Toxins for Transgenic Resistance to Hemipteran Pests

The sap sucking insects (Hemiptera), which include aphids, whiteflies, plant bugs and stink bugs, have emerged as major agricultural pests. The Hemiptera cause direct damage by feeding on crops, and in some cases indirect damage by transmission of plant viruses. Current management relies almost exclusively on application of classical chemical insecticides. While the development of transgenic crops expressing toxins derived from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) has provided effective plant protection against some insect pests, Bt toxins exhibit little toxicity against sap sucking insects. Indeed, the pest status of some Hemiptera on Bt-transgenic plants has increased in the absence of pesticide application. The increased pest status of numerous hemipteran species, combined with increased prevalence of resistance to chemical insecticides, provides impetus for the development of biologically based, alternative management strategies. Here, we provide an overview of approaches toward transgenic resistance to hemipteran pests

Municipal Wastewater Recycling In Cotton Textile Wet Processing - A Review

The global water crisis is emerging as one of the most seri¬ous natural resource issues facing the world today. For the water consuming in¬dustry, water is no longer regarded as a consumable or utility but as a highly valuable asset. Water is a vital element used in close conjunction with the production processes. Water is a high value resource and it is directly related to economy as well. Due to scarcity of water, the recy¬cling of wastewater is becoming the necessity. Water recycling is important from economical and sustainable point of view, but it must be realized in a proper way while improving product quality and process stability at the same time. The textile industry is the biggest water con¬suming sector. Therefore use of treated municipal wastewater in textile wet processing and implementing water conservation techniques in production process of fabric are important to overcome the scarcity of water. Many researchers, scientist and scholars dedicated their knowledge in several aspects of wastewater recycling and reuse in different sectors of textiles. Review carried out here covers research work done by distinguished investigators from all over the world. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15032

Variant phasing and haplotypic expression from long-read sequencing in maize

Haplotype phasing maize genetic variants is important for genome interpretation, population genetic analysis and functional analysis of allelic activity. We performed an isoform-level phasing study using two maize inbred lines and their reciprocal crosses, based on single-molecule, full-length cDNA sequencing. To phase and analyze transcripts between hybrids and parents, we developed IsoPhase. Using this tool, we validated the majority of SNPs called against matching short-read data from embryo, endosperm and root tissues, and identified allele-specific, gene-level and isoform-level differential expression between the inbred parental lines and hybrid offspring. After phasing 6907 genes in the reciprocal hybrids, we annotated the SNPs and identified large-effect genes. In addition, we identified parent-of-origin isoforms, distinct novel isoforms in maize parent and hybrid lines, and imprinted genes from different tissues. Finally, we characterized variation in cis- and trans-regulatory effects. Our study provides measures of haplotypic expression that could increase accuracy in studies of allelic expression

IOT-Technologies for Smart World

Internet of things is the innovation can convey to each other without a human. This paper addresses the internet of Things and presents the few advances and interchanges arrangements. In this paper, we portray the internet of Things (IoT) which is a model where things can have distinguishing, detecting, and handling highlights that will enable them to speak with different gadgets over the Web to play out the errand. There are many difficulties with programming, equipment, and security in the genuine execution of IoT. This paper incorporates three conventions, For example, sigfox, Z wave and EnOcean .The systems administration convention and security administrations are not specifically connected on IoT in view of various correspondence stacks and different systems administration gauges. Along these lines, there is have to locate a productive arrangement which manages the every one of the difficulties in a domain of IoT. This paper presents different research challenges with their separate arrangements by looking at past writing and recognizing ebb and flow patterns.empowers remote gadgets to it utilizes the ISM groups, which are allowed to use without the need to procure licenses, to transmit information over an exceptionally limit range to and from associated objects.The EnOcean innovation is a vitality collecting remote innovation utilized fundamentally in building robotization frameworks, and is likewise connected to different applications in industry, transportation, coordinations and keen homes. Modules in view of EnOcean innovation consolidate small scale vitality converters with ultra low power gadgets, and empower remote interchanges between battery less remote sensors, switches, controllers and doors. The Z-Wave convention is a low transmission capacity half duplex convention intended for dependable remote correspondence in a minimal effort control arrange. It lets gadgets and sensor-empowered s talk and react to each other, and it does it at a value that everyman can bear

Design of ECG Acquisition System and Noise Removal Using MSP 430 Controller

In today’s world, electrocardiography (ECG) is very important to detect heart related problems. Many technologies have been developed for medical monitoring. In this study, we are developing monitoring system using 3 leads. This system takes input as an analog signal processes and conditions it and converts it into digital signal. After converting, it processes the digital signal with MSP430 controller

Efficacy of beta radiation in prevention of post-angioplasty restenosis

Restenosis remains a major limitation of coronary angioplasty in spite of major advances in techniques and technology. Recent studies have demonstrated that ionizing radiation may limit the degree of this problem. Gamma radiation has been shown to be effective in reducing in stent restenosis in humans, and beta radiation following encouraging results in animals has been shown to be feasible in humans. The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of a 5 F non-centered catheter to deliver beta radiation emitting seeds to the lesion site post angioplasty and its effect on restenosis. Following successful angioplasty, patients were randomized to treatment with 12, 14 or 16 Gy at the angioplasty site. This was delivered with a 5 F non-centered catheter. Twelve beta radiation emitting seeds (90Sr/Y) were delivered to an area 3 cm in length to cover the angioplasty site. Angiographic follow-up was performed at 6 months. Baseline and follow-up angiograms were performed by blinded investigators at a core laboratory. This interim report comprises the first 35 patients to complete 6-month angiographic follow-up. There were no major radiation incidents. Four patients had evidence of angiographic restenosis. The MLD (mm) and percent stenosis were 0.77 +/- 0.27/72.5 +/- 8.6 pre angioplasty, 2.08 +/- 0.4/25.7 +/- 9.8 post angioplasty and radiation and 2.05 +/- 0.59/25.7 +/- 19.8 at follow-up respectively. CONCLUSION: Beta radiation can be feasibly and safely delivered post coronary angioplasty with a very encouraging reduction of restenosis

Identification of genetic polymorphisms in DNA repair xenoderma pigmentosum group D gene and its association with head and neck cancer susceptibility in rural Indian population: a hospital based case-control study from south-western Maharashtra, India

Background: Smoking and alcohol related head and neck cancer is a major concern of health risk in developing countries, such as India. In this study, we aimed to determine the frequency of polymorphisms in DNA repair gene, xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group D (XPD) at codon (cd) 156, cd199, cd320, cd751 in patients of oral cancer from South-Western Maharashtra, India and to evaluate their association with oral cancer development.Methods: We used polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) to analyze XPD gene polymorphisms in 320 patients with oral cancer and in 400 age and sex matched disease-free controls.Results: There was no significant difference in the genotype distribution between oral cancer patients and controls for each polymorphism (p>0.05) except XPD199. The result from our study showed that allele frequencies of selected genes were not statistically different between the groups for XPD Arg156, XPD Asn320, XPD Gln751. XPDMet199 (OR=29.44; 95% CI= (18.47-46.92); p≤0.0001) genotypes significantly increased the risk of head and neck cancer.Conclusions: This study indicates that polymorphisms in cd199 of XPD gene could play a role in modifying genetic susceptibility of individual to head and neck cancer inMaharashtra patients. Thus, the case-control study suggest that selected DNA repair genes represent genetic determinants in oral carcinogenesis along with other risk factors in the rural Indian population.