Induced Polyakov supergravity on Riemann surfaces of higher genus

An effective action is obtained for the $N=1$, $2D-$induced supergravity on a compact super Riemann surface (without boundary) $\hat\Sigma$ of genus $g>1$, as the general solution of the corresponding superconformal Ward identity. This is accomplished by defining a new super integration theory on $\hat\Sigma$ which includes a new formulation of the super Stokes theorem and residue calculus in the superfield formalism. Another crucial ingredient is the notion of polydromic fields. The resulting action is shown to be well-defined and free of singularities on \sig. As a by-product, we point out a morphism between the diffeomorphism symmetry and holomorphic properties.Comment: LPTB 93-10, Latex file 20 page

On the holomorphic factorization for superconformal fields

For a generic value of the central charge, we prove the holomorphic factorization of partition functions for free superconformal fields which are defined on a compact Riemann surface without boundary. The partition functions are viewed as functionals of the Beltrami coefficients and their fermionic partners which variables parametrize superconformal classes of metrics.Comment: 5 pages, LATEX, MPI-Ph/92-7

The Polyakov action on the supertorus

A consistent method for obtaining a well-defined Polyakov action on the supertorus is presented. This method uses the covariantization of derivative operators and enables us to construct a Polyakov action which is globally defined.Comment: 15 pages LaTe

d=2, N=2 Superconformal Symmetries and Models

We discuss the following aspects of two-dimensional N=2 supersymmetric theories defined on compact super Riemann surfaces: parametrization of (2,0) and (2,2) superconformal structures in terms of Beltrami coefficients and formulation of superconformal models on such surfaces (invariant actions, anomalies and compensating actions, Ward identities).Comment: 43 pages, late

Response of Broiler Chickens in the Starter and Finisher Phases to 3 Sources of Microbial Phytase

A broiler chicken study was conducted for 42 D to evaluate their responses to 3 commercially available microbial phytases. Growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and bone mineralization at days 21 and 42 posthatching were used as parameters of evaluation. The study was a randomized complete block design with 12 treatments, 8 replicate pens, and 25 birds per pen. Treatments included a positive control (PC), a negative control (NC) with crude protein (CP), nonphytate phosphorus (P), and calcium (Ca) reduced by 18, 1.5, and 1.8 g/kg, respectively; the NC + 4 levels of phytase A (250, 500, 750, 1,000 FTU/kg), 3 levels of phytase B (250, 500, 750 FTU/kg), and 3 levels of phytase C (500, 750, 1,000 FTU/kg). Broilers fed the NC diet had reduced (P \u3c 0.05) performance and digestibility measures at days 21 and 42 relative to the PC. All phytase enzymes improved (P \u3c 0.05) BW, gain, feed efficiency, and tibia ash weight and percent. Inclusion of phytase at the highest levels improved (P \u3c 0.05) tibia ash weight by an average of 18.5 and 22% at days 21 and 42, respectively, over the NC. Phytase A linearly improved (P \u3c 0.05) the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of DM, Ca, P, copper, and sodium at day 21, and the AID of energy, nitrogen, and all amino acid (AA) digestibility at day 42 posthatching. Phytase B linearly (P \u3c 0.05) improved BW gain and feed efficiency of birds at day 21 and quadratically improved (P \u3c 0.05) the AID of nitrogen and all AA in birds at day 42. Supplementation of birds fed the NC with phytase C linearly improved (P \u3c 0.05) the BW gain, feed intake, feed efficiency, and AID of DM, energy, nitrogen, all AA, and all minerals except manganese at day 42. In conclusion, all 3 phytase products improved the growth performance, nutrient and mineral digestibility, and bone mineralization of birds fed diets deficient in nitrogen, Ca, and P similar to or more than birds fed diet adequate in P and CP

W-algebras from symplectomorphisms

It is shown how $W$-algebras emerge from very peculiar canonical transformations with respect to the canonical symplectic structure on a compact Riemann surface. The action of smooth diffeomorphisms of the cotangent bundle on suitable generating functions is written in the BRS framework while a $W$-symmetry is exhibited. Subsequently, the complex structure of the symmetry spaces is studied and the related BRS properties are discussed. The specific example of the so-called $W_3$-algebra is treated in relation to some other different approaches.Comment: LaTex, 25 pages, no figures, to appear in Journ. Math. Phy

Supersymmetric structure of the induced W gravities

We derive the supersymmetric structure present in W-gravities which has been already observed in various contexts as Yang-Mills theory, topological field theories, bosonic string and chiral W_{3}-gravity. This derivation which is made in the geometrical framework of Zucchini, necessitates the introduction of an appropriate new basis of variables which replace the canonical fields and their derivatives. This construction is used, in the W_{2}-case, to deduce from the Chern-Simons action the Wess-Zumino-Polyakov action.Comment: 17 pages, Latex. To appear in Class. Quantum. Gravit

PROBIÓTICOS NA ALIMENTAÇÃO DE LEITÕES DO DESMAME AOS 63 DIAS DE IDADE

O objetivo do experimento foi avaliar o desempenho de leitões recebendo antibiótico ou probiótico, em uso isolado ou associado. O projeto foi conduzido na granja de suínos da UFPR, em Pinhais - Pr. Foram utilizados 112 leitões mestiços Landrace x Large White, distribuídos num delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados com sete repetições por tratamento. O probiótico testado continha 5 x 10 esporos viáveis de Bacillus toyoi por grama. As rações continham 3.350 Kcal/EM/Kg; 21,8 e 20% de proteína bruta e 0,2 e 0,1% de inclusão do probiótico nas rações pré-inicial e inicial, respectivamente. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: T1 - ração à base de soja e milho (basal); T2 - basal + probiótico; T3 - basal + antibiótico e T4 - basal + antibiótico + probiótico. Foram avaliados os pesos ao desmame, 37, 51 e 63 dias; consumo de ração (CR); ganho de peso diário (GPD) e conversão alimentar (CA) nos tratamentos e suas interações fatoriais foram analisados pelo SAEG e as médias comparadas por Newman Keuls, a 5%. Os pesos aos 51 e 63 dias e o GPD foram superiores para T3 e T4. A CA foi superior em T4. A adição ou não de probiótico não apresentou melhora para nenhuma das variáveis. A presença de antibiótico apresentou melhores pesos aos 51 e 63 dias, GPD, CR e CA. O uso de probióticos piorou as características de desempenho dos leitões quando comparado ao antibiótico; o probiótico associado ao antibiótico melhorou a eficiência alimentar. Probiotcs in the pigs food from weaning to 63 days Abstract The main aim of the present experiment was to carry on an evaluation of the performance of pigs using antibiotic or probiotic either isolated or in association. The experiment took place at the UFPR pig farm , Pinhais, Pr. A total of 112 crossbreed Landrace x Large White pigs were used in the experiment. The animals were distributed in casual blocks according to the experimental outline with seven repetitions for each treatment. The tested probiotic contained 5 x10 viable spores of Bacillus toyoi per gram. The rations contained 3,350 Kcal/EM/kg; 21.8, 20% of raw protein and 0.2 and 0.1 % of inclusion of the probiotic in the preinitial and initial rations, respectively.The treatments were as follows: T1 of soy and corn (basal) ; T2 - basal + probiotic; T3 - basal + antibiotic ; T4 - basal + probiotic + antibiotic. At each treatment and its factorial interactions the following parameters were then considered: weight at the weaning and at 37, 51 and 63 days of age; rations consumption (CR); daily wining of weight (GPD); and alimentary conversion (CA). The data obtained were then analyzed by SAEG and the averages compared by Newman Keuls, at 5%. The weights at 51 and 63 days and the GPD were superiors for T3 and T4. Alimentary conversion - CA - showed to be superior for T4. The addition or not of probiotic did not show weight improvement for none of the variables. Pig weights at 51 and 63 days, GPD, CR and CA values were positively influenced by the addition of antibiotic to the ration. Compared to the antibiotic, the use of probiotic worsened the pigs performance characteristics, however, the association of probiotic and antibiotic improved the alimentary efficiency

Chronic pneumonia with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and impaired alveolar fluid clearance

BACKGROUND: While the functional consequences of acute pulmonary infections are widely documented, few studies focused on chronic pneumonia. We evaluated the consequences of chronic Pseudomonas lung infection on alveolar function. METHODS: P. aeruginosa, included in agar beads, was instilled intratracheally in Sprague Dawley rats. Analysis was performed from day 2 to 21, a control group received only sterile agar beads. Alveolar-capillary barrier permeability, lung liquid clearance (LLC) and distal alveolar fluid clearance (DAFC) were measured using a vascular ((131)I-Albumin) and an alveolar tracer ((125)I-Albumin). RESULTS: The increase in permeability and LLC peaked on the second day, to return to baseline on the fifth. DAFC increased independently of TNF-α or endogenous catecholamine production. Despite the persistence of the pathogen within the alveoli, DAFC returned to baseline on the 5(th )day. Stimulation with terbutaline failed to increase DAFC. Eradication of the pathogen with ceftazidime did not restore DAFC response. CONCLUSIONS: From these results, we observe an adequate initial alveolar response to increased permeability with an increase of DAFC. However, DAFC increase does not persist after the 5(th )day and remains unresponsive to stimulation. This impairment of DAFC may partly explain the higher susceptibility of chronically infected patients to subsequent lung injury