The IDENTIFY study: the investigation and detection of urological neoplasia in patients referred with suspected urinary tract cancer - a multicentre observational study

Objective To evaluate the contemporary prevalence of urinary tract cancer (bladder cancer, upper tract urothelial cancer [UTUC] and renal cancer) in patients referred to secondary care with haematuria, adjusted for established patient risk markers and geographical variation. Patients and Methods This was an international multicentre prospective observational study. We included patients aged ≥16 years, referred to secondary care with suspected urinary tract cancer. Patients with a known or previous urological malignancy were excluded. We estimated the prevalence of bladder cancer, UTUC, renal cancer and prostate cancer; stratified by age, type of haematuria, sex, and smoking. We used a multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression to adjust cancer prevalence for age, type of haematuria, sex, smoking, hospitals, and countries. Results Of the 11 059 patients assessed for eligibility, 10 896 were included from 110 hospitals across 26 countries. The overall adjusted cancer prevalence (n = 2257) was 28.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 22.3–34.1), bladder cancer (n = 1951) 24.7% (95% CI 19.1–30.2), UTUC (n = 128) 1.14% (95% CI 0.77–1.52), renal cancer (n = 107) 1.05% (95% CI 0.80–1.29), and prostate cancer (n = 124) 1.75% (95% CI 1.32–2.18). The odds ratios for patient risk markers in the model for all cancers were: age 1.04 (95% CI 1.03–1.05; P < 0.001), visible haematuria 3.47 (95% CI 2.90–4.15; P < 0.001), male sex 1.30 (95% CI 1.14–1.50; P < 0.001), and smoking 2.70 (95% CI 2.30–3.18; P < 0.001). Conclusions A better understanding of cancer prevalence across an international population is required to inform clinical guidelines. We are the first to report urinary tract cancer prevalence across an international population in patients referred to secondary care, adjusted for patient risk markers and geographical variation. Bladder cancer was the most prevalent disease. Visible haematuria was the strongest predictor for urinary tract cancer

Hg and Se in foodstuffs grown near a Hg mining area

Mercury contamination of local foodstuffs bas been investigated in an area highly polluted with mercury due to the former Idrija mercury mine activities from 1508-1994. The contents of mercury were checked in selected samples of seasonal vegetables. Determinations of selenium were included due to its beneficial effects against mercury toxicity in living organisms. The most interesting observation was that in carrot an increase of Hg content was accompanied by decrease of Se

Selenium uptake and species distribution in peas after foliar treatment with selenate

Selenium fertilization of plants has been used to increase the nutritional selenium levels in humans and animals. The speciation of selenium in samples is necessary to understand selenium mobility, uptake and toxicity. The aim of this work was to check the ability of peas to accumulate Se by hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS) and to identify the selenium species in peas seeds by high performance liquid chromatography-UV photochemical digestion-hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HPLC-UV-HG-AFS) using selenomethionine, selenocystine, selenate, selenite and Se-methylselenocysteine standards. In this study pea (Pisum sativum L.) was treated once or twice by spraying leaves with a water solution containing 15 mg Se/L in the form of sodium selenate at flowering time. The average total Se content in seeds was 21 ± 2, 383 ± 19 and 743 ± 37 ng g-1 in nontreated and once and twice foliarly treated plants, respectively. After water extraction 32 ± 3 % of Se was in soluble form and no selenium species were found in extracts under found optimal conditions of HPLC-UVHG- AFS. After enzymatic hydrolysis 92 % of Se was soluble in seeds and a great part of added Se (VI) was converted to selenomethionine representing 49 and 67 % in once and twice treated plants, according to the total Se content. The other part of soluble selenium in supernatants after enzymatic hydrolysis was not detected.vokMyynti MTT Tietopalvelut 31600 Jokioine