GuD-Kraftwerk '500 MW auf einer Welle' (AG TURBO II). Teilverbundprojekt 'Kraftwerk-Systeme'. Vorhaben 3.3.1: Modellierung pilotierter Mehrfachbrennersysteme, Analyse der SIEMENS PG Brennkammer Abschlussbericht

Demands on modern gas turbine systems are high efficiency and low emissions. Due to that nearly all gas turbine systems use piloted premixed combustion. Modeling of combustion processes withComputational Flow Dynamics CFD suffers from the complexity of combustion chemistry. The direct application of kinetics leads to hugh and stiff differential equation systems, which are impossible to solve in 3D flow simulation. Hence normally so called reduced mechanisms are used which are not be able to model turbulent premixed combustion with flame interaction correctly. Therefore in this study a new combustion model, the 'intrinsic low dimensional manifold' ILDM model was used together with the presumed 'probability density function' PDF method to get lookup tables, which can be accessed by a commercial CFD program. The result has been tested by direct comparison with experiments of an industrial burner system. It has been shown that this approach gives a significant improvement compared to standard combustion models. Moreover it is possible to get additional information on concentration of species directly from the simulation which were not available in the past. So this study results in a new powerful tool that is available for increasing both efficiency and environmental care in fossil power generation. (orig.)SIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: F04B609 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Wirtschaft und Technologie, Bonn (Germany)DEGerman

Qualität der Cochleaimplantat-Rehabilitation unter COVID-19-Bedingungen

Background!#!The rehabilitation process following cochlear implant (CI) surgery is carried out in a multimodal therapy according to German national guidelines and includes technical and medical aftercare. In times of the corona pandemic surgery and rehabilitation appointments were cancelled or delayed leading to a more difficult access to auditory rehabilitation. Newly implemented hygiene modalities due to the SARS-CoV‑2 pandemic have changed medical aftercare and the rehabilitation process. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of rehabilitation under corona conditions.!##!Material and methods!#!An anonymous survey of adult cochlear implant patients was carried out by a non-standardized questionnaire. Demographics were analyzed and the quality of medical aftercare, speech therapy, technical aftercare, psychological support and the hygiene modalities were compared to previous rehabilitation stays.!##!Results!#!In total 109 patients completed the questionnaire. The quality of rehabilitation and individual therapy were rated as qualitatively similar or improved. The threat of the pandemic and fear of corona were rated unexpectedly high with 68% and 50%, respectively. The hygiene measures during the rehabilitation stay eased subjective fears at the same time. The majority of patients were annoyed by wearing face masks but visors, protection shields and social distancing were more tolerated.!##!Conclusion!#!The implementation of the new hygiene modalities within the therapeutic rehabilitation setting was well-accepted by patients allowing access to auditory rehabilitation. A successful rehabilitation should ensure a fear-free environment by adhering to the necessary hygiene modalities

Quality of cochlear implant rehabilitation under COVID-19 conditions

Background!#!The rehabilitation process following cochlear implant (CI) surgery is carried out in a multimodal therapy according to German national guidelines and includes technical and medical aftercare. In times of the corona pandemic surgery and rehabilitation appointments were cancelled or delayed leading to a more difficult access to auditory rehabilitation. Newly implemented hygiene modalities due to the SARS-CoV‑2 pandemic have changed medical aftercare and the rehabilitation process. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of rehabilitation under corona conditions.!##!Material and methods!#!An anonymous survey of adult cochlear implant patients was carried out by a non-standardized questionnaire. Demographics were analyzed and the quality of medical aftercare, speech therapy, technical aftercare, psychological support and the hygiene modalities were compared to previous rehabilitation stays.!##!Results!#!In total 109 patients completed the questionnaire. The quality of rehabilitation and individual therapy were rated as qualitatively similar or improved. The threat of the pandemic and fear of corona were rated unexpectedly high with 68% and 50%, respectively. The hygiene measures during the rehabilitation stay eased subjective fears at the same time. The majority of patients were annoyed by wearing face masks but visors, protection shields and social distancing were more tolerated.!##!Conclusion!#!The implementation of the new hygiene modalities within the therapeutic rehabilitation setting was well-accepted by patients allowing access to auditory rehabilitation. A successful rehabilitation should ensure a fear-free environment by adhering to the necessary hygiene modalities

IL-37: a new anti-inflammatory cytokine of the IL-1 family.

Item does not contain fulltextThe IL-1 family of cytokines encompasses eleven proteins that each share a similar beta-barrel structure and bind to Ig-like receptors. Some of the IL-1-like cytokines have been well characterised, and play key roles in the development and regulation of inflammation. Indeed, IL-1alpha (IL-1F1), IL-1beta (IL-1F2), and IL-18 (IL-1F4) are well-known inflammatory cytokines active in the initiation of the inflammatory reaction and in driving Th1 and Th17 inflammatory responses. In contrast, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra, IL-1F3) and the receptor antagonist binding to IL-1Rrp2 (IL-36Ra, IL-1F5) reduce inflammation by blocking the binding of the agonist receptor ligands. In the case of IL-37 (IL-1F7), of which five different splice variants have been described, less is known of its function, and identification of the components of a heterodimeric receptor complex remains unclear. Some studies suggest that IL-37 binds to the alpha chain of the IL-18 receptor in a non-competitive fashion, and this may explain some of the disparate biological effects that have been reported for mice deficient in the IL-18R. The biological properties of IL-37 are mainly those of down-regulating inflammation, as assessed in models where human IL-37 is expressed in mice. In this review, an overview of the role of IL-37 in the regulation of inflammation is presented. The finding that IL-37 also locates to the nucleus, as do IL-1alpha and IL-33, for receptor-independent organ/tissue-specific regulation of inflammation is also reviewed.1 september 201