Biofilm formation on copper and its control by inhibitor/biocide in cooling water environment

The present study has successfully identified the nitrate reducing bacteria present in the cooling water system and also investigated the performance of industrially applied biocide and inhibitor on the bacterial inhibition. In order to carry out the objective of this study, facilities and methods such as 16S rRNA gene sequencing, Lowry assay, SEM, EIS, ICP-MS and weight loss analysis were being utilized. In this study, two out of the five morphologically dis- similar colonies identified through 16S rRNA gene sequencing, namely the Massilia timonae and the Pseudomonas, were being utilized in the biocorrosion study on copper metal. From the surface analysis using SEM demonstrated the phenomenon of biofilm formation on the copper surface. 2-methylbenzimidazole has the addition of methyl group in the diazole ring position of benzimidazole it has create basicity environment and inhibit the metal deterioration. Meanwhile, it is also deducible from the EIS and protein analysis that com- bination of biocide with either of the inhibitors gives rise to better biocorrosion suppression (0.00178 mpy and 0.00171mpy) as compared to the sole effect of either biocide or inhibitor (0.00219 mpy, 0.00162 and 0.00143). Biocorrosion system biocide with MBM was found to exhibit 65% corrosion inhibition efficiency. Moreover, adoption of 2-Methylbenzimidazole seems to display better performance as compared to Multionic 8151, which is adopted in cooling water system

Structure, conformations, and repair of DNA adducts from dibenzo [a,l]pyrene: postlabeling and fluorscense studies

The nature of stable DNA adducts derived from the very potent carcinogen dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DB[a,l]P) in the presence of rat liver microsomes in vitro and in mouse skin in vivo has been studied usin

Prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, associated factors and pregnancy complications in a primigravida population

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are among obstetrics' most intriguing and yet unsolved problems. It is one of the major causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. This study estimates the prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, their associated risk factors and pregnancy complications in primiparous women. Methods: All primigravida who gave birth in our hospital from December 2020 to December 2021 were included in the study. The prevalence, risk factors, mode of delivery, and maternal and fetal outcomes of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in primigravidae were collected from the patient's medical records. Statistical analysis was done using the SPSS 18.0 software package. The Chi-square test was used to analyse the association between the risk factors and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in primigravida. Results: A total of 807 women were included in the study, and the mean age was 26.34 ​± ​3.84 years. The prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in primigravidae was found to be 18.6%. Among the prevalent population, 79.3% of women had gestational hypertension. The findings indicate that hypertension in pregnancy has a significant relationship with risk factors such as increased maternal age (p ​30 ​kg/m2(p ​< ​0.001), hyperglycaemia in pregnancy (p ​< ​0.001), IVF pregnancy (p ​< ​0.004) and polycystic ovary syndrome (p ​< ​0.001). The most reported adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes were placental abruption (p ​< ​0.001), postpartum haemorrhage (p ​< ​0.001), prematurity (p ​< ​0.001), and fetal growth restriction (p ​< ​0.001). Conclusion: The study emphasises the importance of knowledge and timely assessment of risk factors of HDP. It also highlights the need for pre-conceptional counselling, which includes early detection, careful monitoring and treatment of HDP for preventing morbidity and mortality related to this disorder and it should be followed up even in the postpartum period

Gold nanoparticle immobilization on ZnO nanorods via bi-functional monolayers: A facile method to tune interface properties

10.1016/j.susc.2015.05.005Surface Science64123-2

Fluorobenzo[a]pyrenes as probes of the mechanism of cytochrome P450-catalyzed oxygen transfer in aromatic oxygenations

Fluoro substitution of benzo[a]pyrene (BP) has been very useful in determining the mechanism of cytochrome P450-catalyzed oxygen transfer in the formation of 6-hydroxyBP (6-OHBP) and its resulting BP 1,6-, 3,6-, and 6,12-diones. We report here the metabolism of 1-FBP and 3-FBP, and PM3 calculations of charge densities and bond orders in the neutral molecules and radical cations of BP, 1-FBP, 3-FBP, and 6-FBP, to determine the mechanism of oxygen transfer for the formation of BP metabolites. 1-FBP and 3-FBP were metabolized by rat liver microsomes. The products were analyzed by HPLC and identified by NMR. Formation of BP 1,6-dione and BP 3,6-dione from 1-FBP and 3-FBP, respectively, can only occur by removal of the fluoro ion from C-1 and C-3, respectively, via one-electron oxidation of the substrate. The combined metabolic and theoretical studies reveal the mechanism of oxygen transfer in the P450-catalyzed formation of BP metabolites. Initial abstraction of a ¿ electron from BP by the [Fe4+=O]+¿ of cytochrome P450 affords BP+¿. This is followed by oxygen transfer to the most electropositive carbon atoms, C-6, C-1, and C-3, with formation of 6-OHBP (and its quinones), 1-OHBP, and 3-OHBP, respectively, or the most electropositive 4,5-, 7,8-, and 9,10- double bonds, with formation of BP 4,5-, 7,8-, or 9,10-oxide