Decision Support for Flight Rerouting in Europe

Congestion has plagued air traffic in the US and in Europe for nearly 20 years. To protect air traffic control from overloads, air traffic flow management tries to anticipate and prevent overloads and limit resulting delays. This paper focuses on understanding the requirements for developing re-routing decision support systems (DSS). It identifies participants in re-routing decisions and investigates the concept and need for a re-routing decision support system. A re-routing demonstrator is discussed as a first step in the development of a DSS and a demonstrator for pre-tactical and tactical re-routings is described. User feedback is described and issues of automation and complexity of re-routing DSS discussed. Finally, the integration of re-routing DSS in future air traffic management systems is addressed

Desenvolvimento ponderal de Búfalos em conservação da raça Carabao criados sistema extensivo.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o desenvolvimento ponderal de búfalos Carabao, para peso ao nascer e às idades padrões de peso aos 205 dias, peso aos 365 dias, peso aos 550 dias e peso aos 730 dias de idade. Os pesos foram registrados dos animais participantes do projeto de conservação de recursos genéticos de animais de grande porte na Amazônia oriental, do Banco de Germoplasma Animal da Amazônia Oriental ? BAGAM, da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Ilha de Marajó, em Salvaterra ? PA. Os animais foram submetidos a um manejo extensivo, em savanas mal drenadas, em pastagens nativas, onde predominam dentre as gramíneas dos gêneros Andropogon, Trachypogon, Paspalum, dentre outros e dentre as leguminosas os gêneros Cassia, Stylosanthes. Os animais também foram, suplementados com mineralização à base de fósforo e sal comum iodado. Os valores encontrados de acordo com as idades padrões foram: 34,07 + 6,05 kg para peso ao nascer (PN) E 119,11 + 22,65 kg, 173,46 + 36,82 kg, 192,42 + 44,25 kg e 235,59 + 44,54 kg para, respectivamente 205, 365, 550 e 730 dias de idade. Os resultados sugerem que a raça pode ser uma boa escolha para a seleção de animais destinados a produção de corte

Avaliação da Vergonha em Adolescentes: ‘The Other as Shamer Scale’

Shame, as a self-conscious, multidimensional and socially focused emotion, plays a central role in the mental health of individuals. In adolescents, shame is also a frequent experience and its assessment is important for research and clinical practice. This study aims to validate a brief measure of external shame (Other as Shamer Scale – brief version for adolescents: (OASB-A). The participants were 834 adolescents with a mean age of 15 years. The final model of the OASB-A (8 items), obtained through CFA, presents a good fit to the data. The OASB-A shows a good internal consistency and an adequate temporal reliability. The OASB-A also reveals significant correlations with traumatic shame experiences (IES-R) and psychopathological symptoms (DASS-21). The OASB-A is an economic and reliable measure to assess external shame in adolescents

Leucine supplementation improves adiponectin and total cholesterol concentrations despite the lack of changes in adiposity or glucose homeostasis in rats previously exposed to a high-fat diet

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Studies suggest that leucine supplementation (LS) has a therapeutic potential to prevent obesity and to promote glucose homeostasis. Furthermore, regular physical exercise is a widely accepted strategy for body weight maintenance and also for the prevention of obesity. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of chronic LS alone or combined with endurance training (ET) as potential approaches for reversing the insulin resistance and obesity induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) in rats.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Forty-seven rats were randomly divided into two groups. Animals were fed a control diet-low fat (<it>n = </it>10) or HFD (<it>n = </it>37). After 15 weeks on HFD, all rats received the control diet-low fat and were randomly divided according to treatment: reference (REF), LS, ET, and LS+ET (<it>n = </it>7-8 rats per group). After 6 weeks of treatment, the animals were sacrificed and body composition, fat cell volume, and serum concentrations of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerol, glucose, adiponectin, leptin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were analyzed.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>At the end of the sixth week of treatment, there was no significant difference in body weight between the REF, LS, ET and LS+ET groups. However, ET increased lean body mass in rats (<it>P </it>= 0.019). In addition, ET was more effective than LS in reducing adiposity (<it>P </it>= 0.019), serum insulin (<it>P </it>= 0.022) and TNF-α (<it>P </it>= 0.044). Conversely, LS increased serum adiponectin (<it>P </it>= 0.021) levels and reduced serum total cholesterol concentration (<it>P </it>= 0.042).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The results showed that LS had no beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity or adiposity in previously obese rats. On the other hand, LS was effective in increasing adiponectin levels and in reducing total cholesterol concentration.</p

Red Brasileña de recursos genéticos animales.

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