Overground vs. Treadmill Running: Do Runners Use the Same Strategy to Adjust Stride Length and Frequency While Running at Different Velocities?

Running speed is determined by stride frequency and stride length. As running speed is adjusted, runners make greater adjustments in stride length at slower speeds with a shift to stride frequency adjustments at the faster speeds. The relationship between stride frequency and stride length is largely based on overground research which leads to the purpose of this study to analyze whether the connection of stride frequency and stride length will adjust similar due to changes in running velocity during overground and treadmill running. The protocol was recently approved by The Institutional Review Board and data collection is currently in progress; - thus the following present abstract does not contain data. In order to compare runner’s gait pattern responses to velocity changes, two wearable technologies (Garmin Fenix2, Garmin, Kansas, USA; runScribe, Scribe Lab, San Francisco, USA) designed to measure stride length and stride frequency will be utilized. Subjects will run at a variety of velocities overground and then on the treadmill with speeds ranging from slow, preferred, and fast. The main dependent variables will be stride frequency and stride length. The null hypothesis is: The relationship between stride length and stride frequency is similar while running overground and on a treadmill at different velocities. The results of this study will be helpful to runners as well as development of wearable technology used to quantify run metrics

A Comparative Study Between Alcoholics of Koraga Community, Alcoholics of General Population and Healthy Controls for Antioxidant Markers and Liver Function Parameters

Objectives: It is well established that long-term alcohol consumption leads to liver cirrhosis and other related disorders. Sufficient work has been done on biochemical markers of liver damage and antioxidant status of chronic alcoholics in general population. In the current study chronic alcoholics from a community called Koraga are analysed for the same parameters in a view to assess the extent of liver damage as compared to healthy controls and other alcoholics. Methods: Serum and urine samples from Koraga alcoholics (n=28), general alcoholics (n=30) and healthy controls (n=31) were analysed for liver function parameters and antioxidant markers. Liver function parameters were determined by automated analyzer. Markers of antioxidant status were estimated spectrophotometrically. The data was analysed using SPSS version 16.0. Results: There was significant increase in serum AST, serum ALT, serum GST and urine GST in both general and Koraga alcoholics when compared to healthy controls (p<0.0001). Serum ALT, serum GST and urine GST activity was significantly higher in general alcoholics when compared to Koraga alcoholics (p<0.001). Serum and urine total thiol levels were significantly lower in general alcoholics when compared to healthy controls and Koraga alcoholics (p<0.0001). We have observed no difference in total thiols level between healthy controls and Koraga alcoholics, in fact, there was significant increase in urine total thiols level in Koraga alcoholics compared to healthy controls (p<0.001). On Pearson’s correlation serum AST, serum ALT correlated positively with serum and urine GST (p<0.0001) and negatively with serum total thiols (p<0.0001). Serum GST correlated negatively with serum total thiols (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Results of our study possibly indicate that the extent of alcohol induced liver damage in Koraga subjects is comparatively lower than general alcoholics, even though the alcohol consumption is found to be higher in them. There may be some mechanism that is rendering them resistant to alcoholic liver damage which needs to be explored through further studies at molecular level

Mechatronics: The Synergistic Integration of Mechanical Engineering with Electronics and Control Engineering

Mechatronics, the word itself signifies that it is a combination of “Mechanical” and “Electronics”. It comprises of computer technology, mechanical, electronics, electrical & control engineering. It is an Integration of all technologies together that forms a major part in the design, manufacture and maintenance of wide range engineering products and designs. In industries there is no limit of scope of Mechatronics. This article focuses on the synergistic integration of systems. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15057

Local and global limits on visual processing in schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia has been linked to impaired performance on a range of visual processing tasks (e.g. detection of coherent motion and contour detection). It has been proposed that this is due to a general inability to integrate visual information at a global level. To test this theory, we assessed the performance of people with schizophrenia on a battery of tasks designed to probe voluntary averaging in different visual domains. Twenty-three outpatients with schizophrenia (mean age: 40±8 years; 3 female) and 20 age-matched control participants (mean age 39±9 years; 3 female) performed a motion coherence task and three equivalent noise (averaging) tasks, the latter allowing independent quantification of local and global limits on visual processing of motion, orientation and size. All performance measures were indistinguishable between the two groups (ps>0.05, one-way ANCOVAs), with one exception: participants with schizophrenia pooled fewer estimates of local orientation than controls when estimating average orientation (p = 0.01, one-way ANCOVA). These data do not support the notion of a generalised visual integration deficit in schizophrenia. Instead, they suggest that distinct visual dimensions are differentially affected in schizophrenia, with a specific impairment in the integration of visual orientation information

Pole Dancing: 3D Morphs for Tree Drawings

We study the question whether a crossing-free 3D morph between two straight-line drawings of an $n$-vertex tree can be constructed consisting of a small number of linear morphing steps. We look both at the case in which the two given drawings are two-dimensional and at the one in which they are three-dimensional. In the former setting we prove that a crossing-free 3D morph always exists with $O(\log n)$ steps, while for the latter $\Theta(n)$ steps are always sufficient and sometimes necessary.Comment: Appears in the Proceedings of the 26th International Symposium on Graph Drawing and Network Visualization (GD 2018

Pertumbuhan Bibit Karet (Hevea Brasiliensis L.) Asal Okulasi Pemberian Bokashi Dan Pupuk Organik Cair Bintang Kuda Laut

The experiment aimed to identify the growing of rubber seedling (Hevea Brasilliensis L.) from oculation upon the application of Bokashi and Bintang Kuda Laut organic liquid fertilizer, as well as its interaction, and to find the proper dosage of Bokashi and Bintang Kuda Laut organic liquid fertilizer for rubber seedling. The experiment lasted for four months, from June to September 2012, at the screen house Agriculture Faculty Widya Gama Mahakam University, Sempaja Samarinda city. The experiment employed Completely Randomized Design with factorial 3x4 and three replications. The first factor was Bikashi (B): no bikashi (b0); 300 g bokashi/polybag (b1); 600 g bokashi/polybag (b2). And the secand factor was Bintang Kuda Laut Organic liquid fertilizer (P): no organic liquid fertilizer (p0); 3 ml/liter water (p1); 6 ml/liter water (p2); and 9 ml/liter water (p3). Results of the experiment showed that: (1) significant responses of Bokashi on the parameters of plant height, number of leaf at the stage of 60 and 90 old days after planting and diameter of stem; (2) significant responses on the application of Bintang Kuda Laut Organic liquid fertilizer on plant height, number of leaf at the stage of 60 and 90 old days and diameter of stem; (3) there was no significant responses on all parameters upon the interaction between bikashi and Bintang Kuda Laut organic liquid fertilizer application

Development and Wind Tunnel Evaluation of a SMA Based Trim Tab Actuator for a Civil Aircraft

This paper presents about the development and wind tunnel evaluation of an SMA based smart trim tab for a typical 2 seater civil aircraft. SMA actuator was housed in the port side of the elevator for actuating the trim tab. Wind tunnel tests were conducted on a full scale Horizontal Tail model with Elevator and Trim Tab at free stream speeds of 25, 35 & 45 m/sec and also for a number of deflections of the elevator (30° up, 0° neutral & 25° down) and trim-tab 11° & 21° up and 15° & 31° down). To measure the hinge moment experienced by the trim-tab at various test conditions, two miniaturized balances were designed and fabricated. Gain scheduled proportional integral controller was developed to control the SMA actuated smart trim tab. It was confirmed during the tests that the trim-tab could be controlled at the desired position against the aerodynamic loads acting on it for the various test conditions

An Approach to Recommend Pages to User after Path Completion

With the huge amount of data available on the web, the effective and timely search is most important aspects. Because of tremendous USAge of web the size of the log files are becoming huge day by day. Web Mining which is an application of data mining can be used to improve web performance by generating patterns in the log files. Web Pre-fetching based on recommendation can be used to improve web performance. This paper proposes an architecture that recommends pages to the user based on studying the browsing activity of the user and other user of same USAge profile and completing it in every aspects and then recommending the pages which can be pre-fetched to improve web performance. This paper proposes about the path completion which shows users interest and then recommending pages to the user which will result in effective recommendation