908 research outputs found
Strongly interacting bosons on a three-leg ladder in the presence of a homogeneous flux
We perform a density-matrix renormalization-group study of strongly
interacting bosons on a three-leg ladder in the presence of a homogeneous flux.
Focusing on one-third filling, we explore the phase diagram in dependence of
the magnetic flux and the inter-leg tunneling strength. We find several phases
including a Meissner phase, vortex liquids, a vortex lattice, as well as a
staggered-current phase. Moreover, there are regions where the chiral current
reverses its direction, both in the Meissner and in the staggered-current
phase. While the reversal in the latter case can be ascribed to spontaneous
breaking of translational invariance, in the first it stems from an effective
flux increase in the rung direction. Interactions are a necessary ingredient to
realize either type of chiral-current reversal
Thermal transport of the XXZ chain in a magnetic field
We study the heat conduction of the spin-1/2 XXZ chain in finite magnetic
fields where magnetothermal effects arise. Due to the integrability of this
model, all transport coefficients diverge, signaled by finite Drude weights.
Using exact diagonalization and mean-field theory, we analyze the temperature
and field dependence of the thermal Drude weight for various exchange
anisotropies under the condition of zero magnetization-current flow. First, we
find a strong magnetic field dependence of the Drude weight, including a
suppression of its magnitude with increasing field strength and a non-monotonic
field-dependence of the peak position. Second, for small exchange anisotropies
and magnetic fields in the massless as well as in the fully polarized regime
the mean-field approach is in excellent agreement with the exact
diagonalization data. Third, at the field-induced quantum critical line between
the para- and ferromagnetic region we propose a universal low-temperature
behavior of the thermal Drude weight.Comment: 9 pages REVTeX4 including 5 figures, revised version, refs. added,
typos correcte
Vortex and Meissner phases of strongly-interacting bosons on a two-leg ladder
We establish the phase diagram of the strongly-interacting Bose-Hubbard model
defined on a two-leg ladder geometry in the presence of a homogeneous flux. Our
work is motivated by a recent experiment [Atala et al., Nature Phys. 10, 588
(2014)], which studied the same system, in the complementary regime of weak
interactions. Based on extensive density matrix renormalization group
simulations and a bosonization analysis, we fully explore the parameter space
spanned by filling, inter-leg tunneling, and flux. As a main result, we
demonstrate the existence of gapless and gapped Meissner and vortex phases,
with the gapped states emerging in Mott-insulating regimes. We calculate
experimentally accessible observables such as chiral currents and vortex
patterns.Comment: 4 pages + Supplementary Materia
Phase diagram of an anisotropic frustrated ferromagnetic spin-1/2 chain in a magnetic field: a density matrix renormalization group study
We study the phase diagram of a frustrated spin-1/2 ferromagnetic chain with
anisotropic exchange interactions in an external magnetic field, using the
density matrix renormalization group method. We show that an easy-axis
anisotropy enhances the tendency towards multimagnon bound states, while an
easy-plane anisotropy favors chirally ordered phases. In particular, a moderate
easy-plane anisotropy gives rise to a quantum phase transition at intermediate
magnetization. We argue that this transition is related to the finite-field
phase transition experimentally observed in the spin-1/2 compound LiCuVO_4.Comment: The final published versio
Spontaneous increase of magnetic flux and chiral-current reversal in bosonic ladders: Swimming against the tide
The interplay between spontaneous symmetry breaking in many-body systems, the
wavelike nature of quantum particles and lattice effects produces an
extraordinary behavior of the chiral current of bosonic particles in the
presence of a uniform magnetic flux defined on a two-leg ladder. While
non-interacting as well as strongly interacting particles, stirred by the
magnetic field, circulate along the system's boundary in the counterclockwise
direction in the ground state, interactions stabilize vortex lattices. These
states break translational symmetry, which can lead to a reversal of the
circulation direction. Our predictions could readily be accessed in quantum gas
experiments with existing setups or in arrays of Josephson junctions.Comment: 5 pages + 5 pages of supplementary materia
Diamond electro-optomechanical resonators integrated in nanophotonic circuits
Diamond integrated photonic devices are promising candidates for emerging
applications in nanophotonics and quantum optics. Here we demonstrate active
modulation of diamond nanophotonic circuits by exploiting mechanical degrees of
freedom in free-standing diamond electro-optomechanical resonators. We obtain
high quality factors up to 9600, allowing us to read out the driven
nanomechanical response with integrated optical interferometers with high
sensitivity. We are able to excite higher order mechanical modes up to 115 MHz
and observe the nanomechanical response also under ambient conditions.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figure
The effect of anode potential on current production from complex substrates in bioelectrochemical systems: a case study with glucose
Anode potential can affect the degradation pathway of complex substrates in bioelectrochemical systems (BESs), thereby influencing current production and coulombic efficiency. However, the intricacies behind this interplay are poorly understood. This study used glucose as a model substrate to comprehensively investigate the effect of different anode potentials (− 150 mV, 0 mV and + 200 mV) on the relationship between current production, the electrogenic pathway and the abundance of the electrogenic microorganisms involved in batch mode fed BESs. Current production in glucose-acclimatized reactors was a function of the abundance of Geobacteraceae and of the availability of acetate and formate produced by glucose degradation. Current production was increased by high anode potentials during acclimation (0 mV and + 200 mV), likely due to more Geobacteraceae developing. However, this effect was much weaker than a stimulus from an artificial high acetate supply: acetate was the rate-limiting intermediate in these systems. The supply of acetate could not be influenced by anode potential; altering the flow regime, batch time and management of the upstream fermentation processes may be a greater engineering tool in BES. However, these findings suggest that if high current production is the focus, it will be extremely difficult to achieve success with complex waste streams such as domestic wastewater
Coherent spin-current oscillations in transverse magnetic fields
We address the coherence of the dynamics of spin-currents with components
transverse to an external magnetic field for the spin-1/2 Heisenberg chain. We
study current autocorrelations at finite temperatures and the real-time
dynamics of currents at zero temperature. Besides a coherent Larmor
oscillation, we find an additional collective oscillation at higher
frequencies, emerging as a coherent many-magnon effect at low temperatures.
Using numerical and analytical methods, we analyze the oscillation frequency
and decay time of this coherent current-mode versus temperature and magnetic
field.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures (and supplemental material: 4 pages, 6 figures
Expansion velocity of a one-dimensional, two-component Fermi gas during the sudden expansion in the ballistic regime
We show that in the sudden expansion of a spin-balanced two-component Fermi
gas into an empty optical lattice induced by releasing particles from a trap,
over a wide parameter regime, the radius of the particle cloud grows
linearly in time. This allow us to define the expansion velocity from
. The goal of this work is to clarify the dependence of the
expansion velocity on the initial conditions which we establish from
time-dependent density matrix renormalization group simulations, both for a box
trap and a harmonic trap. As a prominent result, the presence of a
Mott-insulating region leaves clear fingerprints in the expansion velocity. Our
predictions can be verified in experiments with ultra-cold atoms.Comment: 8 pages 10 figures, version as published with minor stylistic change
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