The challenges of ethical research with children

As especificidades da pesquisa com crianças têm ganhado visibilidade nas produções acadêmicas em diversas áreas de conhecimento, com destaque para a Sociologia da Infância, principalmente a partir dos “novos estudos sobre a infância” os quais emergiram ao final da década de 1980. Essa visibilidade acontece devida a questões como: a discussão sobre as imagens da infância, construídas socio-historicamente; o reconhecimento da condição das crianças enquanto atores sociais, portanto, seres competentes, que atribuem significações a suas experiências e contextos; e o reconhecimento das crianças enquanto sujeitos de direitos, reconhecimento este pautado pela Doutrina da Proteção Integral. Permeadas por essas questões, as pesquisas com crianças agregam a questão da Ética nas atividades desenvolvidas na relação pesquisador-criança. No contexto dessa discussão, este trabalho propõe refletir sobre essas questões e os cuidados éticos nesse tipo de pesquisa, considerando a condição da criança enquanto sujeito de direitos. Foi realizado um recorte da produção acadêmica representativa na área da Sociologia da Infância nas duas últimas décadas, identificando quais aspectos aparecem nas preocupações dos autores, quais abordagens norteiam a discussão desses aspectos e, principalmente, que concepção de infância está presente nessa produção.The specificities of research with children have gained visibility in scientific publications in various areas of knowledge, especially in Sociology of Childhood and the “new studies of childhood”, which emerged at the end of the 1980s. This fact is due to discussions about childhood from a socio-historical perspective; the recognition of children as social actors and therefore able to give meaning to their experiences and contexts; and the recognition of children as individuals entitled to rights, according to the Doutrina da Proteção Integral (Full Protection Doctrine). Therefore, research ethics is an essential element of good research governance, especially in terms of activities related to the relationship between the researcher and child. Accordingly, the objective of this study is to examine and explore these issues, considering the child as an individual entitled to rights. A literature review of articles published in the last two decades in the area of Sociology of Childhood was conducted to identify the main issues and topics addressed, the approaches that guided the discussions and, especially, to identify the conception of childhood present in these studies.CIEC - Centro de Investigação em Estudos da Criança, IE, UMinho (UI 317 da FCT), Portuga

Integrated social protection, inequity and COVID-19: rethinking Pacific community responses in Aotearoa

COVID-19 has forced us to think critically about alternative global and local response strategies to the unprecedented devastation. Some of the most infected groups are Pacific communities and this has raised concern about the need to seriously address the issue of health and socio-economic inequality. One way of doing this is through social protection. The paper critically examines some of the conventional notions of social protection, especially those predicated on market-imperatives and assumptions and argues for new and community-relevant innovative social protection strategies to effectively mitigate the effects of COVID-19. It then discusses the integrated social protection approach (ISPA), The paper argues that while ISPA is an attempt to create an alternative, inclusive and participatory social protection strategy, the issues of equity in terms of distribution of resources and power still need to be fully addressed because of their potential to cause tension within the community. The meaningful participation and empowerment of the Pacific communities and the strategic use of their cultural norms in social protection framing and implementation are important in building up resilience and sustainability to mitigate effectively against the sudden onset of pandemics such as COVID-19