Basement structure of the Hontomín CO2 Geological storage facility (Burgos, Spain): integration of microgravity & 3D seismic reflection data

The structure of the Hontomín CO2 geological storage research facility has been addressed combining 3D seismic reflection data, borehole information and microgravity data. The integrated interpretation constrains the basement structural setting geometry and that of the sedimentary succession. The study unravels the deep structure and topography of the basement and quantifies the thickness of the Triassic Keuper evaporites. We describe a half-graben setting filled with Keuper evaporites (up to 2000 m) forming an extensional forced fold. Three set of faults are identified with two main fault systems compartmentalizing the area into three differentiated blocks. These faults have been interpreted to be reactivated normal faults that have led to the formation of the Hontomín dome.The datasets in this work have been funded by Fundación Ciudad de la Energía (Spanish Government, www.ciuden.es) and by the European Union through the “European Energy Programme for Recovery” and the Compostilla OXYCFB300 project. Dr. Juan Alcalde is currently funded by NERC grant NE/M007251/1.Peer Reviewe

Conocimientos para la enseñanza del número en Educadoras de Párvulos en Formación Docente Inicial: Constructo, instrumentos e intervención

El trabajo propone un constructo sobre el conocimiento docente que incluye el conocimiento de la educadora sobre lógica, número, etapas del aprendizaje del niño y organización de la enseñanza. Se diseñó un instrumento para medir este conocimiento. Se diseñó y aplicó un curso de enseñanza de la matemática, particularmente del número. El curso se basó en metodologías que integran teoría-práctica en la formación inicial: análisis de videos, estudio de caso y estudio de clase. Se usó un enfoque mixto, un diseño cuasi experimental con pre y post test, mapas conceptuales y entrevistas; constatándose diferencias significativas a favor del curso. El estudio provee un marco conceptual y metodologías para la formación docente en enseñanza de la matemática en Educación Parvularia

Reflection Seismic Imaging for Mineral Exploration in the Sotiel-Coronada Area, Southwest Spain

Near Surface Geoscience Conference & Exhibition Online 2020This work explores the first results of the seismic data acquired in the Sotiel-Coronada mine as part of the SIT4ME (Seismic Imaging Techniques for Mineral Exploration) project. In this experiment, a multi-source seismic data-set was acquired at the end of 2018 in the Sotiel- Coronada area of the Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB) (southwest Spain). In the seismic experiment presented, 653 seismic receivers were deployed distributed in a pseudo 3D grid and six crooked lines across the study area. The sensors recorded c. 900 vibration points produced by a 32 Tn vibrotruck. Here, we present the stack results of the 2D seismic sections. Data from over 100 wells have been incorporating to aid in the structural interpretation. The preliminary interpretation reveals the complexity of this highly faulted ore-bearing area. Correlations between well log data information and 2D seismic profiles, suggest the location of a potentially mineralized area. The SIT4ME project has been funded by EIT Raw Materials (17024)

The Crust beneath Morocco: From the surface topography to the upper mantle a 700 km long seismic section across Morocco.

The most characteristic topographic features of Morocco are the Atlas Mountains and the Rif Coordillera. These two orogenic belts are the response of different geodynamic processes acting at lithospheric scale caused by a complex plate interaction. Both are located within the diffuse plate boundary zone separating Africa and Europe. The boundary zone is characterized by a relatively broad zone of deformation that includes mountain chains in southern Iberia, the Betics and in Morocco, the Rif Cordillera, separated by the Alboran basin. The zone delineates an arcuate arc system known as the Gibraltar arc. The area is characterized by a relatively large amount of earthquake activity at various depths and with a broad spectra of focal mechanisms. Within the last decade a large international effort have been devoted to the area. The topic has fostered a strong collaborations between Spanish and international research teams form Europe and USA. Key multi-seismic projects have been developed that aim to constrain the structure, composition and tectonic scenario from south of the Atlas to the Betics, across the Rif cordillera and the Alboran basin. The multidisciplinary research program included: natural source (earthquakes) recording with temporal deployments of broad band (BB) instrumentation and, controlled source seismic acquisition experiments where, spatially dense recording of wide-angle seismic reflection shot gathers were acquired. The natural source experiments consisted on a transect from Merzouga across the Gibraltar Arc and into the Iberian Peninsula (until south of Toledo) and, a nearly regular grid of BB. The controlled source data-sets were able to constrain the crustal structure and provide seismic P-wave propagation velocity models from the coast across the Rif and the Atlas. From south to north the crust features a relatively moderate crustal root beneath the Middle Atlas which can reach 40 km clearly differing from the 35 km thickness value observed at both sides of this root. Travel time inversion results position the crustal root just south of the High Atlas defining a thrusted mantle wedge and, also a limited crustal imbrication is suggested in the Middle Atlas. The most surprising feature is a prominent and unexpected crustal root (over 50 km) located beneath the external Rif and identified by both the wide-angle data and receiver function studies. To the east of this feature the crust thins rapidly by 20 km across the Nekkor fault zone, suggested to be related to the sharp change in crustal thickness. On shore-offshore recording of marine shots reveal further complexities in the transition to the Alboran basin. The low values of the Bouguer gravity anomalies beneath the Rif Cordillera are consistent with the crustal models derived from the new seismic data. The detailed knowledge on the crustal structure achieved by this high resolution imaging geophysical techniques is an asset to evaluate the earthquake and potential tsunami hazard for the coasts of North Africa and western Europe.This work has been primarily funded by the Spanish MEC project CGL2007–63889. Additional funding was provided by projects CGL2010–15416, CSD2006-00041, and CGL2009–09727 (Spain), CGL2008–03474-E, 07- TOPO_EUROPE_FP-006 (ESF Eurocores) and EAR-0808939 (US, NSF).Peer Reviewe

3-D reflection seismic imaging of the Hontomín structure in the Basque–Cantabrian Basin (Spain)

The Basque–Cantabrian Basin of the northern Iberia Peninsula constitutes a unique example of a major deformation system, featuring a dome structure developed by extensional tectonics followed by compressional reactivation. The occurrence of natural resources in the area and the possibility of establishing a geological storage site for carbon dioxide motivated the acquisition of a 3-D seismic reflection survey in 2010, centered on the Jurassic Hontomín dome. The objectives of this survey were to obtain a geological model of the overall structure and to establish a baseline model for a possible geological CO2 storage site. The 36 km 2 survey included approximately 5000 mixed (Vibroseis and explosives) source points recorded with a 25 m inline source and receiver spacing. The target reservoir is a saline aquifer, at approximately 1450 m depth, encased and sealed by carbonate formations. Acquisition and processing parameters were influenced by the rough topography and relatively complex geology. A strong near-surface velocity inversion is evident in the data, affecting the quality of the data. The resulting 3-D image provides constraints on the key features of the geologic model. The Hontomín structure is interpreted to consist of an approximately 107 m2 large elongated dome with two major (W–E and NW–SE) striking faults bounding it. Preliminary capacity estimates indicate that about 1.2 Gt of CO2 can be stored in the target reservoirFunding for this Project has been partially provided by the Spanish Ministry of Industry, Tourism and Trade, through the CIUDEN-CSIC-Inst. Jaume Almera agreement (Characterization, Development and Validation of Seismic Techniques applied to CO2 Geological Storage Sites) and by the European Union through the Technology Demonstration Plant of Compostilla OXYCFB300 project (European Energy Programme for 534 Recovery). Additional support has been provided by Spanish Ministry of Education Science (CSD2006-00041), Generalitat de Catalunya (2009SGR006) and CSIC JAE-Doc postdoctoral research contract (E.S.).Peer Reviewe

Reflection seismic imaging to unravel subsurface geological structures of the Zinkgruvan mining area, central Sweden

The Zinkgruvan mining area is located on the south-eastern part of the Bergslagen district, one of the three major mineral producing regions in Sweden. In this study, we present the results from three (P1, P2 and P8) reflection seismic profiles each approximately 3000 m-long crossing the Zinkgruvan Zn-Pb-Ag-(Cu) mining area. P1 was acquired using cabled geophones with 10 m receiver and source interval and crossed major geological features. The other two profiles (P2 and P8) were acquired by wireless recorders with 20 m receiver and 10 m source interval and ran perpendicular to P1. Through a special data processing workflow adapted to this dataset, good quality seismic sections were obtained along these profiles, although a high noise level due to high voltage electric power lines was present. The interpretations were constrained by (1) seismic P-wave velocity and density data from a series of downhole logging measurements, (2) 3D forward reflection traveltime modelling in both pre- and post-stack domains, and (3) other geophysical and geological observations available from the site. Despite the notably complex geology, the processed seismic sections clearly reveal a series of horizontal to gently dipping reflections associated with known geological formations. Results indicate that most structures and lithological contacts dip or plunge to the northeast, including the targeted Zinkgruvan Formation. The results from this seismic survey are encouraging regarding the potential of the seismic method for base-metal exploration in Sweden and in particular in the Bergslagen district. It shows the high resolving power of the reflection seismic methods for imaging complex geological structures in a cost-effective and environmentally-friendly way.EIT-RawMaterials is gratefully thanked for funding this up-scaling project 17024.Peer reviewe

Prevalence and genetic characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus CC398 isolates from invasive infections in spanish hospitals, focusing on the livestock-independent CC398-MSSA clade

Background: Livestock-associated (LA)-CC398-MRSA is closely related to pigs, being unfrequently detected in human invasive infections. CC398-MSSA is emerging in human invasive infections in some countries, but genetic and epidemiological characteristics are still scarcely reported. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus (SA) CC398, both MRSA and MSSA, among blood cultures SA isolates recovered in Spanish hospitals located in regions with different pig-farming densities (PD) and characterize the recovered isolates. Methods: One thousand twenty-two SA isolates (761 MSSA, 261 MRSA) recovered from blood cultures during 6–12 months in 17 Spanish hospitals (2018–2019) were studied. CC398 lineage identification, detection of spa-types, and antibiotic resistance, virulence and human immune evasion cluster (IEC) genes were analyzed by PCR/sequencing. Results: Forty-four CC398-MSSA isolates (4.3% of SA; 5.8% of MSSA) and 10 CC398-MRSA isolates (1% of SA; 3.8% of MRSA) were detected. Eleven spa-types were found among the CC398-MSSA isolates with t571 and t1451 the most frequent spa-types detected (75%). Most of CC398-MSSA isolates were Immune-Evasion-Cluster (IEC)-positive (88.6%), tetracycline-susceptible (95.5%) and erythromycin/clindamycin–inducible-resistant/erm(T)-positive (75%). No statistical significance was detected when the CC398-MSSA/MSSA rate was correlated to PD (pigs/km2) (p = 0.108). On the contrary, CC398-MRSA isolates were all IEC-negative, predominately spa-t011 (70%), and the CC398-MRSA/MRSA rate was significantly associated to PD (p < 0.005). Conclusion: CC398-MSSA is an emerging clade in invasive infections in Spanish hospitals. CC398-MRSA (mostly t011) and CC398-MSSA (mostly t571 and t1451) show important differences, possibly suggesting divergent steps in host-adaptation evolutionary processes. While CC398-MRSA is livestock-associated (lacking IEC-system), CC398-MSSA seems to be mostly livestock-independent, carrying human-adaptation markers.

El grupu neandertal de la Cueva d' El Sidrón (Borines, Piloña)

El artículo está en la lengua asturianaPeer reviewe