Snow cover, snowmelt and runoff in the Himalayan River basins

Not withstanding the seasonal vagaries of both rainfall amount and snowcover extent, the Himalayan rivers retain their basic perennial character. However, it is the component of snowmelt yield that accounts for some 60 to 70 percent of the total annual flow volumes from Hamilayan watersheds. On this large hydropotential predominantly depends the temporal performance of hydropower generation and major irrigation projects. The large scale effects of Himalayan snowcover on the hydrologic responses of a few selected catchments in western Himalayas was studied. The antecedent effects of snowcover area on long and short term meltwater yields can best be analyzed by developing appropriate hydrologic models forecasting the pattern of snowmelt as a function of variations in snowcover area. It is hoped that these models would be of practical value in the management of water resources. The predictability of meltwater for the entire snowmelt season was studied, as was the concurrent flow variation in adjacent watersheds, and their hydrologic significance. And the applicability of the Snowmelt-Runoff Model for real time forecast of daily discharges during the major part of the snowmelt season is examined

Ion-acoustic solitons in warm magnetoplasmas with super-thermal electrons

In this work, the phenomenon of formation of localised electrostatic waves (ESW) or soliton is considered in a warm magnetoplasma with the possibility of non-thermal electron distribution. The parameter regime considered here is relevant in case of magnetospheric plasmas. We show that deviation from a usual relaxed Maxwellian distribution of the electron population has a significant bearing in the allowed parameter regime, where these ESWs can be found. We further consider the presence of more than one electron temperature, which is inspired by recent space-based observations[key-2].Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure

Pairing Symmetry in Iron-Pnictide Superconductor KFe2_2As2_2

The pairing symmetry is one of the major issues in the study of iron-based superconductors. We adopt a low-energy effective kinetic model based on the first-principles band structure calculations combined with the $J_1$-$J_2$ model for KFe$_2$As$_2$, the phase diagram of pairing symmetries is constructed. Putting the values of $J_1$ and $J_2$ of the $J_1$-$J_2$ model obtained by the first-principles calculations into this phase diagram, we find that the pairing symmetry for KFe$_2$As$_2$ is a nodal $d_{xy}$-wave in the folded Brillouin zone with two iron atoms per unit cell. This is in good agreement with experiments observed a nodal order parameter.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures (The pairing symmetry is dependent on choosing an effective tight-binding model. In the publication version, we adopt a ten-orbital model by using the maximally localized Wannier functions based on the first-principles band structure calculations, and give an s-wave pairing for KFe$_2$As$_2$

Maternal repair system- an analysis in retrospect

Influence of caffeine, cysteine, hydroxyures and cycloherimide on maternal repair system operative in female Drosophila was studied using rod-X males and Oster females. The number of parental matings was kept constant. A new method of statistical analysis was employed to examine the frequency of sex-chromosome loss in these experiments. A re-analysis of published data was also done using this method. The existence of a maternal repair system was not upheld. The observed discrepancies between data reported herein and those published earlier and the possible reasons are discussed

What can the SNO Neutral Current Rate teach us about the Solar Neutrino Anomaly

We investigate how the anticipated neutral current rate from $SNO$ will sharpen our understanding of the solar neutrino anomaly. Quantitative analyses are performed with representative values of this rate in the expected range of $0.8 - 1.2$. This would provide a $5 - 10 \sigma$ signal for $\nu_e$ transition into a state containing an active neutrino component. Assuming this state to be purely active one can estimate both the $^8B$ neutrino flux and the $\nu_e$ survival probability to a much higher precision than currently possible. Finally the measured value of the $NC$ rate will have profound implications for the mass and mixing parameters of the solar neutrino oscillation solution.Comment: Brief discussion on the first NC result from SNO added; final version to be published in the MPL

Characterization of finger millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.] germplasm for morphological parameters under field conditions

The trial was conducted at the research block of Crop Improvement, GBPUAT, Hill Campus, Ranichauri using randomized block design (RBD) to characterize finger millet germplasm for morphological characters viz., plant height, flag leaf length, number of tiller plant-1, number of finger ear-1, ear length, no. of grain finger-1, no. of grain ear-1 and grain yield plant-1. Among all germplasms, number of finger ear-1, number of grain finger-1 and grain yield plant-1(g) had recorded highest in VL 149 which were 9.96, 150.66, 2.63 g respectively. The germplasm GEC 1406 attained lowest plant height (75.89 cm), GEC 961 had recorded higher flag leaf length (40.96 cm), GEC 268 had recorded maximum number of tiller plant-1 (3.30), GEC 199 had recorded higher ear length (9.20 cm), GEC 1044 had recorded maximum number of grain ear-1 (663) among all germplasm of finger millet. This study is helpful to identify superior germplasm so they can be used for further finger millet crop improvement programs

Gravitational collapse from smooth initial data with vanishing radial pressure

We study here the spherical gravitational collapse assuming initial data to be necessarily smooth, as motivated by the requirements based on physical reasonableness. A tangential pressure model is constructed and analyzed in order to understand the final fate of collapse explicitly in terms of the density and pressure parameters at the initial epoch from which the collapsedevelops. It is seen that both black holes and naked singularities are produced as collapse end states even when the initial data is smooth. We show that the outcome is decided entirely in terms of the initial data, as given by density, pressure and velocity profiles at the initial epoch, from which the collapse evolves.Comment: 10 pages,3 figures,revtex4,Revised Versio

Impact of grant-in-aid projects at CSIR-National Metallurgical Laboratory, India: A bibliometric study

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of 204 Grant-in-Aid projects carried out at CSIR-National Metallurgical Laboratory, India during 1995-2010 through Bibliometric method. Unearths the impact of projects in the light of current needs to sustain in future. The data pertaining to study were generated through structured questionnaire. The output-identified as deliverables of each project includes, cash flow, process developed, patents, copyright, and technology transferred, academic contribution and research papers published through projects .The quality of papers were traced out through citation and impact factor. The Projects have been classified at different level of research- basic research, applied research, industrial research. The data further presented according to the level of research to accommodate 204 projects. The duration of the projects ranged from 6 months to 5 years. A group of 27 subject areas have been identified for all the projects, fall in the domain of Metallurgy and Materials Sciences and allied subjects .The value of projects were estimated around 55 Crore Rupees. About 97% projects were accomplished in scheduled time. The R&D output reflects that 55 processes were developed and only one technology could be transferred. However 21 technologies are under negotiation for transfer to different parties. During the tennure of projects, 40 patents and 14 copyrights were filed. About 58 students from various reputed academic institutions were benefited through projects. A total of 608 research papers were reported based on projects findings. The trends of publications during 16 years show that SCI papers are in increasing trends and reflects a healthy sign as performance indicators of the sponsored projects. The projects under basic research contributed a maximum of 226 papers with 845 citations, shared 64.50% of the total 1310 citations. The average impact factor of papers was 1.552. The highly cited papers published in the area of water quality-assessment, received 88 Citations, other highly cited papers fall in the domain of corrosion protection and prevention, waste management and utilization and materials science and technology. The output of the present work will be useful for scientists and decision makers to judge the impact of Grant- in- Aid projects in the light of current global scenario and making project selection mechanism more effective by tailoring to the current needs of the society

Usage Pattern of Information Resources at CSIR- National Metallurgical Laboratory,Jamshedpur, India

The collection development policy for Knowledge Resource Centre can be made by applying various value added analysis. This study primarily focus on the current usage of information resource at National Metallurgical Laboratory through citation analysis of research papers. The output of the study set forth a collection development tool for applying in acquisition policy...