test results. Wear tests done on ball-on-disc tribometer indicate that coatings produced at a current density higher than 3 A/dm2 have a higher wear resistance of several times, which corresponds to the decrease of the coefficient of friction from 0.8 to 0.25. Large differences in hardness and wear resistance of Ni-Mo coatings were explained by significant differences in Mo content and the surface roughness of coatings obtained at different current densities. Microstructure and stresses of electrodeposits were performed using SEM and X-ray diffraction techniques. Properties of Ni-Mo coatings were compared with the hard chromium coating that is used in industry - WSK-PZL Rzeszow

    Surface Structure and Morphology of M[CoM′]O<sub>4</sub> (M = Mg, Zn, Fe, Co and M′ = Ni, Al, Mn, Co) Spinel NanocrystalsDFT+U and TEM Screening Investigations

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    Plane wave periodic GGA-PBE+U density functional theory calculations were used to study the structure, surface energy, and equilibrium shape of faceted nanocrystals for a series of cubic (<i>Fd</i>3<i>m</i>) 2–3 AB<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> spinels with the following formula: Co­[Co<sub>2</sub>]­O<sub>4</sub>, Mg­[Co<sub>2</sub>]­O<sub>4</sub>, Zn­[Co<sub>2</sub>]­O<sub>4</sub>, Co­[NiCo]­O<sub>4</sub>, Co­[MnCo]­O<sub>4</sub>, Fe­[FeCo]­O<sub>4</sub>, and Co­[Al<sub>2</sub>]­O<sub>4</sub>. Their bulk geometries (lattice constants and oxygen <i>u</i> parameters) as well as electronic and magnetic properties were computed and compared with experimental data. All planes, (100), (110), and (111), exposed by the spinel nanocrystallites of equilibrium morphology were taken into account, and their atomic structure, reconstruction, and stabilization were elucidated and systematized in terms of the structural oxygen <i>u</i> parameter. The strongest relaxation of the A cations was observed for the (100) plane, whereas that for the B cations was on the (111) plane. By using the calculated surface energy values, the shapes of the spinel nanocrystallites were predicted by means of the Wulff construction and classified according to their shapes into singly and doubly truncated hexahedra (rhombicuboctahedra) and truncated octahedra. The results were compared with experimental TEM and STEM pictures, corroborated by image simulation
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