173 research outputs found
Azeotropokat tartalmazĂł terner elegy elvĂĄlasztĂĄsa szakaszos nyomĂĄsvĂĄltĂł desztillĂĄciĂłval
Egy, kĂŠt binĂŠr minimĂĄlis azeotropot
tartalmazĂł terner elegy (n-pentĂĄn-aceton-c-hexĂĄn)
nyomĂĄsvĂĄltĂł szakaszos desztillĂĄciĂłval (NYVSZD)
tĂśrtĂŠnĹ szĂŠtvĂĄlaszthatĂłsĂĄgĂĄt tanulmĂĄnyozzuk
megvalĂłsĂt-hatĂłsĂĄgi vizsgĂĄlatokkal ĂŠs rĂŠszletes
modellezĹ szĂĄmĂtĂĄsokkal. A megvalĂłsĂthatĂłsĂĄgi
vizsgĂĄlatokkal, mely a maradĂŠkgĂśrbe tĂŠrkĂŠpek
elemzĂŠsĂŠn alapulnak, meghatĂĄrozzuk az egyes
kolonna konfigurĂĄciĂłknĂĄl (egy ĂŠs kĂŠt oszlopos
szakaszos sztripper) alkalmazandĂł mĹąveleti
lĂŠpĂŠseket. A rĂŠszletes modellezĂŠst professzionĂĄlis
dinamikus folyamat-szimulĂĄtorral vĂŠgezzĂźk. A
szĂĄmĂtĂĄsokat ipari mĂŠretĹą berendezĂŠsekre vĂŠgezzĂźk.
A dupla kolonnĂĄs szakaszos sztripper berendezĂŠsre
kĂŠt Ăźzemviteli mĂłdot hasonlĂtunk Ăśssze. | The separation of a ternary mixture (n-pentane-acetone-cyclo-hexane) with two binary minimum azeotropes is
studied by feasibility studies and rigorous simulation calculations. By the feasibility studies based on the analysis
of the vessel paths in the residue curve maps at the two different pressures (PI, PII) the separation steps are
determined for the two configurations studied (batch stripper (BS), double column batch stripper (DCBS)). The
rigorous calculations are performed by the CCDColumn professional dynamic flow-sheet simulator.
For the DCBS two operational policies are compared:
1. The production is begun in each column immediately when the bottoms reaches its prescribed purity.
2. The production is begun in both columns at the same time (when both bottoms have already reached the
prescribed purity.)
For both operational policies the optimal distribution of the liquid (Ρ=LI/Ltotal) leaving the common top vessel
between the two columns, for which the energy consumption is minimal is determined.
Policy 1 gave more favourable results (lower energy consumption, wider operating region)
Ăj kolonna konfigurĂĄciĂłk nyomĂĄsvĂĄltĂł szakaszos desztillĂĄciĂłhoz I. MegvalĂłsĂthatĂłsĂĄgi vizsgĂĄlatok | New column configutations for pressure swing batch distillation I. Feasibility Studies
MegvalĂłsĂthatĂłsĂĄgi vizsgĂĄlatokat vĂŠgeztĂźnk kĂźlĂśnbĂśzĹ szakaszos kolonna konfigurĂĄciĂłkra
nyomĂĄsvĂĄltĂł desztillĂĄciĂłra. A szĂĄmĂtĂĄsokat maximĂĄlis szĂŠtvĂĄlasztĂĄst feltĂŠtelezve vĂŠgeztĂźk. A jĂłl ismertek
(rektifikĂĄlĂł, szakaszos sztripper, kĂśzĂŠpsĹ tartĂĄlyos oszlop) vizsgĂĄlata mellett kĂŠt Ăşj konfigurĂĄciĂłra (kĂŠtkolonnĂĄs
szakaszos rektifikĂĄlĂł ĂŠs a kĂŠtkolonnĂĄs szakaszos sztripper) is javaslatot tettĂźnk. MegvizsgĂĄltuk a rektifikĂĄlĂĄs ĂŠs
sztippelĂŠs idĹben vĂĄltakozĂł alkalmazĂĄsĂĄt is
Ăj kolonna konfigurĂĄciĂłk nyomĂĄsvĂĄltĂł szakaszos desztillĂĄciĂłhoz II. RĂŠszletes szĂĄmĂtĂĄsok | New column configurations for pressure swing batch distillation II. Rigorous Simulation
RĂŠszletes szĂĄmĂtĂĄsokat vĂŠgeztĂźnk kĂźlĂśnbĂśzĹ szakaszos kolonna konfigurĂĄciĂłkra nyomĂĄsvĂĄltĂł desztillĂĄciĂłra. A
szĂĄmĂtĂĄsokat egy professzionĂĄlis folyamatszimulĂĄtort hasznĂĄlva vĂŠgeztĂźk minimĂĄlis (etanol-toluol) ĂŠs maximĂĄlis
forrĂĄspontĂş (vĂz-etilĂŠn-diamin) azeotrop elegyekre. A jĂłl ismertek (rektifikĂĄlĂł, szakaszos sztripper, kĂśzĂŠpsĹ
tartĂĄlyos oszlop) vizsgĂĄlata mellett kĂŠt Ăşj konfigurĂĄciĂłra (kĂŠtkolonnĂĄs szakaszos rektifikĂĄlĂł ĂŠs a kĂŠtkolonnĂĄs
szakaszos sztripper) is javaslatot tettĂźnk. MegvizsgĂĄltuk a rektifikĂĄlĂĄs ĂŠs sztippelĂŠs idĹben vĂĄltakozĂł
alkalmazĂĄsĂĄt is. VĂŠgĂźl ĂśsszehasonlĂtottuk a kĂźlĂśnbĂśzĹ konfigurĂĄciĂłkat. | The pressure swing distillation in different batch column configurations is investigated by rigorous simulation
calculations. The calculations are made by a professional flow-sheet simulator for the separation of a minimum
(ethanolâtoluene) and a maximum boiling (waterâ ethylene-diamine) azeotropic mixture. Besides studying the
well known configurations (rectifier, stripper) we also investigate two novel configurations such as double
column batch rectifier and double column batch stripper. The alternate application of a batch rectifier and a batch
stripper is also studied. The different column configurations are compared
IT background of the medium-term storage of MartonvĂĄsĂĄr Cereal Genebank resources in phytotron cold rooms
Genebanks are storage facilities designed to maintain the plant genetic resources of
crop varieties (and their wild relatives) and to ensure that they are made available and
distributed for use by plant breeders, researchers and farmers. The MartonvĂĄsĂĄr Cereal
Genebank (MV-CGB) collection evolved from the working collections of local breeders
and consists predominantly of local and regional materials. Established in 1992 by the
Agricultural Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (BedĹ, 2009), MVCGB
with its over 10,000 accessions of the major species (Triticum, Aegilops, Agropyron,
Elymus, Thinopyrum, Pseudoroegneria, Secale, Hordeum, Avena, Zea mays), became one
of the approx. 80 cereal germplasm collections that exist globally. In MartonvĂĄsĂĄr
breeding is underway on a number of cereal species, and large numbers of genotypes are
tested each year in the field and under laboratory conditions. The increasing size of the
research programmes assisted by a modern genebank background involve an enormous
increase in the quantity of data that must be handled during research activities such as
traditional breeding, pre-breeding and organic breeding. A computerized system is of
primary importance to synchronize breeding and genebank activities, to monitor the
quality and quantity of seed accessions in cold storage, to assist the registration of samples,
and to facilitate characterization, regeneration and germplasm distribution
Wheat-barley hybridization â the last forty years
Abstract Several useful alien gene transfers have
been reported from related species into wheat (Triticum
aestivum), but very few publications have dealt
with the development of wheat/barley (Hordeum
vulgare) introgression lines. An overview is given
here of wheat 9 barley hybridization over the last
forty years, including the development of
wheat 9 barley hybrids, and of addition and translocation
lines with various barley cultivars. A short
summary is also given of the wheat 9 barley hybrids
produced with other Hordeum species. The meiotic
pairing behaviour of wheat 9 barley hybrids is presented,
with special regard to the detection of wheatâ
barley homoeologous pairing using the molecular
cytogenetic technique GISH. The effect of in vitro
multiplication on the genome composition of intergeneric
hybrids is discussed, and the production and
characterization of the latest wheat/barley translocation
lines are presented. An overview of the agronomical
traits (b-glucan content, earliness, salt tolerance,
sprouting resistance, etc.) of the newly developed
introgression lines is given. The exploitation and
possible use of wheat/barley introgression lines for
the most up-to-date molecular genetic studies
(transcriptome analysis, sequencing of flow-sorted
chromosomes) are also discussed
Cytomolecular identification of individual wheat-wheat chromosome arm associations in wheat-rye hybrids
Chromosome pairing in the meiotic metaphase I of wheatrye
hybrids has been characterized by sequential genomic
and fluorescent in situ hybridization allowing not only the
discrimination of wheat and rye chromosomes, but also the
identification of the individual wheat and rye chromosome
arms involved in the chromosome associations. The majority
of associations (93.8%) were observed between the wheat
chromosomes. The largest number of wheat-wheat chromosome
associations (53%) was detected between the A and D
genomes, while the frequency of B-D and A-B associations
was significantly lower (32 and 8%, respectively). Among the
A-D chromosome associations, pairing between the 3AL and
3DL arms was observed with the highest frequency, while
the most frequent of all the chromosome associations (0.113/
cell) was found to be the 3DS-3BS. Differences in the pairing
frequency of the individual chromosome arms of wheat-rye
hybrids have been discussed in relation to the homoeologous
relationships between the constituent genomes of
hexaploid wheat
Is risk of central nervous system (CNS) relapse related to adjuvant taxane treatment in node-positive breast cancer? Results of the CNS substudy in the intergroup phase III BIG 02-98 trial
Background: Breast cancer central nervous system (CNS) metastases are an increasingly important problem because of high CNS relapse rates in patients treated with trastuzumab and/or taxanes. Patients and methods: We evaluated data from 2887 node-positive breast cancer patients randomised in the BIG 02-98 trial comparing anthracycline-based adjuvant chemotherapy (control arms) to anthracycline-docetaxel-based sequential or concurrent chemotherapy (experimental arms). After a median follow-up of 5 years, 403 patients had died and detailed information on CNS relapse was collected for these patients. Results: CNS relapse occurred in 4.0% of control patients and 3.7% of docetaxel-treated patients. CNS relapse occurred in 27% of deceased patients in both treatment groups. CNS relapse was usually accompanied by neurologic symptoms (90%), and 25% of patients with CNS relapse died without evidence of extra-CNS relapse. Only 20% of patients survived 1 year from the diagnosis of CNS relapse. Prognosis of CNS relapse was worse for patients with meningeal carcinomatosis when compared with brain metastases. Unexpected findings included a higher rate of positive cerebrospinal fluid cytology (8% versus 3%) and more frequent use of magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosis (47% versus 30%) in the docetaxel-treated patients. Conclusion: There is no evidence that adjuvant docetaxel treatment is associated with an increased frequency of CNS relaps
Drought stress affects the protein and dietary fiber content of wholemeal wheat flour in wheat/Aegilops addition lines
Wild relatives of wheat, such as Aegilops spp. are potential sources of genes conferring tolerance to drought stress. As drought stress affects seed composition, the main goal of the present study was to determine the effects of drought stress on the content and composition of the grain storage protein (gliadin (Gli), glutenin (Glu), unextractable polymeric proteins (UPP%) and dietary fiber (arabinoxylan, β-glucan) components of hexaploid bread wheat (T. aestivum) lines containing added chromosomes from Ae. biuncialis or Ae. geniculata. Both Aegilops parents have higher contents of protein and β-glucan and higher proportions of water-soluble arabinoxylans (determined as pentosans) than wheat when grown under both well-watered and drought stress conditions. In general, drought stress resulted in increased contents of protein and total pentosans in the addition lines, while the β-glucan content decreased in many of the addition lines. The differences found between the wheat/Aegilops addition lines and wheat parents under well-watered conditions were also manifested under drought stress conditions: Namely, elevated β-glucan content was found in addition lines containing chromosomes 5Ug, 7Ug and 7Mb, while chromosomes 1Ub and 1Mg affected the proportion of polymeric proteins (determined as Glu/Gli and UPP%, respectively) under both well-watered and drought stress conditions. Furthermore, the addition of chromosome 6Mg decreased the WE-pentosan content under both conditions. The grain composition of the Aegilops accessions was more stable under drought stress than that of wheat, and wheat lines with the added Aegilops chromosomes 2Mg and 5Mg also had more stable grain protein and pentosan contents. The negative effects of drought stress on both the physical and compositional properties of wheat were also reduced by the addition of these. These results suggest that the stability of the grain composition could be improved under drought stress conditions by the intraspecific hybridization of wheat with its wild relatives
- âŚ