Constrained dynamics of a polymer ring enclosing a constant area

The dynamics of a polymer ring enclosing a constant {\sl algebraic} area is studied. The constraint of a constant area is found to couple the dynamics of the two Cartesian components of the position vector of the polymer ring through the Lagrange multiplier function which is time dependent. The time dependence of the Lagrange multiplier is evaluated in a closed form both at short and long times. At long times, the time dependence is weak, and is mainly governed by the inverse of the first mode of the area. The presence of the constraint changes the nature of the relaxation of the internal modes. The time correlation of the position vectors of the ring is found to be dominated by the first Rouse mode which does not relax even at very long times. The mean square displacement of the radius vector is found to be diffusive, which is associated with the rotational diffusion of the ring.Comment: 6 page

Mucus Transport in the Larger Airway Due to Prolonged Mild Cough: Effect of Serous Fluid and Cilia Beating

Since mucus production and transport is an important defense mechanism of the lower airways, this study focuses on this aspect. In this paper it is assumed that the co-axial flows of mucus and air is taking place in a circular tube representing a larger airway. In the central core, air is assumed to flow under quasi steady state turbulent condition and the mucus layer surrounding this central core is assumed to flow under unsteady laminar condition. The prolonged mild cough is represented by a time dependent pressure gradient function. To consider the effect of serous fluid, it has been assumed that the cilia bed is approximated by a porous matrix within which serous fluid flows following Darcy’s law. Further, the effect of cilia beating has been considered by assuming that a constant mean velocity which is a resultant of effective and recovery stroke is imparted on the serous fluid and this velocity is superimposed on the Darcy flow. For constant porosity of cilia bed and mucus viscosity, it is shown that air and mucus flow rates decrease with increase in serous fluid viscosity. The effect of porosity of cilia bed and cilia beating has been found to increase the air and mucus flow rates. Keywords Cilia Beating; Porous Matrix; Mucus Transport; Circular Model; Prolonged Mild Cough. MSC (2010) No.:76Z0

Present and past status of fish fauna of river Basantar, an important tributary of the river Ravi, in Samba district, Jammu (J&K)

Icthyofaunal study of river Basantar, an important tributary of river Ravi in Samba district, Jammu (J&K) has revealed the existence of 35 fish species belonging to 5 orders, 10 families and 25 genera. There is dominance of Cypriniformes (18 spp.) followed by Siluriformes (10 spp.), Perciformes (4 spp.), Synbrachiformes (2 spp.) and Osteoglossiformes (1 sps.). Present record of 35 fish species when compared with the earlier report of 59 fish species reveals a decline in fish diversity and is caused by environmental factors and anthropogenic pressure

Universal features of Thermopower in High Tc systems and Quantum Criticality

In high Tc superconductors a wide ranging connection between the doping dependence of the transition temperature Tc and the room temperature thermopower Q has been observed. A "universal correlation" between these two quantities exists with the thermopower vanishing at optimum doping as noted by OCTHH (Obertelli, Cooper, Tallon, Honma and Hor). In this work we provide an interpretation of this OCTHH universality in terms of a possible underlying quantum critical point (QCP) at Tc. Central to our viewpoint is the recently noted Kelvin formula relating the thermopower to the density derivative of the entropy. Perspective on this formula is gained through a model calculation of the various Kubo formulas in an exactly solved 1-dimensional model with various limiting procedures of wave vector and frequency.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figure

Bilateral internal iliac artery ligation: the procedure of choice in life threatening postpartum haemorrhage

Background: The present study was to assess the indication and study the intraoperative and postoperative complications of bilateral internal iliac artery ligation. Aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of internal iliac artery ligation in arresting postpartum haemorrhage.Methods: This is a retrospective study carried out between January 2015 to December 2018 at Shrimati Kashibai Navale Medical College and General Hospital, Pune. This study included 48 patients with life-threatening PPH. Bilateral internal iliac artery ligation was done by anterior approach in 7 patients and by posterior approach in 41 patients.Results: Intraoperative and postoperative complications were noted in all patients. Of the total patients, 10 required massive blood transfusion and 12 underwent obstetrical hysterectomies (n=12; 25%). Internal iliac vein injury was seen in 1 patient (n=1; 2.08%) and external vein thrombosis was noted in 3 patients (n=3; 6.25%). Maternal mortality was observed in 1 patient due to DIC on day 9 (n=1; 2.08%). The uterine salvage rate was 75%.Conclusions: Internal iliac artery ligation (IIAL) safe, rapid, effective, time tested method of controlling bleeding from genital tract

ADVERSE DRUG REACTION PROFILE OF DRUGS PRESCRIBED IN CORONAVIRUS DISEASE - 19 PATIENTS – A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Objective: The objective of this study is to assess adverse drug reaction (ADR) profile of the drugs prescribed to treat Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) positive patients and to determine whether ADRs are associated with any comorbidities. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done with Laboratory confirmed COVID-19 positive patients who experienced ADRs during their admission period at tertiary care center, Rajkot from April 2020 to March 2021. All the necessary information including ADRs information was obtained from patient’s case record file and filled in suspected ADR reporting form. Suspected ADRs were assessed for demographic parameters and causality, preventability, and severity using World Health Organization (WHO) scale and Naranjo algorithm, modified Schumock and Thornton’s criteria, and modified Hartwig’s criteria, respectively. Results: Out of the 100 patients there were 60 males. The mean age of the patients was 52.65±13.95 year. Fourty-six patients had comorbidities. The most common type of ADR was GI disorders. Among the single suspected medication, most common drug was methylprednisolone and among the two drugs, azithromycin was common. According to the WHO and Naranjo scale, Probable ADRs were 70% and 36%, respectively. The percentage for mild, moderate and severe ADRs were 44%, 39%, 17%, respectively. Eighty-six percent ADRs were definitely preventable. Fifty-one patients were recovered from adverse reactions. Conclusions: Seriousness of reactions is mainly associated with co-morbid conditions. This indicates that patients with comorbidity should be closely monitored to avoid harmful consequences. These ADRs monitoring and reporting program will help physicians to choose their therapy sensibly and decrease chances of mortality in this pandemic era