Un estudio temático de la investigación en creatividad en España en las ciencias sociales y psicología

Creativity is becoming one necessary human skill in a world where robots increasingly outperform people in daily routines. In order to efficiently develop creativity as a research field, scholars need to know where they are. We employed a bibliometric approach to study themes and characteristics of creativity research in Spain.The results indicated that publication production in the field has been growing during the last decades. Compared to psychology, creativity in the social sciences seemed to be an undercited, local,and endogamic area. For social sciences, motor themes in the last decade were a) creativity in children and students in the educational environment, b) innovation and knowledge creation in a work-ing environment, and c) cities and creativity. The motor themes in psychology were a) individual characteristics for generating insights (e.g., skills, improvisation, executive functions) and b) emotional intelligence. We suggest some themes for future research, such as creative collaboration in virtual environments, value co-creation, and how machines can help humans boost their creativityLa creatividad se está convirtiendo en una habilidad necesaria en un mundo donde los robots superan cada vez más a las personas en las rutinas diarias. Para desarrollar eficientemente el campo de investigación de la creatividad, los académicos necesitan saber dónde están. Este artículo utiliza un enfoque bibliométrico para estudiar temas y características de la investigación en creatividad en España. Los resultados indican que la producción ha ido creciendo durante las últimas décadas. En comparación con la psicología, la creatividad en las ciencias sociales parece ser un área poco citada, local y endogámica. Para las ciencias sociales, los temas motores en la última década fueron a) la creatividad en niños y estudiantes en un en-torno educativo, b) la innovación y creación de conocimiento en un en-torno laboral, y c) las ciudades creativas. Los temas motores en psicología han sido a) las características individuales para generar conocimientos (por ejemplo, habilidades, improvisación, funciones ejecutivas) y b) la inteligencia emocional. Sugerimos algunos temas para futuras investigaciones, como la colaboración creativa en un entorno virtual, la co-creación de valor, y cómo las máquinas pueden ayudar a los humanos a impulsar su creativida

A new numerical method for a class of Volterra and Fredholm integral equations

In the present work, we introduce a new numerical method based on a strong version of the mean-value theorem for integrals to solve quadratic Volterra integral equations and Fredholm integral equations of the second kind, for which there are theoretical monotonic non-negative solutions. By means of an equality theorem, the integral that appears in the aforementioned equations is transformed into one that enables a more accurate numerical solution with fewer calculations than other previously described methods. Convergence analysis is given

From chemical neuroanatomy to an understanding of the olfactory system

The olfactory system of mammals is the appropriate model for studying several aspects of neuronal physiology spanning from the developmental stage to neural network remodelling in the adult brain. Both the morphological and physiological understanding of this system were strongly supported by classical histochemistry. It is emblematic the case of the Olfactory Marker Protein (OMP) staining, the first, powerful marker for fully differentiated olfactory receptor neurons and a key tool to investigate the dynamic relations between peripheral sensory epithelia and central relay regions given its presence within olfactory fibers reaching the olfactory bulb (OB). Similarly, the use of thymidine analogues was able to show neurogenesis in an adult mammalian brain far before modern virus labelling and lipophilic tracers based methods. Nowadays, a wealth of new histochemical techniques combining cell and molecular biology approaches is available, giving stance to move from the analysis of the chemically identified circuitries to functional research. The study of adult neurogenesis is indeed one of the best explanatory examples of this statement. After defining the cell types involved and the basic physiology of this phenomenon in the OB plasticity, we can now analyze the role of neurogenesis in well testable behaviours related to socio-chemical communication in rodents

Ischemic cardiovascular disease in workers occupationally exposed to urban air pollution – A systematic review

Introduction. Cardiovascular disease is the first cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Among several known risk factors, researchers also focus their attention on the chronic exposure to air pollution. There is much evidence that exposure to air pollution, especially to ultrafine particles, can damage the endothelium and can favour cardiovascular diseases in the general population. Occupational exposition could be an additive risk factor for the cardiovascular system. This article presents a scientific review of the linkage between occupational exposure to air pollution and ischemic heart disease. Materials and method. A scientific review was undertaken, followed by PRISMA Statements. Observational studies were selected from several scientific databases, likesuch as Pubmed, Google Scholar, Nioshtic-2 and Reserchgate, searching for selected key words: police workers, professional drivers, mail carriers, filling station attendants, road cleaners, garage workers, motor vehicles and engine maintenance. All the key words were combined with “Boolean Operators” with the following words: cardiovascular (or cardiac) disease, cardiovascular function, cardiovascular system, ischemic heart disease, coronary disease, myocardial infarction. During the systematic research, the focus was on retrospective and prospective studies from January 1990 – December 2014. Results. Both the retrospective and prospective studies showed an increased risk of ischemic heart disease in occupationally occupied people exposed to air pollution. Only one study presented a ly minor risk. Conclusions. The findings of this systematic review suggest a possible linkage between occupational exposure to urban air pollution, especially to motor exhaust and particulate, and ischemic heart disease

Rapid detection of copy number variations and point mutations in BRCA1/2 genes using a single workflow by ion semiconductor sequencing pipeline

Molecular analysis of BRCA1 (MIM# 604370) and BRCA2 (MIM #600185) genes is essential for familial breast and ovarian cancer prevention and treatment. An efficient, rapid, cost-effective accurate strategy for the detection of pathogenic variants is crucial. Mutations detection of BRCA1/2 genes includes screening for single nucleotide variants (SNVs), small insertions or deletions (indels), and Copy Number Variations (CNVs). Sanger sequencing is unable to identify CNVs and therefore Multiplex Ligation Probe amplification (MLPA) or Multiplex Amplicon Quantification (MAQ) is used to complete the BRCA1/2 genes analysis. The rapid evolution of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technologies allows the search for point mutations and CNVs with a single platform and workflow. In this study we test the possibilities of NGS technology to simultaneously detect point mutations and CNVs in BRCA1/2 genes, using the OncomineTM BRCA Research Assay on Personal Genome Machine (PGM) Platform with Ion Reporter Software for sequencing data analysis (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Comparison between the NGS-CNVs, MLPA and MAQ results shows how the NGS approach is the most complete and fast method for the simultaneous detection of all BRCA mutations, avoiding the usual time consuming multistep approach in the routine diagnostic testing of hereditary breast and ovarian cancers

Modelo de relaciones retóricas para la integración de la imagen y el texto

Hoy en día, el mensaje lingüístico está presente en casi todas las imágenes. Por ello resulta interesante abordar las cuestiones de integración verbo-visual. A lo largo de este artículo, tras una revisión de los modelos existentes, se ha ensayado una propuesta para el análisis de la integración verbo-visual. En esta integración, suele haber al menos dos operaciones, que consideramos como principales, a saber, la coherencia o sintonía, y el cambio de cantidad, que se divide en anclaje y fluctuación. Hemos enumerado otras cinco operaciones como secundarias: transformación, transfunción, inversión, traslocación, transtemporalidad. Estudios futuros deberán verificar si existen otras operaciones que es necesario añadir a este conjunto. Para ejemplificar el modelo se ha usado una obra artística, el cortometraje experimental “Pupila al viento” de Enrico Gras y Danilo Trelles (1949) con texto de Rafael Alberti

A low density of 0.8 g/cc for the Trojan binary asteroid 617 Patroclus

The Trojan population consists of two swarms of asteroids following the same orbit as Jupiter and located at the L4 and L5 Lagrange points of the Jupiter-Sun system (leading and following Jupiter by 60 degrees). The asteroid 617 Patroclus is the only known binary Trojan (Merline et al. 2001). The orbit of this double system was hitherto unknown. Here we report that the components, separated by 680 km, move around the system centre of mass, describing roughly a circular orbit. Using the orbital parameters, combined with thermal measurements to estimate the size of the components, we derive a very low density of 0.8 g/cc. The components of Patroclus are therefore very porous or composed mostly of water ice, suggesting that they could have been formed in the outer part of the solar system.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, 1 tabl

Triplicity and Physical Characteristics of Asteroid (216) Kleopatra

To take full advantage of the September 2008 opposition passage of the M-type asteroid (216) Kleopatra, we have used near-infrared adaptive optics (AO) imaging with the W.M. Keck II telescope to capture unprecedented high resolution images of this unusual asteroid. Our AO observations with the W.M. Keck II telescope, combined with Spitzer/IRS spectroscopic observations and past stellar occultations, confirm the value of its IRAS radiometric radius of 67.5 km as well as its dog-bone shape suggested by earlier radar observations. Our Keck AO observations revealed the presence of two small satellites in orbit about Kleopatra (see Marchis et al., 2008). Accurate measurements of the satellite orbits over a full month enabled us to determine the total mass of the system to be 4.64+/-0.02 10^18 Kg. This translates into a bulk density of 3.6 +/-0.4 g/cm3, which implies a macroscopic porosity for Kleopatra of ~ 30-50%, typical of a rubble-pile asteroid. From these physical characteristics we measured its specific angular momentum, very close to that of a spinning equilibrium dumbbell.Comment: 35 pages, 3 Tables, 9 Figures. In press to Icaru