4,917 research outputs found
RASS-SDSS Galaxy Cluster Survey. VI. The dependence of the cluster SFR on the cluster global properties
Using a subsample of 79 nearby clusters from the RASS-SDSS galaxy cluster
catalogue of Popesso et al. (2005a), we perform a regression analysis between
the cluster integrated star formation rate (Sigma_SFR) the cluster total
stellar mass (M_star), the fractions of star forming (f_SF) and blue (f_b)
galaxies and other cluster global properties, namely its richness (N_gal, i.e.
the total number of cluster members within the cluster virial radius), velocity
dispersion (sigma_v), virial mass (M_200), and X-ray luminosity (L_X). All
cluster global quantities are corrected for projection effects before the
analysis. Galaxy SFRs and stellar masses are taken from the catalog of
Brinchmann et al. (2004), which is based on SDSS spectra. We only consider
galaxies with M_r <= -20.25 in our analysis, and exclude AGNs. We find that
both Sigma_SFR and M_star are correlated with all the cluster global
quantities. A partial correlation analysis show that all the correlations are
induced by the fundamental one between Sigma_SFR and N_gal, hence there is no
evidence that the cluster properties affect the mean SFR or M_star per galaxy.
The relations between Sigma_SFR and M_star, on one side, and both N_gal and
M_200, on the other side, are linear, i.e. we see no evidence that different
clusters have different SFR or different M_star per galaxy and per unit mass.
The fraction f_SF does not depend on any cluster property considered, while f_b
does depend on L_X. We note that a significant fraction of star-forming cluster
galaxies are red (~25% of the whole cluster galaxy population). We conclude
that the global cluster properties are unable to affect the SF properties of
cluster galaxies, but the presence of the X-ray luminous intra-cluster medium
can affect their colors, perhaps through the ram-pressure stripping mechanism.Comment: 14 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication on A&A; corrected
coefficient in Tab.
Damage spreading in two dimensional geometrically frustrated lattices: the triangular and kagome anistropic Heisenberg model
The technique of damage spreading is used to study the phase diagram of the
easy axis anisotropic Heisenberg antiferromagnet on two geometrically
frustrated lattices. The triangular and kagome systems are built up from
triangular units that either share edges or corners respectively. The
triangular lattice undergoes two sequential Kosterlitz-Thouless transitions
while the kagome lattice undergoes a glassy transition. In both cases, the
phase boundaries obtained using damage spreading are in good agreement with
those obtained from equilibrium Monte Carlo simulations.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
Spin Stiffness of Stacked Triangular Antiferromagnets
We study the spin stiffness of stacked triangular antiferromagnets using both
heat bath and broad histogram Monte Carlo methods. Our results are consistent
with a continuous transition belonging to the chiral universality class first
proposed by Kawamura.Comment: 5 pages, 7 figure
Absence of aging in the remanent magnetization in Migdal-Kadanoff spin glasses
We study the non-equilibrium behavior of three-dimensional spin glasses in
the Migdal-Kadanoff approximation, that is on a hierarchical lattice. In this
approximation the model has an unique ground state and equilibrium properties
correctly described by the droplet model. Extensive numerical simulations show
that this model lacks aging in the remanent magnetization as well as a maximum
in the magnetic viscosity in disagreement with experiments as well as with
numerical studies of the Edwards-Anderson model. This result strongly limits
the validity of the droplet model (at least in its simplest form) as a good
model for real spin glasses.Comment: 4 pages and 3 figures. References update
In vitro exploration of the synergistic effect of alternating magnetic field mediated thermo-chemotherapy with doxorubicin loaded dual pH- and thermo-responsive magnetic nanocomposite carriers
Nanoparticle induced hyperthermia has been considered as a promising approach for cancer treatment for decades. The local heating ability and drug delivery potential highlight a diversified possibility in clinical application, therefore a variety of nanoparticles has been developed accordingly. However, currently, only a few of them are translated into the clinical stage indicating a 'medically underexplored nanoparticles' situation, which encourages their comprehensive biomedical exploration. This study presents a thorough biological evaluation of previous well-developed dual pH- and thermo-responsive magnetic doxorubicin-nanocarriers (MNC-DOX) in multiple cancer cell lines. The cytotoxicity of the nanocomposites has been determined by the MTT assay on primary cell lines. Histology and fluorescence microscopy imaging revealed the efficiency of cellular uptake of nanocarriers in different cell lines. The IC50 of MNC-DOX is significantly higher than that of free DOX without an alternating magnetic field (AMF), which implied the potential to lower the systemic cytotoxicity in clinical research. The concurrent thermo-chemotherapy generated by this platform has been successfully achieved under an AMF. Promising effective synergistic results have been demonstrated through in vitro study in multi-model cancer cell lines via both trypan blue exclusion and bioluminescence imaging methods. Furthermore, the two most used magnetic hyperthermia modalities, namely intracellular and extracellular treatments, have been compared on the same nanocarriers in all 3 cell lines, which showed that treatment after internalization is not required but preferable. These results lead to the conclusion that this dual responsive nanocarrier has extraordinary potential to serve as a novel broad-spectrum anticancer drug and worth pursuing for potential clinical applications
In vitro exploration of the synergistic effect of alternating magnetic field mediated thermo-chemotherapy with doxorubicin loaded dual pH- and thermo-responsive magnetic nanocomposite carriers
Nanoparticle induced hyperthermia has been considered as a promising approach for cancer treatment for decades. The local heating ability and drug delivery potential highlight a diversified possibility in clinical application, therefore a variety of nanoparticles has been developed accordingly. However, currently, only a few of them are translated into the clinical stage indicating a 'medically underexplored nanoparticles' situation, which encourages their comprehensive biomedical exploration. This study presents a thorough biological evaluation of previous well-developed dual pH- and thermo-responsive magnetic doxorubicin-nanocarriers (MNC-DOX) in multiple cancer cell lines. The cytotoxicity of the nanocomposites has been determined by the MTT assay on primary cell lines. Histology and fluorescence microscopy imaging revealed the efficiency of cellular uptake of nanocarriers in different cell lines. The IC50 of MNC-DOX is significantly higher than that of free DOX without an alternating magnetic field (AMF), which implied the potential to lower the systemic cytotoxicity in clinical research. The concurrent thermo-chemotherapy generated by this platform has been successfully achieved under an AMF. Promising effective synergistic results have been demonstrated through in vitro study in multi-model cancer cell lines via both trypan blue exclusion and bioluminescence imaging methods. Furthermore, the two most used magnetic hyperthermia modalities, namely intracellular and extracellular treatments, have been compared on the same nanocarriers in all 3 cell lines, which showed that treatment after internalization is not required but preferable. These results lead to the conclusion that this dual responsive nanocarrier has extraordinary potential to serve as a novel broad-spectrum anticancer drug and worth pursuing for potential clinical applications
The nature of the different zero-temperature phases in discrete two-dimensional spin glasses: Entropy, universality, chaos and cascades in the renormalization group flow
The properties of discrete two-dimensional spin glasses depend strongly on
the way the zero-temperature limit is taken. We discuss this phenomenon in the
context of the Migdal-Kadanoff renormalization group. We see, in particular,
how these properties are connected with the presence of a cascade of fixed
points in the renormalization group flow. Of particular interest are two
unstable fixed points that correspond to two different spin-glass phases at
zero temperature. We discuss how these phenomena are related with the presence
of entropy fluctuations and temperature chaos, and universality in this model.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures, 2 table
Metric characterization of cluster dynamics on the Sierpinski gasket
We develop and implement an algorithm for the quantitative characterization
of cluster dynamics occurring on cellular automata defined on an arbitrary
structure. As a prototype for such systems we focus on the Ising model on a
finite Sierpsinski Gasket, which is known to possess a complex thermodynamic
behavior. Our algorithm requires the projection of evolving configurations into
an appropriate partition space, where an information-based metrics (Rohlin
distance) can be naturally defined and worked out in order to detect the
changing and the stable components of clusters. The analysis highlights the
existence of different temperature regimes according to the size and the rate
of change of clusters. Such regimes are, in turn, related to the correlation
length and the emerging "critical" fluctuations, in agreement with previous
thermodynamic analysis, hence providing a non-trivial geometric description of
the peculiar critical-like behavior exhibited by the system. Moreover, at high
temperatures, we highlight the existence of different time scales controlling
the evolution towards chaos.Comment: 20 pages, 8 figure
Monte Carlo Study of an Extended 3-State Potts Model on the Triangular Lattice
By introducing a chiral term into the Hamiltonian of the 3-state Potts model
on a triangular lattice additional symmetries are achieved between the
clockwise and anticlockwise states and the ferromagnetic state. This model is
investigated using Monte Carlo methods. We investigate the full phase diagram
and find evidence for a line tricritical points separating the ferromagnetic
and antiferromagnetic phases.Comment: 6 pages, 10 figure
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