Immigrant Employee Effects in International Strategy: An Exploratory Study of the Service Sector

Abstract available at http://elements.massey.ac.nz/raoutput.html?oid=18340 . COMPETITIVE SESSION TRACK 9: INTERNATIONALIZATION PROCESSES AND INTERNATIONAL MARKETING STRATEGIES Immigrant Employee Effects in International Strategy: An Exploratory Study of the Service Sector This exploratory study examined the influence of immigrant employee effects within a sample of small New Zealand based international service providers. Seven immigrant employees from six firms were interviewed. The interviews examined immigrant effects on five areas: knowledge transfer and application; relationships; marketing strategy; distribution channels; and market entry mode. Abstract Propositions derived from literature were tentatively tested. The findings, consistent with other literature on immigrant effects, indicated that immigrant employees play an important role in shaping these areas within small international service firms. Of particular importance was knowledge of local culture and market conditions. Immigrant employees enjoyed considerable discretion in the creation and management of customer-firm relationships. There appeared to be strong interactions between the value of immigrant knowledge, relationships, and the characteristics of service offerings. Networks created by immigrant employees appear to be particularly valuable in the face of market turbulence and the adaptation of marketing strategy. The most effective utilisation of immigrant employees is related to size of the firm, attitude of the employer, and the level of job satisfaction. Further research to confirm these exploratory findings would be useful

Inward and Outward FDI Country Profiles, Second Edition

This second edition contains a series of 77 standardized country profiles dealing with the inward and outward foreign direct investment (FDI) performance of 40 economies. The profiles have been peer-reviewed by a global network of experts. The publication is intended to contribute to the analysis of trends in foreign direct investment and policy issues related to them. More specifically, the individual profiles discuss FDI trends and developments (country-level developments, the corporate players); effects of the recent global crises; and the policy scene. Each profile contains a standard set of tables, including on FDI stocks and flows, sectoral and geographical FDI distributions, the largest M&As and greenfield investments, the principal foreign affiliates (for inward FDI), and the principal multinational enterprises (for outward FDI). The standardized template used to produce the profiles allows cross-country comparisons. The volume is meant to be a reference tool for anyone interested in foreign direct investment

The relationship between foreign ownership and strike activity An investigation of foreign ownership and strike activity in British manufacturing firms 1971-1973 based on empirical data

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:D44030/82 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

International Investment by State-controlled Enterprises: A Source for Concern?

The international business activities of state-controlled enterprises appear to differ from those of otherwise comparable private-sector firms, giving rise to issues that provide a basis for corrective policy actions. The rapid growth in international investment by state-controlled enterprises (SCEs), particularly those of China, has raised considerable public disquiet and policy challenges in a number of host countries. Examination of the issues associated with Chinese SCEs reveals grounds for policy concern with regard to transparency and accountability, the pursuit of non-commercial goals, and the deployment of artificially created competitive advantages resulting from government subsidization, preferential treatment, and structural distortions. In light of these concerns, we discuss possible policy responses at the level of the home country, the host economy, and through international regulation

Rising regionalization: will the post-COVID-19 world see a retreat from globalization?

Concerns regarding the operation of the global economy mean that recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic is unlikely to see a return to the previous globalization wave. We suggest that there is an opportunity to address some of the weaknesses of globalization through a more regionally-based world economy offering a better balance between national and international interests, efficiency and resilience in global supply chains, and between growth, inclusiveness, and equity impacts

The Role of Springboarding in Economic Catch-Up: A Theoretical Perspective

This paper offers a taxonomic examination of the springboard perspective, outlining three upgrading paths pursued by emerging market firms – path following, path creating and path compressing. The choice of the upgrading path is determined primarily by home-country conditions including market size and growth, innovative capability, government intervention, and market and institutional imperfections. We find that “springboarding” is a strategy most likely to be adopted by path-compressing firms and least likely to be observed among path-creating firms

Beyond Supply and Assembly Relations: Collaborative Innovation in Global Factory Systems

Synthesizing strands of literature from internalisation theory and the resource-based view of the firm we develop a rationale for the adoption of outsourced collaborative ventures in innovation in rapidly changing business environments within the context of global factory systems. Improvements in capability and communication within the global supply base and increased recognition of the complementarities between leading MNEs and specialist contractors have increased the incentives for collaboration within functions traditionally undertaken in-house. Supporting our arguments with the illustration of Apple and Foxconn in consumer electronics, we argue that collaborative relations with an outsourced partner offer benefits in the creation of additional value, more efficient identification of opportunities, effective safeguarding of technologies, and suppression of opportunism. We discuss the implications of our analysis for the structuring of collaborative ventures, management of lead firm subsidiaries, and the upgrading of contract partners

The role of experiential and non-experiential knowledge in cross-border acquisitions: The case of Indian multinational enterprises

This paper investigates the antecedents of the internationalization of emerging economy multinational enterprises (EMNEs) through cross-border acquisitions. Using a panel data set of 1138 cross-border acquisitions made by 515 Indian MNEs during 2000 to 2013, it examines interactions of in-house resources with experiential and non-experiential knowledge to explore how EMNEs manage and exploit their knowledge base when internationalizing. The results show that Indian multinational enterprises have ‘interface competence’. They combine in-house resources with experiential market and externally sourced technological knowledge for undertaking cross-border acquisitions. The Uppsala model provides insights in analyzing the role of market knowledge and the Global Factory model helps in analyzing the role of technology in cross-border acquisitions by EMNEs