Role Of Judiciary For Maintaining The Standards Of Public Order And Morality

In the constitution of India the state authorities have been allowed to exercise their right for maintaining public order and morality only in emergent situation and in a reasonable manner. For this Art 19(2) of the constitution guarantees fundamental rights to every citizens. Art 19(2) to 6 contain the nature of reasonable restrictions. The has to keep a vigil on the reasonability of restrictions imposed by the state in exercise of its power to maintain public order and morality. The criminal procedure code also contain certain provisions where the executive magistrate can take preventive actions in the event of likely hood of breach of peace under Sec 144,145 Cr.p.c. In maintaining law and order the state agencies has extra ordinary powers and if these powers are exercised unreasonably there is a great danger to freedom and liberties of citizen. The fundamental human rights are of highest value and should be exercised not to adversely effect to general public and social interest. There should be a balance to maintain between fundamental rights and interest of society on one hand and the rights and interests of individual on the other side. Care should be taken for exercising the public morality but no private morality can be imposed.&nbsp

Anti-Terrorism Legislations Under Indian Criminal Justice System – A Critical Study

Terrorism is described as the greatest crime against humanity which poses a great threat to enjoyment of human rights. This has posed a global challenge for both individuals as well as nations the measures to be adopted to combat such terrorism. The term terrorism comes from French word terrorism which is based on Latin verb 'Terror' Terrorism is defined in the U.S. by the code of federal Bureau of investigation as the "unlawful use of force and violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government the civilian population in furtherance of political or social objectives. In the words of R. Venkatraman the former president of India at the 21st annual conference of the Indian Society of International Law mentioned that the process is not "Just the maintenance of the powers of the state or 'order law order with law'

Complications faced by women executives in new generation private sector banks in Puducherry State - India

The phenomenal growth of banks has created massive employment opportunities for the educated unemployed youths of our nation. The women job-seekers find jobs in banks more attractive and more suitable to their nature. Banks also were not only not averse to taking them but even welcomed their entry because women have certain innate traits which fit in with the job requirements. Thus the humongous increase in job opportunities in banks and the abundant availability of qualified women who get selected in job tests paved the way for the large number of women occupying positions in all cadres today in not only public sector and private sector banks but even in new generation banks. Indian women is distinct from their western counter parts in that they do not shed their conventional roles as mothers and house wives inspire of their professional responsibilities. They are skilled at blending professional excellence and traditional love for home harmoniously. In the process of balancing work and home life, they encounter a plethora of problems. The study is purely exploratory in nature and seeks to identify the factors preventing women employees from aspiring for higher post and problems hindering the work performance of women executives in private sector banks in Puducherry state. Further this aims also at finding out the organizational support for women employees to achieve better work performance. The conclusion has been given

Complications Faced By Women Executives in New Generation Private Sector Banks in Puducherry State - India

The phenomenal growth of banks has created massive employment opportunities for the educated unemployed youths of our nation. The women job-seekers find jobs in banks more attractive and more suitable to their nature. Banks also were not only not averse to taking them but even welcomed their entry because women have certain innate traits which fit in with the job requirements. Thus the humongous increase in job opportunities in banks and the abundant availability of qualified women who get selected in job tests paved the way for the large number of women occupying positions in all cadres  today in not only public sector and private sector banks but even in new generation banks. Indian women is distinct from their western counter parts in that they do not shed their conventional roles as mothers and house wives inspire of their professional responsibilities.  They are skilled at blending professional excellence and traditional love for home harmoniously.  In the process of balancing work and home life, they encounter a plethora of problems. The study is purely exploratory in nature and seeks to identify the factors preventing women employees from aspiring for higher post and problems hindering the work performance of women executives in private sector banks in Puducherry state. Further this aims also at finding out the organizational support for women employees to achieve better work performance. The conclusion has been given. Key Words: Career Advancement, Problems faced by women executives, Role of women, Women in Banking Industry, Working women

Tunnelling Characteristics of Stone-Wales Defects in Monolayers of Sn and Group-V Elements

Topological defects in ultrathin layers are often formed during synthesis and processing, thereby, strongly influencing their electronic properties . In this paper, we investigate the role of Stone-Wales (SW) defects in modifying the electronic properties of the monolayers of Sn and group-V elements. The calculated results find the electronic properties of stanene (monolayer of Sn atoms) to be strongly dependent on the concentration of SW-defects e.g., defective stanene has nearly zero band gap (~ 0.03 eV) for the defect concentration of 2.2 x 10^13 cm^-2 which opens up to 0.2 eV for the defect concentration of 3.7 x 10^13 cm^-2. In contrast, SW-defects appear to induce conduction states in the semiconducting monolayers of group-V elements. These conduction states act as channels for electron tunnelling, and the calculated tunnelling characteristics show the highest differential conductance for the negative bias with the asymmetric current-voltage characteristics. On the other hand, the highest differential conductance was found for the positive bias in stanene. Simulated STM topographical images of stanene and group-V monolayers show distinctly different features in terms of their cross-sectional views and distance-height profiles which can serve as fingerprints to identify the topological defects in the monolayers of group-IV and group-V elements in experiments.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figures, 1 tabl

RP-HPLC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF METRONIDAZOLE AND NALIDIXIC ACID IN TABLETS

Objective: To develop an accurate, precise and linear Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method for simultaneous quantitative estimation of Metronidazole and Nalidixic acid in tablets and validate as per ICH guidelines.Methods: The optimized method uses a reverse phase C18 column Inertsil ODS C18 column (250X4.6 mm×5µ) mobile phase consisting of mixed phosphate buffer (pH 4.5; KH2PO4+K2HPO4):methanol: acetonitrile in the proportion of 30:50:20 v/v. The mobile phase was set at a flow rate of 1.2 ml/min and the volume injected was 20μl for every injection. The detection wavelength was set at 271 nm. Results: The developed method resulted in Metronidazole eluting at 2.92 min and Nalidixic acid at 3.99 min. Metronidazole exhibited linearity in the range 30-70μg/ml, while Nalidixic acid exhibited linearity in the range 45-105μg/ml. The precision is exemplified by relative standard deviations of 0.714% for Metronidazole and 0.398% for Nalidixic acid. Percentage Mean recoveries were found to be in the range of 98â€102, during accuracy studies. The limit of detection (LOD) for Metronidazole and Nalidixic acid were found to be 2.48µg/ml and 2.24µg/ml respectively, while limit of quantitiation (LOQ) for Metronidazole and Nalidixic acid were found to be 7.51µg/ml and 6.79µg/ml respectively.Conclusion: A simple, accurate, precise, linear and rapid RP-HPLC method was developed for simultaneous quantitative estimation of Metronidazole and Nalidixic acid in tablets and validated as per ICH guidelines. Hence it can be used for the routine analysis of Metronidazole and Nalidixic acid in tablets in various pharmaceutical industries.Â