4 research outputs found
Sociodemographic factors and delays in the diagnosis of six cancers: analysis of data from the ‘National Survey of NHS Patients: Cancer'
This paper aims to explore the relationship between sociodemographic factors and the components of diagnostic delay (total, patient and primary care, referral, secondary care) for these six cancers (breast, colorectal, lung, ovarian, prostate, or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma). Secondary analysis of patient-reported data from the ‘National Survey of NHS patients: Cancer' was undertaken (65 192 patients). Data were analysed using univariate analysis and Generalised Linear Modelling. With regard to total delay, the findings from the GLM showed that for colorectal cancer, the significant factors were marital status and age, for lung and ovarian cancer none of the factors were significant, for prostate cancer the only significant factor was social class, for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma the only significant factor was age, and for breast cancer the significant factors were marital status and ethnic group. Where associations between any of the component delays were found, the direction of the association was always in the same direction (female subjects had longer delays than male subjects, younger people had longer delays than older people, single and separated/divorced people had longer delays than married people, lower social class groups had longer delays than higher social class groups, and Black and south Asian people had longer delays than white people). These findings should influence the design of interventions aimed at reducing diagnostic delays with the aim of improving morbidity, mortality, and psychological outcomes through earlier stage diagnosis
Delays in the diagnosis of six cancers: analysis of data from the National Survey of NHS Patients: Cancer
The aim of this paper is to describe and compare components of diagnostic delay (patient, primary care, referral, secondary care) for six cancers (breast, colorectal, lung, ovarian, prostate and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma), and to compare delays in patients who saw their GP prior to diagnosis with those who did not. Secondary data analysis of The National Survey of NHS Patients: Cancer was undertaken (65 192 patients). Breast cancer patients experienced the shortest total delays (mean 55.2 days), followed by lung (88.5), ovarian (90.3), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (102.8), colorectal (125.7) and prostate (148.5). Trends were similar for all components of delay. Compared with patient and primary care delays, referral delays and secondary care delays were much shorter. Patients who saw their GP prior to diagnosis experienced considerably longer total diagnostic delays than those who did not. There were significant differences in all components of delay between the six cancers. Reducing diagnostic delays with the intention of increasing the proportion of early stage cancers may improve cancer survival in the UK, which is poorer than most other European countries. Interventions aimed at reducing patient and primary care delays need to be developed and their effect on diagnostic stage and psychological distress evaluated
HLA-A and breast cancer in West Peninsular Malaysia
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy
among females in Malaysia. Attempts have been made to
investigate the association between breast cancer and
human leukocyte antigen (HLA) types. However, data from
those previous studies are highly variable. The aim of this
study is to investigate the association between HLA-A
types and clinicopathological factors in breast cancer. The
frequencies of HLA-A type in 59 female patients with
infiltrating ductal of the breast were determined by polymerase
chain reaction method. HLA-A2/A30 and A2/A31
haplotype (5.1%; P = 0.045) as well as HLA-A30 (5.1%,
P = 0.045) and A31 (6.8%; P = 0.020) allele were significant
higher in the patients than controls (0%). HLAA24
allele was negatively related to lymph node metastasis
(r = -0.316; P = 0.021) whereas, A26 (r = -0.430;
P = 0.001) and A36 (r = -0.430; P = 0.001) alleles were
negatively correlated to distant metastasis in breast cancer.
Negative correlations between HLA-A26/A36 (r =
-0.430; P = 0.001), A2/A11 (r = -0.276; P = 0.044),
A24/A34 (r = -0.430; P = 0.001) haplotypes and distant
metastasis were identified. Interestingly, Her2 expression
in breast carcinoma was negatively correlated to A11/24
haplotypes (r = -0.294; P = 0.034) but positively correlated
to homozygous HLA-A24 (r = 0.396; P = 0.040).
In conclusion, HLA-A2, -A30 and A31 were associated
with breast cancer