From littérature engagée to engaged translation : staging Jean-Paul Sartre’s theatre as a challenge to Franco’s rule in Spain

The practice of creating translations that ‘rouse, inspire, witness, mobilize, and incite to rebellion’ is described by Maria Tymoczko, following Jean-Paul Sartre's littérature engagée, as ‘engaged translation’. In Spain, under the Franco dictatorship (1939–1975), the theatre became a site of opposition to his rule and the creation of ‘engaged’ translations of foreign plays was one of the ways in which alternative social and political realities were transmitted to local audiences. This was particularly evident during the so-called apertura period (1962–1969), when Spain's political leaders embraced more liberal and outward-facing cultural policies as part of their efforts to ensure the regime's continuity. Drawing on archival evidence from the state censorship files held at Archivo General de la Administración (AGA) in Alcalá de Henares, this article considers how ‘engaged’ translations of Sartre's theatre were employed as instruments of cultural opposition to the Spanish dictatorship. It also argues that an analysis of the files both helps us to understand the role of censorship in shaping an official version of the past, and shines a light on the memory of a little-studied aspect of cultural activism in the Spanish theatre.PostprintPeer reviewe

Anti-Ly6G binding and trafficking mediate positive neutrophil selection to unleash the anti-tumor efficacy of radiation therapy.

The anti-Ly6G antibody is used to deplete Ly6G <sup>pos</sup> neutrophils and study their role in diverse pathologies. However, depletion is never absolute, as Ly6G <sup>low</sup> neutrophils resistant to depletion rapidly emerge. Studying the functionality of these residual neutrophils is necessary to interpret anti-Ly6G-based experimental designs. In vitro, we found anti-Ly6G binding induced Ly6G internalization, surface Ly6G paucity, and primed the oxidative burst of neutrophils upon TNF α co-stimulation. In vivo, we found neutrophils resistant to anti-Ly6G depletion exhibited anti-neutrophil-cytoplasmic-antibodies. In the pre-clinical Kras <sup>Lox-STOP-Lox-G12D/WT</sup> ; Trp53 <sup>Flox/Flox</sup> mouse lung tumor model, abnormal neutrophil accumulation and aging was accompanied with an N2-like SiglecF <sup>pos</sup> polarization and ly6g downregulation. Consequently, SiglecF <sup>pos</sup> neutrophils exposed to anti-Ly6G reverted to Ly6G <sup>low</sup> and were resistant to depletion. Noting that anti-Ly6G mediated neutrophil depletion alone had no anti-tumor effect, we found a long-lasting rate of tumor regression (50%) by combining anti-Ly6G with radiation-therapy, in this model reputed to be refractory to standard anticancer therapies. Mechanistically, anti-Ly6G regulated neutrophil aging while radiation-therapy enhanced the homing of anti-Ly6G-boundSiglecF <sup>neg</sup> neutrophils to tumors. This anti-tumor effect was recapitulated by G-CSF administration prior to RT and abrogated with an anti-TNFα antibody co-administration. In summary, we report that incomplete depletion of neutrophils using targeted antibodies can intrinsically promote their oxidative activity. This effect depends on antigen/antibody trafficking and can be harnessed locally using select delivery of radiation-therapy to impair tumor progression. This underutilized aspect of immune physiology may be adapted to expand the scope of neutrophil-related research

10 kA joints for HTS roebel cables

Future high temperature superconductor (HTS) high field magnets using multitape HTS cables need 10-kA low-resistance connections. The connections are needed between the poles of the magnets and at the terminals in a wide-operating temperature range, from 1.9-85 K. The EuCARD-WP10 Future Magnets collaboration aims at testing HTS-based Roebel cables in an accelerator magnet. Usually, low temperature superconductor (LTS) cables are jointed inside a relatively short soldered block. Powering tests at CERN have highlighted excess heating of a joint following classical LTS joint design. The HTS Roebel cables are assembled from REBCO-coated conductor tapes in a transposed configuration. Due to this, the tapes surface the cable at an angle with the cable axis. A low-resistance joint requires a sufficiently large interface area for each tape. Within one twist pitch length, each tape is located at the surface of the cable over a relatively small non-constant area. This geometry prevents making a well-controlled joint in a compact length along the cable. This paper presents a compact joint configuration for the Roebel cable overcoming these practical challenges. A new joint called fin-block is designed. The joint resistance is estimated computationally. Finally, the test results as a function of current and temperature are presented