Validation of diagnostic protocols for the detection of grapevine viruses covered by phytosanitary rules

27openopenFaggioli, F.; Anaclerio, F.; Angelini, E.; Antonelli, M.G.; Bertazzon, E.; Bianchi, G.; Bianchedi, P.; Bianco, P.A.; Botti, S.; Bragagna, P.; Cardoni, M.; Casati, P.; Credi, R.; De Luca, E.; Durante, G.; Gianinazzi, C.; Gambino, G.; Gualandri, V.; Luison, D.; Luvisi, A.; Malossini, U.; Mannini, F.; Saldarelli, P.; Terlizzi, F.; Triolo, E.; Trisciuzzi, N.; Barba, M.Faggioli, F.; Anaclerio, F.; Angelini, E.; Antonelli, M.G.; Bertazzon, E.; Bianchi, G.; Bianchedi, P.; Bianco, P.A.; Botti, S.; Bragagna, P.; Cardoni, M.; Casati, P.; Credi, R.; De Luca, E.; Durante, G.; Gianinazzi, C.; Gambino, G.; Gualandri, V.; Luison, D.; Luvisi, A.; Malossini, U.; Mannini, F.; Saldarelli, P.; Terlizzi, F.; Triolo, E.; Trisciuzzi, N.; Barba, M

Inhibition of in-stent stenosis by oral administration of bindarit in porcine coronary arteries

<p><b>Objective:</b> We have previously demonstrated that bindarit, a selective inhibitor of monocyte chemotactic proteins (MCPs), is effective in reducing neointimal formation in rodent models of vascular injury by reducing smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration and neointimal macrophage content, effects associated with the inhibition of MCP-1/CCL2 production. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the efficacy of bindarit on in-stent stenosis in the preclinical porcine coronary stent model.</p> <p><b>Methods and Results:</b> One or 2 bare metal stents (Multi-Link Vision, 3.5 mm) were deployed (1:1.2 oversize ratio) in the coronary arteries of 42 pigs (20 bindarit versus 22 controls). Bindarit (50 mg/kg per day) was administered orally from 2 days before stenting until the time of euthanasia at 7 and 28 days. Bindarit caused a significant reduction in neointimal area (39.4%, P<0.001, n=9 group), neointimal thickness (51%, P<0.001), stenosis area (37%, P<0.001), and inflammatory score (40%, P<0.001) compared with control animals, whereas there was no significant difference in the injury score between the 2 groups. Moreover, treatment with bindarit significantly reduced the number of proliferating cells (by 45%, P<0.05; n=6 group) and monocyte/macrophage content (by 55%, P<0.01; n=5–6 group) in stented arteries at day 7 and 28, respectively. These effects were associated with a significant (P<0.05) reduction of MCP-1 plasma levels at day 28. In vitro data showed that bindarit (10–300 micromol/L) reduced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (50 ng/mL)–induced pig coronary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation and inhibited MCP-1 production.</p> <p><b>Conclusion:</b> Our results show the efficacy of bindarit in the prevention of porcine in-stent stenosis and support further investigation for clinical application of this compound.</p&gt

Low Ply Drawings of Trees

We consider the recently introduced model of \emph{low ply graph drawing}, in which the ply-disks of the vertices do not have many common overlaps, which results in a good distribution of the vertices in the plane. The \emph{ply-disk} of a vertex in a straight-line drawing is the disk centered at it whose radius is half the length of its longest incident edge. The largest number of ply-disks having a common overlap is called the \emph{ply-number} of the drawing. We focus on trees. We first consider drawings of trees with constant ply-number, proving that they may require exponential area, even for stars, and that they may not even exist for bounded-degree trees. Then, we turn our attention to drawings with logarithmic ply-number and show that trees with maximum degree $6$ always admit such drawings in polynomial area.Comment: This is a complete access version of a paper that will appear in the proceedings of GD201

Detecting the β\beta-family in iterated algebraic K-theory of finite fields

The Lichtenbaum-Quillen conjecture (LQC) relates special values of zeta functions to algebraic K-theory groups. The Ausoni-Rognes red-shift conjectures generalize the LQC to higher chromatic heights in a precise sense. In this paper, we propose an alternate generalization of the LQC to higher chromatic heights and prove a highly nontrivial case this conjecture. In particular, if the $n$-th Greek letter family is detected by a commutative ring spectrum $R$, then we conjecture that the $n+1$-st Greek letter family will be detected by the algebraic K-theory of $R$. We prove this in the case $n=1$ for $R=K(\mathbb{F}_q)_p$ where $p\ge 5$ and $q$ is prime power generator of the units in $\mathbb{Z}/p^2\mathbb{Z}$. In particular, we prove that the commutative ring spectrum $K(K(\mathbb{F}_q)_p)$ detects the $\beta$-family. The method of proof also implies that the $\beta$-family is detected in iterated algebraic K-theory of the integers. Consequently, one may relate iterated algebraic K-theory groups of the integers to modular forms satisfying certain congruences.Comment: 28 pages, Comments welcom

Hierarchical Partial Planarity

In this paper we consider graphs whose edges are associated with a degree of {\em importance}, which may depend on the type of connections they represent or on how recently they appeared in the scene, in a streaming setting. The goal is to construct layouts of these graphs in which the readability of an edge is proportional to its importance, that is, more important edges have fewer crossings. We formalize this problem and study the case in which there exist three different degrees of importance. We give a polynomial-time testing algorithm when the graph induced by the two most important sets of edges is biconnected. We also discuss interesting relationships with other constrained-planarity problems.Comment: Conference version appeared in WG201

Parton distribution functions and nuclear EMC effect in a statistical model

A new and simple statistical approach is performed to calculate the parton distribution functions (PDFs) of the nucleon in terms of light-front kinematic variables. Analytic expressions of x-dependent PDFs are obtained in the whole x region. And thereafter, we treat the temperature T as a parameter of the atomic number A to explain the nuclear EMC effect in the region $x \in [0.2, 0.7]$. We give the predictions of PDF ratios, and they are very different from those by other models, thus experiments aiming at measuring PDF ratios are suggested to provide a discrimination of different models.Comment: 4 pages, no figure; talk given at the 5th International Conference On Quarks and Nuclear Physics (QNP09), Sep 2009, Beijing Chin

Pole Dancing: 3D Morphs for Tree Drawings

We study the question whether a crossing-free 3D morph between two straight-line drawings of an $n$-vertex tree can be constructed consisting of a small number of linear morphing steps. We look both at the case in which the two given drawings are two-dimensional and at the one in which they are three-dimensional. In the former setting we prove that a crossing-free 3D morph always exists with $O(\log n)$ steps, while for the latter $\Theta(n)$ steps are always sufficient and sometimes necessary.Comment: Appears in the Proceedings of the 26th International Symposium on Graph Drawing and Network Visualization (GD 2018