Signs and symptoms of disordered eating in pregnancy: A Delphi consensus study

Background: This study aimed to establish consensus on the expression and distinction of disordered eating inpregnancy to improve awareness across various health professions and inform the development of a pregnancyspecific assessment instrument.Methods: A three-round modified Delphi method was used with two independent panels. International cliniciansand researchers with extensive knowledge on and/or clinical experience with eating disorders formed the firstpanel and were recruited using structured selection criteria. Women who identified with a lived experience ofdisordered eating in pregnancy formed the second panel and were recruited via expressions of interest from studyadvertising on pregnancy forums and social media platforms. A systematic search of academic and grey literatureproduced 200 sources which were used to pre-populate the Round I questionnaire. Additional items were includedin Round II based on panel feedback in Round I. Consensus was defined as 75% agreement on an item.Results: Of the 102 items presented to the 26 professional panel members and 15 consumer panel members, 75reached consensus across both panels. Both panels clearly identified signs and symptoms of disordered eating inpregnancy and endorsed a number of clinical features practitioners should consider when delineating disorderedeating symptomatically from normative pregnancy experiences.Conclusion: A list of signs and symptoms in consensus was identified. The areas of collective agreement may beused to guide clinicians in clinical practice, aid the development of psychometric tools to detect/assess pregnancyspecific disordered eating, in addition to serving as starting point for the development of a core outcome set tomeasure disordered eating in pregnancy

The celebrity entrepreneur on television: profile, politics and power

This article examines the rise of the ‘celebrity entrepreneur’ on television through the emergence of the ‘business entertainment format’ and considers the ways in which regular television exposure can be converted into political influence. Within television studies there has been a preoccupation in recent years with how lifestyle and reality formats work to transform ‘ordinary’ people into celebrities. As a result, the contribution of vocationally skilled business professionals to factual entertainment programming has gone almost unnoticed. This article draws on interviews with key media industry professionals and begins by looking at the construction of entrepreneurs as different types of television personalities and how discourses of work, skill and knowledge function in business shows. It then outlines how entrepreneurs can utilize their newly acquired televisual skills to cultivate a wider media profile and secure various forms of political access and influence. Integral to this is the centrality of public relations and media management agencies in shaping media discourses and developing the individual as a ‘brand identity’ that can be used to endorse a range of products or ideas. This has led to policy makers and politicians attempting to mobilize the media profile of celebrity entrepreneurs to reach out and connect with the public on business and enterprise-related issues

FMR1 Genotype with Autoimmunity-Associated Polycystic Ovary-Like Phenotype and Decreased Pregnancy Chance

The FMR1 gene partially appears to control ovarian reserve, with a specific ovarian sub-genotype statistically associated with a polycystic ovary (PCO)- like phenotype. Some forms of PCO have been associated with autoimmunity. We, therefore, investigated in multiple regression analyses associations of ovary-specific FMR1 genotypes with autoimmunity and pregnancy chances (with in vitro fertilization, IVF) in 339 consecutive infertile women (455 IVF cycles), 75 with PCO-like phenotype, adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, medication dosage and number of oocytes retrieved. Patients included 183 (54.0%) with normal (norm) and 156 (46%) with heterozygous (het) FMR1 genotypes; 133 (39.2%) demonstrated laboratory evidence of autoimmunity: 51.1% of het-norm/low, 38.3% of norm and 24.2% het-norm/high genotype and sub-genotypes demonstrated autoimmunity (p = 0.003). Prevalence of autoimmunity increased further in PCO-like phenotype patients with het-norm/low genotype (83.3%), remained unchanged with norm (34.0%) and decreased in het-norm/high women (10.0%; P<0.0001). Pregnancy rates were significantly higher with norm (38.6%) than het-norm/low (22.2%, p = 0.001). FMR1 sub-genotype het-norm/low is strongly associated with autoimmunity and decreased pregnancy chances in IVF, reaffirming the importance of the distal long arm of the X chromosome (FMR1 maps at Xq27.3) for autoimmunity, ovarian function and, likely, pregnancy chance with IVF