One-Pot Synthesis of Schiff Base Compounds Derived From 2-Nitro Benzoic Acid With Aldehydes

In the present study, an intermolecular reductive Schiff base formation from nitroarenes and benzaldehydes to yield diarylimines is carried out in the presence of iron powder and dilute acid This type of excellent method avoids the use of hazardous solvents, longer reaction time and tedious work up procedure. Advantage of this efficient method is excellent yield of products in crystalline form, short reaction time, simplicity of work up procedure and no use of any type of hazardous solvents. Simply this reaction is an economically attractive method for synthesis of Schiff base compounds. All these Schiff base compounds were characterized by means of IR, 1H-NMR analysis data. The Schiff base ligands have also been tested in vitro for their antibacterial and antifungal activity. The experimental results suggest that Schiff base ligands are more potent in antibacterial and antifungal activities

A new analytical method for determination of ledipasvir and sofosbuvir in pharmaceutical formulations by HPLC method

A simple, Accurate, precise method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of the Sofosbuvir and Ledipasvir in Tablet dosage form. Chromatogram was run through Std Discovery C8 150 x 4.6 mm, 5m. Mobile phase containing Buffer 0.1% OPA: Acetonitrile taken in the ratio 60:40 was pumped through column at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. Buffer used in this method was 0.1% OPA buffer. Temperature was maintained at 30°C. Optimized wavelength selected was 260 nm. Retention time of Sofosbuvir and Ledipasvir were found to be 2.367 min and 3.436 min. %RSD of the Sofosbuvir and Ledipasvir were and found to be 0.6 and 0.5 respectively. %Recovery was obtained as 99.61% and 99.80% for Sofosbuvir and Ledipasvir respectively. LOD, LOQ values obtained from regression equations of Sofosbuvir and Ledipasvir were 0.67, 2.02 and 0.70, 2.12 respectively. Regression equation of Sofosbuvir is y = 4266.x + 7700, and y = 4861.x + 2656.of Ledipasvir. Retention times were decreased and run time was decreased, so the method developed was simple and economical that can be adopted in regular Quality control test in Industries

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF NEW STABILITY INDICATING REVERSED-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE AND ERTUGLIFLOZIN IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM

Objective: The present study deals with the development, validation, and application of simple, precise, and accurate high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the simultaneous estimation of metformin hydrochloride and ertugliflozin in pharmaceutical formulation and to validate.Methods: The analytical conditions were optimized on BDS C8 column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) at room temperature. The mobile phase consists of buffer: acetonitrile in 55:45 v/v ratio. Injection volume was 10 μl. The flow rate was maintained at 1.0 ml/min, and the analysis was carried out at 224 nm.Results: The method was found to be linear in the concentration range of 125–750 μg/ml and 1.875–11.25 μg/ml for metformin hydrochloride and ertugliflozin with regression coefficient r2 = 0.999. The method was found to be precise with percentage relative standard deviation below 2%. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were found to be within the limits. The percentage recovery of the developed method was 100.15%. All the validation parameters such as robustness, recovery, and precision were found to be within the limits. Degradation parameters such as acid, base, thermal and peroxide, light, temperature, and humidity were performed and found that the drugs are stable in all the extreme conditions.Conclusions: A simple, accurate, precise, and less time-consuming reversed-phase HPLC method for the simultaneous estimation of metformin hydrochloride and ertugliflozin has been developed and validated in accordance with the ICH guidelines

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Laser Beam Welds of 15CDV6 Steel

The present study is concerned with laser beam welding of 15CDV6 steel, that is in the hardened (quenched and tempered) condition before welding. Autogenously butt-welded joints are made using carbon dioxide laser with a maximum output of 3.5 kw in the continuous wave mode. Weld microstructure, microhardness measurement across the weldment, transverse tensile properties, and room temperature impact properties of the weldment have been evaluated. The fusion zone exhibits a epitaxial grain growth. The microstrutural features of heat-affected zone and fusion zone vary, due to different thermal cycles for which these were subjected during welding. The average weld metal hardness was 480 Hv. The observed hardness distribution across the welds were correlated with the microstructures. The welds exhibited lower toughness of 50 joules as compared to parent metal of 55 joules and the tensile strength values of the welded specimens are close to that obtained for sheet specimens.Defence Science Journal, Vol. 65, No. 4, July 2015, pp. 339-342, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.65.874

Implementing and Evaluating the Performance Metrics Using Energy Consumption Protocols in Manets Using Multi-Path Routing- Fitness Function

The energy consumption plays a key role in Mobile Adhoc Networks in a day to day life. Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) structure is a temporary network organized dynamically with a possible family of wireless mobiles independent of any extra infrastructural facilities and central administration requirements. Also, it provides solutions to overcome the minimal energy consumption issues. Nodes are battery operated temporarily does not operate on permanent batteries, so energy consumed by a battery depends on the lifetime of the battery, and its energy utilization dynamically decreases as the nodes change their position in MANETs. Multi-path routing algorithm in MANETs provides the best optimal; the solution to transmit the information in multiple paths to minimize the end to end delay, increases energy efficiency, and moderately enhances the life time of a network. The research mainly focused on minimum energy consumption techniques in MANET is of a great challenge in industries. In this paper, the author highlights a novel algorithmic approach Adhoc on Demand Multipath Distance Vector (AOMDV) routing protocol that increases the energy efficiency in MANET by incorporating the demand multipath distance and fitness function. The Adhoc on Demand Multipath Distance Vector-Fitness Function (AOMDV-FF) routing protocol short out minimum distance path that consumes minimum energy and the simulation performance is evaluated using network simulator-2 (NS2) tool. Two protocols are proposed in this work AOMDV and AOMDV-FF and compared some of the performance parameters like energy efficiency, network life time and routing overhead in terms of data transfer rate, data packet size and simulation time, etc. The overall simulation results of the proposed AOMDV-FF method is to be considered as a network with 49 nodesand the network performance factor-end to end delay 14.4358msec, energy consumption 18.3673 joules, packet delivery ratio 0.9911 and routing overhead ratio 4.68 are evaluated. The results show an enriched performance as compared to AOMDV and AOMR-LM methods

A new analytical method for determination of dolutegravir and rilpivirine in pharmaceutical formulations by RP-HPLC method

A simple, rapid, precise, sensitive and reproducible reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method has been developed for the quantitative analysis of Dolutegravir and Rilpivirine in pharmaceutical dosage form. Chromatographic separation of Dolutegravir and Rilpivirine was achieved on Waters Alliance -2695, by using Luna C18 (250mm x 4.6mm, 5µm) column and the mobile phase containing 0.1% OPA & ACN in the ratio of 50:50 v/v. The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min, detection was carried out by absorption at 245 nm using a photodiode array detector at ambient temperature. The number of theoretical plates and tailing factor for Dolutegravir and Rilpivirine were NLT 2000 and should not more than 2 respectively. The linearity of the method was excellent over the concentration range 10-150 µg/ml and 5-75 µg/ml for Dolutegravir and Rilpivirine respectively. The correlation coefficient was 0.999. % Relative standard deviation of peak areas of all measurements always less than 2.0. The proposed method was validated according to ICH guidelines. The method was found to be simple, economical, suitable, precise, accurate & robust method for quantitative analysis of Dolutegravir and Rilpivirine study of its stability

MOBILE ROBOT SELF-PLANNING AND NAVIGATION BASED ON ARTIFICIAL LANDMARK LOCALIZATION METHOD AND BINOCULAR STEREO VISION

This paper describes design of artificial landmark based on colour model used for Self-planning in unstructured environment to a robot for its movement. This method provides less error in estimation when compared to existing methods. This project is an investigation into building a system which visually detects artificial landmarks to determine the landmarks within a location, decipher their position within that location and track the landmark throughout the location using Binocular stereo vision

Preparation and Characterization of CuO Nanoparticles by Novel Sol-Gel Technique

Recent developments of nanosize materials of metal and metal oxide particles are intensively pursued because of their prominence in different fields of applications. Among all the transition metal oxides, CuO is a potential candidate for the application of magnetic storage devices, solar energy transfer, sensors, and super capacitors etc. Moreover CuO nanoparticles act as a good catalyst in some of the chemical reactions. CuO nanoparticles were prepared by novel sol-gel method. In this technique CuCl2.6H2O is added with acetic acid and heated to 100 °C with continuous stirring. To control the ph of the above solution, NaOH is added to the solution till ph reached desired value. The color of the solution changed from blue to black with precipitation. The black precipitation was washed 3 – 4 times with distilled water. Finally the solution was centrifuged and dried in air for one day. The CuO nanoparticles were characterized by studying their structure with X-ray diffraction and composition by energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The size of the nanoparticles is estimated by particle size analyzer and transmission electron microscopy. The optical studies were carried out with Uv-Vis spectrophotometer. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2960

Development and In vivo evaluation of immediate release amlodipine besylate and nebivolol hydrochloride coated pellets using 32 full factorial design by novel liquid layering technology

The aim of the present investigation was to development of immediate release liquid coated pellets of poorly soluble drugs Amlodipine besylate (AMD) and Nebivolol HCl (NBV) by novel liquid layering technology to enhance solubility and bioavailability with HPC-EF as hydrophilic polymer and PVP K 30 as binder. A 32 full factorial design was employed to optimize the formulation of pellets. In order to optimize formulations, two polymers HPC-EF and PVP K 30 as factors and amount of polymers (three different concentrations), were taken as independent variables. All the formulations were evaluated for particle size, friability, moisture content, drug content, in vitro dissolution studies and in vivo bioavailability studies. All the formulations were found uniform with respect to all evaluation parameters. The optimized formulation (F5) showed highest % of drug release 99.59 by the end of 8 min for AMD and 99.21 % of drug release for NBV, when compared with the marketed product (NEBISTAR-AM) the percentage of AMD and NBV was 83.91 and 82.67 respectively within 8 min, by using 4% of HPC-EF and 1% of PVP K 30. SEM confirmed that F5 was spherical in shape with a smooth surface. In vivo studies indicated significant difference in the bioavailability between AMD and NBV coated pellets with pure drug. Clinical data confirmed that the optimized formulation (F5) by choosing immediate release drug coated pellet technology by liquid layering method could improve patient compliance and ensure better disease management when compared with the marketed product.

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON D I DIESEL ENGINE PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS (NO X ) WITH COME -DIESEL BLENDS

ABSTRACT The biodiesel from edible oils is non-toxic, biodegradable and renewable alternate fuel that can be used as a substitute for diesel in diesel engines. The objective of present work is to study the performance and emission characteristics of single cylinder, direct injection diesel engine with coconut oil methyl ester (COME) and blends with diesel in varying proportions. Experiments were conducted when the engine fuelled with pure diesel and the blends of diesel -COME by volume for full load range. The exhaust conditions were measured using exhaust gas analyzer similarly AVL smoke meter for measuring smoke density. Results were compared graphically in performance of the engine for specific fuel consumption, brake thermal efficiency, exhaust temperatures and in exhaust emissions for concentrations of NO x and smoke density