Low Speed Estimation of Sensorless DTC Induction Motor Drive Using MRAS with Neuro Fuzzy Adaptive Controller

This paper presents a closed loop Model Reference Adaptive system (MRAS) observer with artificial intelligent Nuero fuzzy controller (NFC) as the adaptation technique to mitigate the low speed estimation issues and to improvise the performance of the Sensorless Direct Torque Controlled (DTC) Induction Motor Drives (IMD). Rotor flux MRAS and reactive power MRAS with NFC is explored and detailed analysis is carried out for low speed estimation. Comparative analysis between rotor flux MRAS and reactive power MRAS with PI as well as NFC as adaptive controller is performed and results are presented in this paper. The comparative analysis among these four speed estimation methods shows that reactive power MRAS with NFC as adaptation mechanism shows reduced speed estimation error and actual speed error at steady state operating conditions when the drive is subjected to low speed operation. Simulation carried out using MATLAB-Simulink software to validate the performance of the drive especially at low speeds with rated and variable load conditions

Pathway to Sustainability: An Overview of Renewable Energy Integration in Building Systems

Decarbonizing the building sector is crucial for mitigating climate change, reducing carbon emissions, and achieving an energy production–consumption balance. This research aims to identify key design principles and strategies to enhance energy savings and analyze the integration potential of renewable energy sources (RES) such as solar, wind, geothermal, and biomass, providing in-depth technical exploration and evaluating current building developments. Moreover, the study also examines recent developments, explicitly focusing on integrating hybrid renewable energy systems, energy storage solutions, and AI-based technological innovations. Through comprehensive analysis and critical evaluation, this research provides valuable insights and practical recommendations for achieving building sustainability and advancing the transition towards a low-carbon built environment

Sustainable E-fuels: Green hydrogen, methanol and ammonia for carbon-neutral transportation

Increasingly stringent sustainability and decarbonization objectives drive investments in adopting environmentally friendly, low, and zero-carbon fuels. This study presents a comparative framework of green hydrogen, green ammonia, and green methanol production and application in a clear context. By harnessing publicly available data sources, including from the literature, this research delves into the evaluation of green fuels. Building on these insights, this study outlines the production process, application, and strategic pathways to transition into a greener economy by 2050. This envisioned transformation unfolds in three progressive steps: the utilization of green hydrogen, green ammonia, and green methanol as a sustainable fuel source for transport applications; the integration of these green fuels in industries; and the establishment of mechanisms for achieving the net zero. However, this research also reveals the formidable challenges of producing green hydrogen, green ammonia, and green methanol. These challenges encompass technological intricacies, economic barriers, societal considerations, and far-reaching policy implications necessitating collaborative efforts and innovative solutions to successfully develop and deploy green hydrogen, green ammonia, and green methanol. The findings unequivocally demonstrate that renewable energy sources play a pivotal role in enabling the production of these green fuels, positioning the global transition in the landscape of sustainable energy

Exploring the Anti-dandruff Potential of Selected Medicinal Plants

ABSTRACT Dandruff is the most common problem that affects many people leading to an embarrassing condition. It results from three main factors namely: Malassezia fungi, sebaceous secretion and individual sensitivity. The liphophillic yeast Malassezia furfur is the most common dandruff causing agent in India. In this study dandruff flakes were isolated from patient and cultured in appropriate media like Potato dextrose agar and Sabouraud's dextrose agar. The antidandruff activity of three selected medicinal plants-Piper cubeba, Cissus quadrangularis and Bauhinia vahlii was studied by well diffusion and broth dilution assay. On screening, methanol extract of Piper cubeba showed good activity and further on broth dilution assay gave a Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) at 100µg/ml and IC50 at 800µg/ml. On partial purification through TLC and bio-autography an R f value of 0.705 was obtained where the active compound had activity against dandruff

PROBABILISTIC FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF A HEAVY DUTY RADIATOR UNDER INTERNAL PRESSURE LOADING

Engine cooling is vital in keeping the engine at most efficient temperature for the different vehicle speed and operating road conditions. Radiator is one of the key components in the heavy duty engine cooling system. Heavy duty radiator is subjected to various kinds of loading such as pressure, thermal, vibration, internal erosion, external corrosion, creep. Pressure cycle durability is one of the most important characteristic in the design of heavy duty radiator. Current design methodologies involve design of heavy duty radiator using the nominal finite element approach which does not take into account of the variations occurring in the geometry, material and boundary condition, leading to over conservative and uneconomical designs of radiator system. A new approach is presented in the paper to integrate traditional linear finite element method and probabilistic approach to design a heavy duty radiator by including the uncertainty in the computational model. As a first step, nominal run is performed with input design variables and desired responses are extracted. A probabilistic finite elementanalysis is performed to identify the robust designs and validated for reliability. Probabilistic finite element includes the uncertainty of the material thickness, dimensional and geometrical variation. Gaussian distribution is employed to define the random variation and uncertainty. Monte Carlo method is used to generate the random design points.Output response distributions of the random design points are post-processed using different statistical and probability technique to find the robust design. The above approach of systematic virtual modelling and analysis of the data helps to find efficient and reliable robust design

Effect of processing parameters on the morphology of the interfacial intermetallics between Cu and SnPb solders

The wetting reaction between Cu substrate and the molten Sn-Pb solder alloys of four different compositions had been studied to characterise the morphology of the intermetallic compound (IMC) at the interface between Cu and solder. The morphological changes of the IMC layer is analysed with respect to the Pb-content of the solder alloy, molten solder temperature (10°C, 20°C, 40°C and 60°C above the liquidus temperature of each alloy) and immersion time of Cu. The morphology of the IMC is classified into three broad groups namely, cellular, scallop and planar. These morphologies are found to vary gradually from one type to the other with the Pb-content, temperature and time. Fractal Dimension (FD), a measure of roughness, is estimated from the digitized SEM micrographs of the IMC layer at each reaction condition and it is correlated with reaction conditions

Monitoring the blood pressure in different phases of menstrual cycle

ABSTRACT The present study is performed to screen the daily blood pressure changes in the entire cycle of menstrual cycles. As we are aware that many hormones involved in regulating the menstrual cycle which has its influence on the blood pressure directly or indirectly. India is a highly populated country hence Government of India and State Government of Tamilnadu has taken various measures to control the population through various family planning programmes. Presently the effective family planning method is by using oral contraceptives which contain synthetically prepared hormones. These hormones although it controls conception , since it contains synthetic which show toxic signs by altering the physiology which may results in psychopharmacological by altering the metabolic functions. If these toxic signs are neglected for a long time leads to cancer. In this study 10 female subjects having normal menstrual cycle with the age group of 15 -20 years were selected since the cycle will be very effective in these age group girls. In this study we observed a study increase in blood pressure in luteal phase when compared to other follicular or menstrual flow period. Regarding the other three phases of the cycle, they show fluctuating results which may be due to the living environment and hormones. During these three phases when we compare the blood pressure of morning and evening it shows high fluctuation which is not observed in the luteal phase where it shows a steep increase in the entire day. Similar studies will help us to identify the time of increase in the entire luteal period of the menstrual cycle