1,762 research outputs found
Specific star formation rates to redshift 5 from the FORS Deep Field and the GOODS-S Field
We explore the build-up of stellar mass in galaxies over a wide redshift
range 0.4 < z < 5.0 by studying the evolution of the specific star formation
rate (SSFR), defined as the star formation rate per unit stellar mass, as a
function of stellar mass and age. Our work is based on a combined sample of ~
9000 galaxies from the FORS Deep Field and the GOODS-S field, providing high
statistical accuracy and relative insensitivity against cosmic variance. As at
lower redshifts, we find that lower-mass galaxies show higher SSFRs than higher
mass galaxies, although highly obscured galaxies remain undetected in our
sample. Furthermore, the highest mass galaxies contain the oldest stellar
populations at all redshifts, in principle agreement with the existence of
evolved, massive galaxies at 1 < z < 3. It is remarkable, however, that this
trend continues to very high redshifts of z ~ 4. We also show that with
increasing redshift the SSFR for massive galaxies increases by a factor of ~
10, reaching the era of their formation at z ~ 2 and beyond. These findings can
be interpreted as evidence for an early epoch of star formation in the most
massive galaxies, and ongoing star-formation activity in lower mass galaxies.Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJL; 4 pages, 2 color figures, uses
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The Kormendy relation of massive elliptical galaxies at z~1.5. Evidence for size evolution ?
We present the morphological analysis based on HST-NIC2 (0.075 arcsec/pixel)
images in the F160W filter of a sample of 9 massive field (> 10^{11} M_\odot)
galaxies spectroscopically classified as early-types at 1.2<z<1.7. Our analysis
shows that all of them are bulge dominated systems. In particular, 6 of them
are well fitted by a de Vaucouleurs profile (n=4) suggesting that they can be
considered pure elliptical galaxies. The remaining 3 galaxies are better fitted
by a Sersic profile with index 1.9<n<2.3 suggesting that a disk-like component
could contribute up to 30% to the total light of these galaxies. We derived the
effective radius R_e and the mean surface brightness within R_e of our
galaxies and we compared them with those of early-types at lower redshifts. We
find that the surface brightness of our galaxies should get fainter by
2.5 mag from z~1.5 to z~0 to match the surface brightness of the local
ellipticals with comparable R_e, i.e. the local Kormendy relation. Luminosity
evolution without morphological changes can only explain half of this effect,
as the maximum dimming expected for an elliptical galaxy is ~1.6 mag in this
redshift range. Thus, other parameters, possibly structural, may undergo
evolution and play an important role in reconciling models and observations.
Hypothesizing an evolution of the effective radius of galaxies we find that R_e
should increase by a factor 1.5 from z~1.5 to z~0.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 15 pages, 8 figure
Baade's red sheet resolved into stars with HST in the Blue Compact Dwarf Galaxy VII Zw 403
HST WFPC2 observations of the nearby Blue Compact Dwarf Galaxy VII~Zw~403 (=
UGC 6456) resolve single stars down to M-2.5, deep enough to
identify red giants. This population has a more uniform spatial distribution
than the young main-sequence stars and supergiants, forming the structure known
as "Baade's red sheet". We conclude that VII~Zw~403 is not a primeval galaxy.Comment: submitted to: ApJ Letter
Comparison of registration strategies for USCTâMRI image fusion: preliminary results
Comparing Ultrasound Computer Tomography (USCT) to the well-known Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is an essential step in evaluating the clinical value of USCT. Yet the different conditions of the breast either embedded in water (USCT) or in air (MRI) prevent direct comparison. In this work we compare two strategies for image registration based on biomechanical modeling to automatically establish spatial correspondence: a) by applying buoyancy to the MRI, or b) by removing buoyancy from the USCT. The registration was applied to 9 datasets from 8 patients. Both registration strategies revealed similar registration accuracies (MRI to USCT: mean = 5.6 mm, median = 5.6 mm, USCT to MRI: mean = 6.6 mm, median = 5.7 mm). Image registration of USCT and MRI allows to delineate corresponding tissue structures in both modalities in the same or nearby slices. Our preliminary results indicate that both simulation strategies seem to perform similarly. Yet the newly developed deformation of the USCT volume is less computationally demanding: As the breast is subjected to buoyancy it can thereby serve as the unloaded state while for the contrary strategy we have to solve an inverse problem
Extremely compact massive galaxies at z~1.4
The optical rest-frame sizes of 10 of the most massive
(~5x10^{11}h_{70}^{-2}M_sun) galaxies found in the near-infrared MUNICS survey
at 1.2<z<1.7 are analysed. Sizes were estimated both in the J and K' filters.
These massive galaxies are at least a factor of 4_{-1.0}^{+1.9} (+-1 sigma)
smaller in the rest-frame V-band than local counterparts of the same stellar
mass. Consequently, the stellar mass density of these objects is (at least) 60
times larger than massive ellipticals today. Although the stellar populations
of these objects are passively fading, their structural properties are rapidly
changing since that redshift. This observational fact disagrees with a scenario
where the more massive and passive galaxies are fully assembled at z~1.4 (i.e.
a monolithic scenario) and points towards a dry merger scenario as the
responsible mechanism for the subsequent evolution of these galaxies.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in MNRAS
letter
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