Lesser sardines resources of India

The lesser sardines comprising ten species form a minor or major fishery in all the maritime states of India during one or the other part of the year. The Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute has taken up a study of the fishery and biology of the important species at some centres and has published the results periodically. The present article reviews the work carried out and highlights the important results pertaining to the fishery, biology and population characteristics along the Indian coast

Workshop manual on “Techniques and Methodologies in fishery biology of finfishes and shellfishes”

Commercial fishing along the Indian coast is a dynamic and complex process with several types of crafts, gears exploiting more than 500 species of fishes and shell fishes. Further, changing fishing patterns, practice of innovative fishing methods, improvisation of existing fishing methods, etc. further add to the already complex nature of fishing. Estimation of catch landed along the coast is thus a mammoth task. Systematic, regular and unbiased sampling is an integral vital aspect of fishery biology work. Biological process like growth, maturation, feeding patterns, etc. follows regular patterns. Long term studies are generally carried on subsamples collected from the landing centres to get information on the different aspects of the life cycle of the fish. These results are then extrapolated t get a clear picture of the fish population in the commercially fished area. To obtain, a subsample one has to initially estimate the total catch available. Such sampling can be done only by following a statistically valid sampling desig

IMAGE FORGERY DETECTION USING DYADIC WAVELET TRANSFORM

In this paper, we propose a blind copy move image forgery detection method using dyadic wavelet transform (DyWT). DyWT is shift invariant and therefore more suitable than discrete wavelet transform (DWT) for data analysis. First we decompose the input image into approximation (LL1) and detail (HH1) subbands. Then we divide LL1 and HH1 subbands into overlapping blocks and measure the similarity between blocks. The key idea is that the similarity between the copied and moved blocks from the LL1 subband should be high, while the one from the HH1 subband should be low due to noise inconsistency in the moved block. We sort pairs of blocks based on high similarity using the LL1 subband and high dissimilarity using the HH1 subband. Using thresholding, we obtain matched pairs from the sorted list as copied and moved blocks. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method over competitive methods using DWT and the LL1 or HH1 subbands only

सी एम् एफ आर आई का विशाखपट्टणम क्षेत्रीय केंद्र आँध्रप्रदेश की समुद्री मात्स्यिकी केलिए समर्पित संस्थान

सी एम् एफ आर आई का विशाखपट्टणम क्षेत्रीय केंद्र आँध्रप्रदेश की समुद्री मात्स्यिकी केलिए समर्पित संस्था

Acute work related exposure of eyes of health care workers to hazards in a tertiary care hospital in South India: An observational study

INTRODUCTION: Healthcare workers are exposed to both infectious and non infectious work related hazards to the eye. Though these are common, only recently have they been an area of interest for research. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To describe the epidemiological distribution, risk factors and severity of acute hazardous work related exposure of eyes of health care workers in a tertiary healthcare institution and to develop an augmented system for reporting occupational eye injuries. METHODS: An observational prospective study was done among a total 11,420 staff and students of a tertiary care academic health institution in South India from February15th 2017 to August 14th 2017. Using posters in strategic areas, emails and intranet display, awareness regarding reporting these incidents through the dedicated staff and students reporting system was encouraged. All participants fulfilling inclusion criteria were included and, data including demographic details and clinical findings were collected, using a structured questionnaire, entered in Epidata and analysed using SPSS software. RESULTS: A total of 94 of the total 11,420 staff and students reported through one of the points of first contact, making the incidence 0.8 % with a 95% CI (0.64%- 0.96%). Of all respondents 82 were staff and 12 were students. Of all 49/94 (52.1%) were up to 30 years of age and 45/94 (47.9%) were above 30 years of age, overall mean age was 31.53 (SD= 8.39) years, 65 of them (69%) were females and 29 (31%) were males. Of all, 24 out of 94 (25%), of reported exposures were from the nurses (medical and surgical), followed by technicians who reported 17 out of 94 (18%) and housekeeping staff 15 out of 94 (15.9%).Of those who self reported an incident, 47 (50%) were infectious conjunctivitis and 47 (50%) non infectious hazards to the eye. Chemical exposures were majority among non infectious hazards, 26/47 (25.5%) of which Lysol and formalin were commonest, followed by BBF 7(9.6%), chemical with BBF 6 (6.4%), Allergic conjunctivitis 4 (4.3%), foreign body 3 (3.2%) and blunt trauma 1 (1.1%). Awareness regarding PPE usage was low. There was a significant association between area of work and occurrence of injury and infection (p =0.046) and among those wearing and not wearing glasses versus injury and infection (p=0.01). The mean time to report was 3.79 (3.53). CONCLUSIONS: There is at least a burden of 8/1000 of acute work related infectious and non infectious hazards to the eye among healthcare workers in a tertiary health care setting. Chemical splashes make up nearly 25% of all reported work related hazards to the eye. Factors that may be associated with work related injuries to the eye are spectacles usage, working in clinical areas

Group dynamics effectiveness index- A Measure of Gender Centric Approach in Mussel Farming in Coastal Karnataka, India

Today’s extension trends represent a paradigm shift from top down approach to bottom up approach wherein the farmer is the central figure in the technology adoption and technology refinement process. Research and ex-tension organizations have moved from working with individual farmers to collaboration with groups. Members of a group collectively take part in accessing and sharing resources, in decision making, partaking of benefits, than while acting individually. The Participatory Action model (PAM) was used for the transfer of technology to Mussel farmers, through a six step process of planning and implementation. Mussel farming connotes the scien-tific culture of edible bivalves which belong to the family “Mytilidae”. The economic by product of mussel farming is the mussel meat which has considerable commercial value and fetches additional source of income for fisher-men during the lean fishing seasons. Mussel faming in India is carried out as individual ownership, family owner-ship and ownership by self-help groups. In the present study, the Participatory Action Model was used as a meth-od to organize the self-help groups involved in mussel farming. This model aims at development of group capaci-ties through involvement of the group members in planning, implementation, review and reflection process in mussel farming undertaken on a group basis. The study aimed at assessing the Group Dynamics Effectiveness of men and women mussel farmers in their respective groups. The findings revealed that the overall Group Effec-tiveness Index (G.E.I) was 63.03, which has been achieved, within a short period of three years of technology transfer. Results of Chi-square analysis revealed that there was significant association between men and women farmers in the groups with respect to group dimensions such as influence, styles of influence, decision making, task function, feelings, norms, interpersonal trust and group achievements at (P<0.05). The findings of the discri-minant analysis revealed that the group dimensions which significantly discriminated the men and women farm-ers, were achievements of group, norms, interpersonal trust and empathy. The study implies that there is tremen-dous potential for harnessing the group efforts for successful adoption of the technology and future participatory efforts should be directed at strengthening these specific dimensions which govern the group behaviour and which in turn accentuate the G.E.I

Influence of abiotic factors on behaviour and adult emergence pattern of coconut white grub, Leucopholis coneophora Burmeister (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)

Leucopholis coneophora Burmeister is a subterranean pest associated with coconut based cropping systems in south India. Feeding damage causes yellowing of fronds and yield reduction. To develop appropriate IPM strategy a basic knowledge on insect behaviour is essential. Four years studies indicated that, adult emergence of L. coneophora was commenced with summer shower in April in Kerala. Delay in summer shower delayed the emergence. After a pause in May, the emergence resumed with the setting of south west monsoon in June. The beetles did not emerge during dry spells in between the rainy days, when the soil temperature (at 10 cm depth) was ≥34.5 °C. Emergence of the beetles started at an illuminance of 124.37 ± 75.5 l in evening and remained active till 2 ± 0.4 l with a maximum swarming at 32.6 ± 15.1 l. Female emergence and mating occurred at 12.04 ± 8.1 l. Female based sex pheromone mediated communication is evident. Strong competition among the males for mating with emerging female, which was evident by a wider operational sex ratio in the initial period (1:10.11) that narrowed down to 1:4.33 in later days. The beetles neither congregate on any host plant nor exhibit phototaxis. Number of beetles entrapped in light traps varied from 1.5–16.5% and hand picking is highly significant over light trapping. Hence hand picking of beetles daily in the evening for 2 weeks commencing from the onset of south west monsoon in Kerala, in Indian subcontinent is suggested as a tool in IPM

Assessing the impacts of climate change on marine fisheries of Karnataka and identifying regime shifts

Climate related regime shifts, namely the rapid reorganization of marine ecosystems from one relatively stable state to another, have been reported from several parts of the world, and found responsible for the fluctuations of major fisheries. Time series on ocean-atmosphere parameters together with time series on plankton and/or fish abundance has been extensively used for identifying regime shifts in the oceans from several parts of the globe

समुद्री स्पंजों में सूक्ष्मजैविक विविधता

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तटीय कर्नाटक की समुद्री पखमछली विविधता-एक परिदृश्य

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