REVIEW OF SPECTROSCOPIC INVESTIGATION ON FUNDAMENTAL MODES OF DFT STUDIES OF PURE PYRAZINEAMIDE

A probe into the literature survey clearly reveals no work has been administered for the synthesis of pyrazinamide(TLC) using Teraphthaldehyde . therefore this study aimed to figure and produce highly effective medicinal hydrazide derivatives are synthesized from Schiff base route. The structure of the ligand THC and its complexes were carried various spectral studies. From these studies, i do know about the knowledge of chemistry and spectroscopy. The main objective of this study is to synthesis of pyrazineamide and teraphthaledehyde to determine the structure through the analytical (elemental and TLC) and spectral (IR, H1 NMR and C13 NMR) methods of characterizatio

First level seismic microzonation map of Chennai city – a GIS approach

Chennai city is the fourth largest metropolis in India, is the focus of economic, social and cultural development and it is the capital of the State of Tamil Nadu. The city has a multi-dimensional growth in development of its infrastructures and population. The area of Chennai has experienced moderate earthquakes in the historical past. Also the Bureau of Indian Standard upgraded the seismic status of Chennai from Low Seismic Hazard (Zone II) to Moderate Seismic Hazard (Zone III)–(BIS: 1893 (2001)). In this connection, a first level seismic microzonation map of Chennai city has been produced with a GIS platform using the themes, viz, Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA), Shear wave velocity at 3 m, Geology, Ground water fluctuation and bed rock depth. The near potential seismic sources were identified from the remote-sensing study and seismo-tectonic details from published literatures. The peak ground acceleration for these seismic sources were estimated based on the attenuation relationship and the maximum PGA for Chennai is 0.176 g. The groundwater fluctuation of the city varies from 0–4 m below ground level. The depth to bedrock configuration shows trough and ridges in the bedrock topography all over the city. The seismic microzonation analysis involved grid datasets (the discrete datasets from different themes were converted to grids) to compute the final seismic hazard grid through integration and weightage analysis of the source themes. The Chennai city has been classified into three broad zones, viz, High, Moderate and Low Seismic Hazard. The High seismic Hazard concentrated in a few places in the western central part of the city. The moderate hazard areas are oriented in NW-SE direction in the Western part. The southern and eastern part will have low seismic hazard. The result of the study may be used as first-hand information in selecting the appropriate earthquake resistant features in designing the forthcoming new buildings against seismic ground motion of the city

NANOEMULSIONS FOR PROSTRATE CANCER THERAPY: AN OVERVIEW

The objective of this review is to focus the inferences of low/poor bioavailability and lack of dose proportionality for the oral delivery of drugs in prostatecancer therapy. To overcome such problems, various formulation strategies has been reported including various methods for the use of surfactants,cyclodextrins, solid dispersions, micronization, permeation enhancers, and lipids. Flutamide is an antiandrogen drug and used for the therapy of prostate cancer. The flutamide drug is having limited clinical application due to its poor water solubility and needs enhancement of its dissolution rate in simulated gastric fluids. The lipid-based formulations such as nanoemulsion have been shown to improve the solubility and oral absorption of lipophilic drugs. To conclude, this article emphasizes the various approaches of nanoemulsion based formulation for prostate cancer therapy.Â

A perspective on the impact of radiation therapy on the immune rheostat.

The advent and success of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer treatment has broadened the spectrum of tumours that might be considered "immunogenic" and susceptible to immunotherapeutic (IT) intervention. Not all cancer types are sensitive, and not all patients with any given type respond. Combination treatment of ICIs with an established cytotoxic modality such as radiation therapy (RT) is a logical step towards improvement. For one, RT alone has been shown to be genuinely immunomodulatory and secondly pre-clinical data generally support combined ICI-RT approaches. This new integrated therapy for cancer treatment holds much promise, although there is still a lot to be learned about how best to schedule the treatments, manage the toxicities and determine what biomarkers might predict response, as well as many other issues. This review examines how RT alters the immune rheostat and how it might best be positioned to fully exploit IT

Evaluating the use of lemon grass roots for the reinforcement of a landslideaffected soil from Nilgris district, Tamil Nadu, India

For many centuries, man has been concerned with stabilizing soils in order to either prevent them from being easily eroded or to make them better suited for construction such as for earth building and road construction purposes. Attempts have been made to utilize many natural, synthetic or waste materials for such soil stabilization. Plants have been used as soil cover to prevent erosion and protect slopes. However, there is need to evaluate the engineering characteristics of soils reinforced with plant roots. Consequently, this research work was aimed at investigating the effects of the reinforcement of a landslide-affected soil using the roots of a locally-available plant on the strength and permeability properties of the soil. The natural moisture content, specific gravity, particle size distribution, Atterberg limits, compaction characteristics, shear strength, unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and permeability of the natural (landslide-affected) soil were determined. Results obtained for the natural landslide-affected soil were compared with those of the soil sample admixed with varying proportions (1%, 2%, 3% and 4%) of lemon grass roots. The result shows that the shear strength and UCS of the soil having 4% lemon grass roots is almost double that of the natural soil. Also, the permeability of the soil-root matrix was sufficiently reduced. Planting lemon grass on soils located along slopes is recommended to improve its strength and minimize the ease with which water infiltrates the soil, thereby reducing the incidence of landslide and other water-induced types of slope failure

Exergy Analysis of Operating Lignite Fired Thermal Power Plant

The energy assessment must be made through the energy quantity as well as the quality. But the usual energy analysisevaluates the energy generally on its quantity only. However, the exergy analysis assesses the energy on quantity as well asthe quality. The aim of the exergy analysis is to identify the magnitudes and the locations of real energy losses, in order toimprove the existing systems, processes or components. The present paper deals with an exergy analysis performed on anoperating 50MWe unit of lignite fired steam power plant at Thermal Power Station-I, Neyveli Lignite Corporation Limited,Neyveli, Tamil Nadu, India. The exergy losses occurred in the various subsystems of the plant and their components havebeen calculated using the mass, energy and exergy balance equations. The distribution of the exergy losses in several plantcomponents during the real time plant running conditions has been assessed to locate the process irreversibility. The Firstlaw efficiency (energy efficiency) and the Second law efficiency (exergy efficiency) of the plant have also been calculated.The comparison between the energy losses and the exergy losses of the individual components of the plant shows that themaximum energy losses of 39% occur in the condenser, whereas the maximum exergy losses of 42.73% occur in the combustor.The real losses of energy which has a scope for the improvement are given as maximum exergy losses that occurredin the combustor

Fruit and seed development in mung beans (Phaseolus aureus Roxb.)

A study of fruit set at different nodes was made in mung beans, Phaseolus aureus Roxb., under field conditions. Flowering commenced on the fourth node from the base and the percentage fruit set showed a gradual decrease from the fifth node upwards. Yield analysis was carried out for each of the fruiting nodes. When the leaf and inflorescences at a node are taken as a functional unit it is seen that there was a decrease in the ratio of leaf area to fruit and seed weights from the base of the plant upwards indicating that at the upper nodes particularly, some other plant parts also contribute to the photosynthate pool of the developing seeds. A quantitative study of the dry matter, proteins and starch in the fruit wall and seeds of fruits at different stages of development was made. It showed that the rapid increase in dry matter, proteins and starch in the seeds at the later stages of development is compensated, in part, by a decrease of these components in the fruit wall. Histochemical studies of the fruit wall further supported these observations. This indicated the contribution of substrates by the fruit wall to the developing seeds

Studies of Cadmium Selenide (CdSe) Nanoparticles Synthesized by Solvo-thermal Route

Synthesis of nanoparticles of Cadmium Selenide(CdSe)  was carried out by using a microwave oven. Cadmium chloride and sodium selenite were used as the precursor materials  to prepare CdSe nanoparticles. Ethylene glycol was used as the capping agent to control the size of the nanoparticles.  Powder XRD pattern reveals the crystal structure of the prepared CdSe nanoparticles. The average particle size of the sample was found to be 54 nm. The morphology of the sample was studied by   a SEM. UV-vis absorption spectrum for prepared CdSe sample was recorded. Dielectric studies were carried out for the pelltized sample of CdSe nanoparticles and AC conductivity and DC conductivity   values have been measured. The obtained   results are discussed

Large scale exploitation of sea horse (Hippocampus kuda) along the Palk Bay coast of Tamil Nadu

The specific fishing of sea horse Hippocampus kuda commenced in June 1992 and continues actively along the Palk Bay coast of Tamil Nadu. The diving is carried out by chank and holothurian skin divers