Socio-economic Aspects of Marine Bivalve Production

The aim of this book is to review and analyse the goods and services of bivalve shellfish. How they are defined, what determines the ecological functions that are the basis for the goods and services, what controversies in the use of goods and services exist, and what is needed for sustainable exploitation of bivalves from the perspective of the various stakeholders. The book is focused on the goods and services, and not on impacts of shellfish aquaculture on the benthic environment, or on threats like biotoxins; neither is it a shellfish culture handbook although it can be used in evaluating shellfish culture. The reviews and analysis are based on case studies that exemplify the concept, and show the strengths and weaknesses of the current applications. The multi-authored reviews cover ecological, economic and social aspects of bivalve goods and services. The book provides new insights for scientists, students, shellfish producers, policy advisors, nature conservationists and decision makers

Capacity management by global shipping alliances: findings from a game experiment: .

International audienceThe present article uses game experiments to understand the dynamics of oligopolistic competition in liner shipping markets. We show how a limited number of carriers, interacting over time, acting independently or grouped into global shipping alliances, are able to efectively and jointly reduce excess capacity. A serious game (called TRALIN) has been designed to this end, mimicking the global liner shipping market where four to fve global shipping alliances compete on a set of 12 routes, connecting four ports of call for a few sequential voyages. Carriers are initially subject to low profts due to over-capacity and have to anticipate competitor capacity decisions and vessel deployment simultaneously. Results from 18 experimental games with 4644 decisions were collected and statistically analysed to confrm the main tenets of oligopoly theory and to highlight the existence of a learning efectfrom successive interactions (rounds in games). Our results suggest that a ‘coordinated’ reduction in capacity is more likely to occur when the number of competitors is limited, but even more when excessive capacity is high, urging the need for cooperation; a learning efect amongst market participants is detected over time. Serious games are fexible tools for improving our understanding of competition, the organization of liner shipping networks, and the role played by global shipping alliances. This tool may help practitioners to understand how over-capacity is evolving withinthe competitive process, and what factors may infuence it. Although voluntarily made simplistic for the purpose of experiments, our design allows one to focus on the main tenets of oligopoly theory as applied to shipping markets

Trade barriers and European imports of seafood products: a quantitative assessment

Two opposite principles are guiding the common commercial policy in Europe: the community preference and the security of supply for the European market. During the market crisis of 1993-1994 in France when the prices dropped down, fishermen asked for more protection in order to reduce fish imports. This paper deals with the impact of import protection on the European imports of fishery products. A quantitative assessment is developed through a panel data import function. The main conclusion is that import protection has little effect on imports. However, the results show a different impact of trade barriers on seafood imports according to the level of processing; the protection is expectedly more effective for processed fish than for primary goods, because trade barriers are higher. Moreover, whatever the commodities, other effects appear to be far more influential than trade barriers on import levels. These are price effects (including exchange rate), or the distance between countries.Trade barriers Seafood products Econometric modelling

Capacity management by global shipping alliances : findings from a game experiment

The present article uses game experiments to understand the dynamics of oligopolistic competition in liner shipping markets. We show how a limited number of carriers, interacting over time, acting independently or grouped into global shipping alliances, are able to effectively and jointly reduce excess capacity. A serious game (called TRALIN) has been designed to this end, mimicking the global liner shipping market where four to five global shipping alliances compete on a set of 12 routes, connecting four ports of call for a few sequential voyages. Carriers are initially subject to low profits due to over-capacity and have to anticipate competitor capacity decisions and vessel deployment simultaneously. Results from 18 experimental games with 4644 decisions were collected and statistically analysed to confirm the main tenets of oligopoly theory and to highlight the existence of a learning effect from successive interactions (rounds in games). Our results suggest that a 'coordinated' reduction in capacity is more likely to occur when the number of competitors is limited, but even more when excessive capacity is high, urging the need for cooperation; a learning effect amongst market participants is detected over time. Serious games are flexible tools for improving our understanding of competition, the organization of liner shipping networks, and the role played by global shipping alliances. This tool may help practitioners to understand how over-capacity is evolving within the competitive process, and what factors may influence it. Although voluntarily made simplistic for the purpose of experiments, our design allows one to focus on the main tenets of oligopoly theory as applied to shipping markets

Les recherches françaises en évaluation quantitative et modélisation des ressources et des systèmes halieutiques : actes du colloque

Si de nombreux auteurs ont abordé la question de la taille des flottilles adaptée aux ressources halieutiques disponibles, il est rarement fait référence à la taille unitaire optimale de ces flottilles. En d'autres termes, existe-t-il ou non des rendements d'échelle croissants dans le secteur de la pêche ? Un examen de ces rendements est proposé et appliqué au cas de la flottille industrielle du Sud-Bretagne. Au-delà de la relation entre production et coûts, il constitue une approche de la rentabilité en courte période et permet d'interpréter l'adaption stratégique des flottilles aux nouvelles conditions qui régissent l'activité depuis dix ans. (Résumé d'auteur

Analyse lexicale d’un conflit d’aménagement: Le cas de l’extension industrialo-portuaire à Donges-Est, dans l’estuaire de la Loire

International audienc